introduces most of the concepts which govern the

way Blood Royale is played, and allows players to

quickly come to grip with the rules. The Optional
Rules present some ideas for ways in which the game
might be built on, allowing for a greater level of
A game of dynastic conflict by complexity. Many players will be able to develop
further ideas of their own.
Derek Carver
3 to 5 players can play Blood Royale. Most games will
last from three to four hours, with each turn
INTRODUCTION representing a five-year period lasting about half an
hour. However, if the players choose, they can make
Blood Royale is a game of treachery, double-dealing, the game last for as long as they like.
power-politics, dynastic aggrandisement and open
warfare, set in the world of 14th century Europe. It is Blood Royale is not a wargame as such. Although
a strategic-level political 'wargame', with a high conflict is a permanent feature, combat is normally
level of player interaction, and almost unlimited restricted to skirmishing rather than all-out war. As
scope for co-operation and deception, alliances and was the case during the period in which the game
treachery. It is also similar to conventional is set, the most successful countries will be those
boardgames, whereby players can pursue objectives who fight small, short wars to achieve specific goals...
based on trade, finance and planning. Since the game is and win them.
played out with individual characters, it is even a Neither is Blood Royale a simulation. The game is
game of roleplay ing, with each player representing the intended to have the 'feel' of 14th century Europe,
abstract concept of a Royal Dynasty. but the countries depicted conform to their present-
Each player's object is to increase the power of his day appearance, rather than to the actual geography
realm and his exchequer, and to secure his Dynastic of the time, and the divisions of each country have
line. This is done by trade, military adventuring, and been simplified. Also, the very nature of the game
by arranging marriages for his children. means that players will not be playing the actual
characters of the period. So - be warned; both history
Blood Royale has been designed to be played by and geography have been tampered with!
beginners and experienced players. The Basic Game
THE BASIC GAME (11) The Interphase - Taxation 11 (23) Special Rules For Less Than Five
(12) The Interphase Players 18
(1) Game Equipment 3 The Map 3 - Placing Resources 11 Combat With 'Non-Player'
The Playing Pieces 4 Countries 18
Money 4 (13) The Interphase - Maintaining and (24) The Degree of Secrecy In
(2) Setting I p The Game 4 Raising Armies and Fleets 12 The Game 18
(3) Winning The Game 5 (14) The Movement Phase - Player (25) Special Rules and Advice For The
(4) The Sequence of Play 5 Order 12 Beginning Of The Game 18
(5) A Full Game Turn 5 (15) The Movement Phase - Events 12
(6) The Dynastic Sequence - Birth 6 Event Table 12 Effects of
Character Sheets 6 Effects of Events 12 Random Provinces OPTIONAL RULES
Characteristics ~* I'sing The Tables 13
Prince Pieces 7 (16) The Movement Phase- (A) The Four Character Start 19
C7) The Dynastic Sequence - Death ^ Movement 13 (B) Characteristic Rolls For The King
(8) The Dynastic Sequence - Armies, Kings and Princes 13 And Queen 20
Marriage 7 Marriage Fleets 14 (C) Disputed Succession 20
Contracts 8 The Effects Resource Items 14 (D) Movement of Trade Items 20 (E)
of (I"7) Controlling Provinces 14 Event Cards 20
Characteristics 8 (18) Capitals 15 Shuffling The Pack 20
Marriage and the (19) Combat 15 Rebellions 20
Succession 8 Marriages Effects of the Presence of Storms 21
and Children 9 Royal Pieces 15 Bidding and Investing 21
(9) Succession 9 Fleeing From Battle 16 Inheritance of Neutral
Female Succession 9 Disputed Retreats 16 Provinces/Kingdoms 21
Succession 10 Penalties For Surrender 16 Fighting Neutrals 21
Passing Over Captured Royal Characters 16 Pretenders and Bastards 21 (F)
A Legitimate Heir 10 Capitals 16 Neutral Provinces 22 (G) Governing
Controlling Two To The Winner The Spoils 16 Provinces 22 (H) Extra Event/Movement
Countries 10 Procedure Alliances 16 Phase 23 (I) Changing Capitals/Resource
In The Case Of A Naval Combat 16 Areas 23
Minor Ascending The (20) Negotiations 16
Throne 11 Foreign Intervention 17 Design Notes - The Optional Rules and Strategy Hints 23
(10) End Of Dynastic Sequence 11 (21) Cashing-In Resource Items 17 Some Tips For Naming Dynasties and Characters 24
(22) Ending The Game 17
COMPONENTS THE BASIC GAME
Within this box you should find the following (1) Game Equipment
components: The Map
A six-piece, jig-cut playing board, showing a map of The playing surface of Blood Royale is a map representing
Western Europe, and additional game information. Western and Central Europe, showing the countries of
1 King piece for each country (five in all) 5 Prince England, Spain, France, Germany and Italy. The border
pieces for each country (twenty-five in all) 20 Army of each country is depicted in a particular colour, as
counters for each country (one hundred in all) 4 Ship follows:
counters for each country (twenty in all). One sheet of Green England
30 stickers Yellow Spain
These playing pieces and counters are colour coded for Blue France
the different countries: Green (England), Purple (Italy), Orange Germany
Yellow (Spain), Blue (France) and Orange (Germany). Purple Italy

I Fifteen 'metals' resource counters

Fifteen 'cloths' resource counters
Fifteen 'foodstuffs' resource counters
Each country is divided into ten provinces. These
provinces affect many parts of the game. Control of a
Province is governed by the rules in Section 17. Certain
Ten semi-luxury resource counters Provinces carry an additional marker, which will be one
Five luxury resource counters of the following:
12 Famine Markers
18 Rebellion Markers 25 Control Markers
15 Neutral Markers (Optional rules) 2 Mercenary
Captain counters (Optional Rules) 10 Neutral Army
counters (Optional Rules)
1 Year Turn Marker
5 Player Order counters
96 coins, in the following denominations: 4x 50
Crowns, 12x 25 Crowns, I6x 10 Crowns (silver) 24x 5
Crowns, I6x 3 Crowns, 24x 1 Crown (bronze) A pad of
100 Crown notes
A pad of character sheets A pad
of Marriage Contracts
One pack of 63 Event Cards (Optional Rules) 4
dice - 3 six-sided dice, and 1 ten-sided dice

This rulebook...
You will certainly find it useful to have a supply of scrap
paper and some pens or pencils handy. Some record
Each Capital serves as the location of the Dynastic court,
and as a castle (see Capitals (18)). Each resource area is
Example 1=
keeping is necessary in this game. the source of the relevant resource, which will be It is the 1335 Turn.
produced each turn for the purposes of trade (see Placing In the 'Year
Resource Items (12)). Ending- 0'box are
Copyright © 1987 Games Workshop Limited
The Turn Record Chart 8 Amy counters,
If any components are damaged or missing please write and in the
to: Blood Royale, Games Workshop, Chewton Street, Hill The Turn Record Chart serves two functions ; first it shows 'YearEndings' box
Top, Eastwood, Nottinghamshire NG16 3HY, and indicate which year the current turn is, and second it is used to are 4 Army
which components are missing or damaged. store Army counters that have been removed from the counters. During
map due to combat or plague. the Interphase of
Questions about this game will be answered by Games
Workshop if accompanied by an A5-sized, stamped, self- The Year Track Marker should be placed on the year the 1335 turn the 4
addressed envelope or 2 international reply coupons. coloumn, so that the current turn's year is showing just Army counters in
Questions must be typed or legibly printed. Please try above it. At the end of each turn, it should be moved the 'Year Ending-
to ask your questions in such a way that they can be down the coloumn so that the year for the next turn is 5'box are returned
answered 'yes' or 'no', or so that they can be answered showing. to the respective
with a short reference. Although we welcome andenjoy
playersforce pools.
Army counters that have been removed from the map In the Movement
comments and suggestions about the game system, we
due to combat or plague are not available to be rebuilt Phase of the
cannot promise to respond to questions on theory or
during the next turn, players will have to wait 10 years 13351\am a total of
design intent.
before they can replace these loses. To keep track of which 12 Army counters
Army counters cannot be rebuilt players should use the are lost due to
CREDITS* Dead Army Counters boxes on the map-board in the combat. These are
following manner:
Invented by: Derek Carver placed
At the start of the Interphase any Army counters that are in
the box with the 'Year Ending' number corresponding Ending - 5' box on
Development: Paul Cockburn, Jervis 'You've got me
drunk again' Johnson the mapboard. They
Art and Illustration: Stephen Dukes (board an), Dave box and placed beside the gameboard. will return to the
'Super Star' Andrews & Colin 'Cavalier' Dixon players force pools
(counter art) During the Movement Phase, any Army counters that are at the start of the
Graphic Design: (everything else) Charles 'Dewbury' removed from the map are placed in the box with the Interphase of the
Elliott and Bil 'Gobbledigook' Sedgwick 'Year Ending' number corresponding to the last digit of 1345 turn.
the current turn, (see example 1)
The Holy Landbox is only used with the Optional Rules,
ignore it when playing the basic game.
 The Playing Pieces (See Note I) Money
,Vnte.-1——— Certain playing pieces are colour-coded, and can only There are two types of money in the game; plastic
The Capital, be used by the player running that country: coins and paper notes.
Mercenary
Captain and
Neutral Army
are not used
in the Basic
game. Some of
the resource
items have a
black
background.
These should
not be treated
differently in
the basic
Game. The
background
distinguishes
these Resource
Items for use
with Optional
Rule (I).

The Dice:
Blood Royale
includes 3 six-
sided dice
(numbered 1
to 6) and 1
ten-sided dice Before playing the game for the first time, the plastic
(numbered 1 The use of the various game pieces will be described
pieces need to have their stickers affixed. Each set of six in the relevant sections of the rules.
to 10). The identically-coloured plastic pieces has a set of six stickers,
ten-sided dice marked 'K' and '!', '2', '3', '4' and '5'. Peel the stickers
is only ever off the backing sheet, and fix to the plastic pieces. (2) Setting Up The Game (See Note 2)
used when
rolling on the The remaining pieces are usable by any player: Each player controls a country and a family Dynasty.
Ramdom To begin the game, each player should select the
Province Table country he controls. This can be done by any agreed
method, although the simplest things is for each
player to draw one King piece from a cup or other
container, and to take that country. You can then place
the King piece in the capital.
Place the playing area on a suitable surface, and
arrange the players so that each is sitting
conveniently for the country he or she controls.
Each player should then take the other colour-coded
pieces for the country they control, and place them
conveniently to hand in front of them (if this is the
first game with this new set, you will need to place
the stickers on the playing pieces; each country should
have one King 'K', and 5 Princes '1-5'.)
The Year Turn marker should be placed in the 1300
box on the Year Track. The other counters and the
Marriage Contracts should be placed somewhere close
to hand. Ignore the Event Cards and the counters from
the Advanced Game.
Place the money in a convenient place to one side of
the board. This money forms the bank or Treasury, into
which payments will be made for players' Armies,
Fleets, etc, and from which they will draw revenue.
Each player will require three characters to begin the
Note 2—— game with. These characters will be recorded on the
Character Sheets provided. The three starting
If there are less characters in each Dynasty are:
than 5 players, A King aged 25 (born in 1275)
the rules in A Queen aged 20 (born in 1280)
Section 23 One child, aged 5 (born 1295). The child's sex
should be read
before play
stares.

should be determined by rolling a die: on a result of

1-3 the character is male, on a 4-6. female.
Fill out the character sheets as in the example that follows. (4). The Sequence of Play
You will have to choose a Dynastic name for your family
and Christian names for all the members of the family
(there are some suggested names at the end of these rules). A) DYNASTIC SEQUENCE:
Each character must then be given the three Characteristic Births Survival Marriages
ratings. For the King and Queen these can be regarded Announcements
as Normal. For the child, you must establish the B) INTERPHASE
characteristics by rolling three dice, three times, and Taxation
comparing the result to the following table: Placing Resources Removing Famine
counters Removing Rebellions by
payment Maintaining Forces Raising
Forces
C) MOVEMENT:
Event *
Movement
Event
Movement
(3). Winning The Game (Event)
(Movement)
Before the game starts, players should decide how long it
will last. You can either play for a set period of 'real' D) CASHING IN RESOURCES
time (eg, three hours), or for a set period of 'game' time
(measured in units of five years). As a guide, each five
year turn should take about 20-30 minutes - although (5). A Full Game Turn
your first game is bound to be much slower than this.
A: Each game turn start with the Dynastic
At the end of the game, the player with the most money Sequence.
wins. A final cashing in of resources is allowed after the First, players will establish whether any children
last turn (see Ending The Game (22)). have been born to marriages in their Dynasty. If this
If you wish to play a sequence of games, each following happens, aCharacter Sheet should be created for the new
on from the last, each player should record the amount character (see Birth (6)).
on money he or she has at the end of a session, and the
winner of each session will then be the player who has
increased his or her wealth by the greatest percentage.
 Also, players will need to see if their characters In a 3-player game, players should repeat steps 1-4, for a
survive the turn, by making a Survival Roll (see Death). third round of Events, Movement and Combat.
Characters who fail this roll are removed from the game.
Should a reigning monarch die, his/her successor will D: The Full Game Turn ends with Cashing In
Resources (see Ending The Game (22)
If more than one ascend the throne (see Succession (9)).
child is bom to Third, players arrange marriages for their Dynasty's (6). The Dynastic Sequence - Birth
the same parents children (see Marriages (8)). Characters cannot actually Each Player rolls two dice for each married couple in
during the same marry until they are 15 years old, although marriages their Dynasty. On a result of 7 or higher, a child is born
year (ie, the can be arranged for them at any time - even before they in that Year Turn.
player makes are born!
additional Birth During the Dynastic Sequence, players have the chance
Rolls), the Year At the end of the Dynastic Sequence, players must to increase the size of their Dynasties through births.
of Birth space on Announce the events that have occurred within their Each married couple controlled by a player is capable of
the Dynasty. They must give a verbal report to all the other producing children, so long as the female partner is 50
character sheet players of the Births, Marriages and Deaths (including years old or younger (although Birth rolls should not be
of the second the succession of any new rulers), so that players who made if either partner is being held prisoner).
child should be were otherwise occupied with their own affairs will know
filled in with a what is going on. At this point, any widows (except Each five-year turn, during the Dynastic Sequence, each
date one year Queens) are returned to their original ruling house (see player with married couples within his or her Dynasty
later than the Deaths (7)). Players should also announce the may make Birth Rolls for each wife aged 50 years or
current turn (ie, Characteristic Scores for new characters born that year. younger. To discover if a birth has taken place within
1301 in the first These scores are never secret, and should be revealed that marriage, the player should roll two dice. If the result is
turn, 1306 in the for other characters if requested. 7 or more, a child has been born.
second, etc), and B: There follows the Interphase. This The player may then make up to two more additional
a third child's comprises: die rolls for each married couple (regardless or not their
Year of Birth first die roll was successful). Each of these additional
should be two 1. Taxation rolls takes one point away from the wife's Constitution
years later. This is 2. Placing of New Resources Characteristic (see below) for that 5-year turn only. In
important when 3. Removal of Famine Markers other words, excessive child-bearing lessens the mother's
it comes to 4. Removal of Rebellion markers at a cost of chance of survival.
determining 15 crowns per province
Succession to the 5. Maintaining existing armies and fleets The births generated by this process do not represent
Throne. 6. Raising new armies and fleets. all the live births a female character has during her life,
since a great many children born in the 14th Century
During the first turn only items 1, 2 and 6 apply. did not survive to become adults. This process represents
only those births where the children will live to be 15
years old. Players will note that no Survival Rolls have
As with the Dynastic Sequence, all the players can perform to be made for a character until he or she has reached
these actions at the same time, although each player must the age of 15.
go through points 1-6 in the sequence in order (taxation,
raising new resources, removal of famine tokens, removal Character Sheets
of rebellion tokens (optional), maintaining armies/fleets, For each new character brought into the game, the player
raising armies/fleets). must fill out a character sheet.
C: Then come the Movement Turns. These As explained under Setting Up (2), three character sheets
should take place in the following order: have to be made out to start the game. Each time there
1. The 5 Player Order markers should be placed is a birth, the controlling player must also make out new
in a cup or similar container, and a player character sheets for these new characters.
should draw one, and show it to the other To explain the procedure fully we will describe the
players. The country indicated by the marker making of a Character Sheet for a newly born child.
will play through the Movement Phase first. Having made a successful Birth Roll, the player should
2. The player of the country- revealed by this then roll a single die to establish the sex of the child.
draw then rolls one dice, and compares the On a result of 1-3, the new character is male, and on a
result to the Events Table (see Events (15)). 4-6 result, the character is female. Players may make this
The Event occurs immediately. sex determination die roll before they decide whether
Unlike the Year or not to make additional Birth die rolls (see above - a
of Birth space, 3. The first player takes his or her turn to move family producing too many girls might choose to make
the Year Track and resolve any attacks (see Movement (16) an extra effort in the hope of producing a boy to ensure a
should only and Combat (19)). trouble-free Succession).
carry the dates 4. The first player then draws another The player should then roll three dice three times to
of successive Player Order Marker from the container, to generate the Characteristics for the new character.
game turns. establish the second player (the drawn Compare the resulting dice score to the following table
Thus, for the Markers should be placed to one side until to find the Characteristic scores for Strength/Guile,
second child they have all been drawn). The second player Constitution and Charisma.
born to a then takes his or her t u r n to move and
married couple resolve combat, and to draw the next Player
in the year Order Marker. This continues until all players
1320, the player have taken a turn to move and resolve combat.
would write
1321 in the Year 5. The Player Order Markers are then
of Birth space, returned to the container, and steps 1-4 should
but 1320, 1325, be followed through a second time, with the
1330 and 1335 first player making the roll for Events, and
The character sheet can then be completed, as follows:
in the first four each player taking a t u r n to move and resolve
spaces of the any combats. YEAR OF BIRTH: This can be filled in with the date of
Year Track. the current turn (ie, 1300 for the first turn, 1305 for the
second turn, etc) as indicated by the turn track (See
Note _ i )
BORN: The top box on the Character Sheet's year track piece is freed, the oldest Prince not represented by a piece
should be filled in with the year of the current turn (1300 should now use the one that has been freed.
in the first turn, etc). Each successive box underneath
If a Prince character of one Dynasty becomes controlled
should be filled in with the year of successive turns (1305,
by the player of another Dynasty (because of a Marriage Mathilde (-2
1310, 1315 etc), at least up until the year in which the
Contract or the play of an Event Card), his playing piece Guile) marries
child is 15. As the character ages, additional dates should
should be swapped for one of the 'new' Dynasty, and Francisco (-1
be filled in as required. (See Note 4)
the change in the playing piece recorded. If there is no Strength).
SEX: As determined above. free playing piece of the 'new' Dynasty, the character Francisco is now
cannot be represented on the board, is assumed to be effectively -2 in
NAME: Each child must be given a Christian name of the combat. The
player's choice moved to the 'new' Dynasty's capital, and cannot move
until a piece becomes available. Spanish player
DYNASTY: Write the name of the father's Dynasty, now has an even
followed by the mother's and father's names. A child will (7). The Dynastic Sequence - Death more useless
normally carry the father's Dynastic name, although the Each turn, players should make Survival Rolls for all
war-leader - so
children of a female character who is a Queen in her own adult characters. If the roll is failed, the character dies
there had better
right will carry her Dynastic name. and is removed from the game.
have been some
good reason
TITLE: This space is not used in the Basic Game. In the second part of the Dynastic Sequence, Survival why he married
CHARACTERISTICS - Strength/Guile, Constitution, Rolls are made for all characters in a player's Dynasty her in the first
Charisma: As determined above. The importance of the aged 15 or older. This will determine which characters place...
different characteristics is explained below. will survive for a further five years (ie, go forward to the
forthcoming Movement Rounds).
PRINCENUMBER: This refers to the playing piecewhich is
used to represent a male character when moving about the On the Character Sheet's, the players should record the
current year insuccessive boxes on the Year Track. This A mother aged
board. It should read either 'K' for the King, or be 30 needs 4 or
numbered 1- 5 to match one of the playing pieces for that immediately shows, to the left, how old the character
is. It also shows, to the right, the number the player is more to survive.
country. It should not be filled in when the child is first She started with
born, but only when a male child reaches the age of 20. required to roll on two dice for that character to survive
the Dynastic Sequence. Thus a character born in 1310 a Constitution
When a royal male character reaches the age of 20, he would be 2 5 in 13 3 5, and would have to make a Survival of+1, but has
must be placed on the board in a Home Province, using Roll of 4 or more to stay in the game. made two
one of the numbered Prince pieces (see Using The Prince additional
Pieces, below). He can subsequently be moved, and can Each player rolls 2 dice for each character, clearly attempts to
command Army counters in battle. indicating which character he or she is rolling for. The produce children,
result of this die roll must be modified by any plus or reducing her
Effects of Characteristics minus from that character's constitution score (and this Constitution for
Strength/Guile affects the Outcome of Battles must include any additional penalty a female character that turn to -1.
Constitution affects the length of time characters will has through attempting to produce additional children The player rolls
live in the game. Charisma affects Rebellionsandbrings that turn). (See Example 4) 7, which is
cash rewards/penalties for female characters in Survival Rolls may also be required for characters suffering modified to 6.
marriage the effects of Plague (see Events (15)) or as a result of defeat in
She has rolled
Battle (see Combat (19)).
higher than the
STRENGTH/GUILE: Boys have the former and girls the required 4, and
latter. This affects a male character's performance in battle If a character does not survive, his or her Character Sheet is so survives.
(sec Combat (19)) His wife's rating is added to (or torn or crossed through, and any playing piece used to
subtracted from) his. Since characters can never be rated represent that character on the board is removed. Any
higher than + 2 or lower than-2, if a wife's score would Marriage Contract still in effect through that character's
modify the husband's score outside of this range, the marriage is terminated. If a dead character leaves a
excess is ignored. (See Example 3) surviving spouse who came originally from another
Dynasty, that character is returned (see Marriage (8)), with Survival rolls are
CONSTITUTION: This affects the character's chances one exception. The widow of a King is simply retired not required for
of Survival. A -2 score means that the character is from the game (Queen mothers cannot re-marry). children bom
unhealthy whilst at the other end of the scale + 2 means that turn, nor for
that the character is healthy and should be long lived
If a King or Queen dies, a new Monarch comes to the children aged 5
(see Death (7)).
Throne (see Succession (9)). or 10. Characters
If a Dynasty dies out, a player may start a new Dynasty, automatically
CHARISMA: This represents the character's popularity. following the rules under Setting Up (2). The new Dynasty survive to the
A 2 means that rebellions arc most likely wherever that starts with the money left by the previous one, and age of 15.
character goes, whereas + 2 implies popular support and controls the Provinces left under the control of the
far less chance of rebellions (see Events (15)). previous Dynasty. (See Note 5) If you are
In addition, if Brides have a Charisma score of +1, their beginning
husband's Dynasty will receive 30 Crowns from the (8). The Dynastic Sequence - Marriage players, it is
Treasury at the time of their wedding (this becomes 60 advised that you
Crowns if the bride is + 2). Conversely, a character Players may arrange marriages for any unmarried do not make
marrying a girl with -1 Charisma will cost his Dynasty adult characters. These marriages should be the subject Survival
30 Crowns (which becomes 60 Crowns for a -2 score of a Marriage Contract. Rollsforyour
sec Marriage (8)). King until the
All characters can enter into marriage from the age of 1310 turn at the
Using The Prince Pieces 15. When the 'wedding' takesplace, the player with the earliest. This will
female character passes her character sheet to the player avoid the slight
As stated above, whenever a male character in a Dynasty with the male character, who will decide on all future
reaches the age of 20, the player should place a Prince
possibility of a
actions for that character (until either partner dies - see King dying in the
piece on the board in a Home Province. The player should below). Marriages can be arranged before either partner is
record the Prince Number on the playing piece on the
first turns, whilst
15 - even before characters have been born! - but the you are still
Prince's Character Sheet Marriage Contract only becomes binding once the mastering the
It there are already five Prince playing pieces of that characters are actually wed, which cannot be before they basic routines.
Dynasty on theboard, the 'new' Prince cannot be placed are both 15 or older.
on the board That character remains in the capital, and Because the game embraces just a small number of
may not be moved. If a King or Prince dies and a play ing families, the only other restriction on marriages is that
two characters carrying the same Dynastic name may The Effects of Characteristics
not marry. In the right circumstances, this might mean,
for example, that a man could marry his niece or even A bride's Guile score should be added to her husband's
his grandchild, but we have to turn a blind eye to this! Strength score.
Brides with positive or negative Charisma scores bring
Marriage Contracts a cash bonus/penalty to their husband's player of 30
Marriage Contracts are binding agreements between Crowns x the Charisma score.
players, and should be written out on the blank A character marrying a King or Queen or a character
Marriage Contracts provided. who later becomes King or Queen brings a 100 Crowns
bonus to his or her Dynasty.
Marriages can be - and usually are - subject to a Marriage
Contract. The nature of these contracts is extremely Brides confer additional military strength
varied. They can cover agreements about trade, safe bonuses/penalties to their husbands in accordance to their
passage of trade, non-aggression, exchange of land, Guile rating (see Birth - Characteristics (6)). A bride with a
exchange of goods, money, etc. Anything is permitted + 2 Guile score who married a character with a 0
in a Marriage Contract that does not contravene the game (normal) Strength rating, would make him effectively +
rules. These contracts cannot be broken under any 2 as long as the Marriage lasted (see Combat (19)).
circumstances. For as long as the marriage exists (ie, whilst However, a bride can never modify a husband's score
both partners remain alive), the conditions of the above +2 or below -2.
Marriage Contract apply. Brides with a positive Charisma score bring a cash benefit
There may be circumstances in which a player finds it to their husbands, and those with a minus rating bring a
impossible to meet one of the conditions of a Marriage cash penalty. At the time of the wedding, a bride with a
Contract that is entered into in good faith. Obviously, if +1 score confers a 30 Crown benefit on the player of the
Player A has agreed to send a clothing trade item to male character, and a bride with + 2 Charisma confers a 60
Player B each turn as part of a marriage treaty, and Crown benefit. This can be thought of as a donation from
subsequently loses the supply centre that produces that the happy people of the player's country. If the bride has a
item, then that player is going to find it very difficult negative score, thentheplayer of themale character must
to meet that obligation. Similarly, if Player A agrees a pay 30 Crowns to the Treasury for a -1 Charisma bride,
mutual non-aggression clause with Player B, and a mutual and 60 Crowns for a -2 Charisma bride. This
support in time of war clause with Player C, that player represents the extra money that has to be spent for anyone
is going to be in grave difficulty if Player B declares war in the country to recognise that this was such a good
on C. idea...
There is no penalty if a player becomes incapable of If a bride marries a King or a Prince who later becomes a
meeting an obligation in a Marriage Contract through King, the player from whose Dynasty she came receives
no fault of his or her own. However, players may never 100 Crowns from the Treasury, either at the time of the
place themselves deliberately in such a situation. In the marriage or when the male character succeeds to the
examples above, Player A may not sell the clothing trade throne. The same applies to a male child who marries a
good to another player as long as it is contracted to another Queen or a Princess who becomes a Queen in her own
player. With a bit of experience, players will learn to right (ie, succeeds to her Dynastic throne). The people
include clauses in the contract which allow for the of the player's country are showing their delight at such a
possibility of a later problem. Player A could state that fortunate match.
the clothing trade item will be sent to Player B for as long Marriage and the Succession
as the supply centre is in Player A's hands (which would
have the beneficial effect of ensuring that B assisted him in Players must guard against losing control of their
holding onto it); likewise, Player A could exclude Dynasty's Crown through another player's character
support for any war between B and C when signing the inheriting the Throne.
mutual support treaty with C. Each player must try to protect the interests of his or her
Players should also make every effort to fulfil the Marriage Dynasty. If a player is short of sons (or his sons are
Contract. Stalling or finding excuses not to do something somewhat sickly!), hemust look to his daughters. If they
that is part of a Marriage Contract, even if this places are to marry, the player can try to ensure that the Marriage
the player at a disadvantage, is against the spirit of the Contract includes a clause that says that the prince
game. relinquishes any claim to his own Dynastic throne, and
that any children of the marriage will be brought up as
The details of the Marriage Contract should be written part of the bride's Dynasty.
on the blank Contracts provided. The terms must be
precise. If there is a fixed term for any clause, this must If the two players agree that the husband will join the
be clearly stated. Likewise, if there is a starting date for a female character's Dynasty, the husband's character sheet
part of the agreement (such as a regular exchange of should be given to the player of the female character.
Trade Items), this should be recorded as part of the He can fight as a prince of her country and any children
Contract. (See Example 5) of the marriage - whether they carry his Dynastic name
or his wife's - will be treated just as if they were the children
of a male character. This could lead to situations where a
Prince did battle against his father - history has many
examples of this!
Should a married female character ascend the throne,
her husband will become Consort, and - if not already
the case - the player controlling the Queen's original
Dynasty will take control of the Queen, her Consort,
and any children of the marriage. The only benefit to
the male character's original player is the 100 Crown
payment for a marriage to a monarch (see above).
If a player finds no other player will provide him with
amarriage under these conditions, he may end up without a
Kingdom, and another player may end up w i t h
characters ruling two Kingdoms (see Succession -
Controlling Two Countries (9)).
Marriages and Children King was. The change in the piece representing the
character should be recorded on the character sheet (by
The children of a marriage are always brought up by the substituting a 'K' for the prince's number).
male character's Dynasty, except where the Marriage
Contract says otherwise, or in cases where the wife Female Succession
becomes Queen of her original country (see Succession A female character who becomes Queen is always
(9)). controlled by that country's player; if she is married,
(9). Succession and controlled by another player when she becomes
Queen, she is returned to her original player, alongwith
When a King dies, the next-in-line comes to the Throne. her husband - the Consort - and any children of the
In the majority of cases, the act of succession is quite marriage.
straightforward. The King dies and his eldest son becomes If the new Queen is married to a King, or a character
King. who becomes King, a Dynastic Union takesplace, and
the player of the male character takes control of both
But on the occasions where there is no obvious candidate countries.
for the throne, it is necessary to search wider for the
successor (making use of the parents' names and Year When a Queen ascends the throne, the rules of Succession
of Birth information on the Character Sheets). become slightly more complicated. The King piece is
removed from the board, since the Queen may never leave
The order of Succession is as follows: her capital. Her Charisma rating is still used for Rebellions
(see Events (15)), and she performs all other functions of
The eldest son then down through his a King, though she may not be moved from the capital, or
family, boys and then girls; lead armies.
The second son and down through his
family - first the boys then the girls; In addition, if the Queen is married, and controlled by
The third son, and so on; aNother player at the time she inherits the throne, she
The eldest daughter and down through the is returned to her original Dynasty at once. She brings
sons in her family, then the girls; any unmarried children from the marriage, and her
The second daughter, and so on. husband, who is then Prince Consort. His Prince piece
is swapped for one in the Queen's country's colour, and
(See Example 6) this is placed in the Queen's capital. To all intents and
purposes, all these characters are now controlled as
If no successor can be traced, the King is assumed to have a normal by the Queen's player.
relative, who can then be created and played by that
Dynasty's player. This relative is 5 years younger than If a married Queen dies, her Consort is returned to his
the deceased King (or 20 years old - whichever is the original Dynasty, in the same way as most female
older), is married to a wife 5 years younger than himself, characters return to their original Dynasty when their
and has a child for every five years of their marriage, husbands die (see Marriage (8)). The children of the
starting from when the male character was 20. The player marriage stay with the late Queen's player.
should create Character Sheets for the new royal family.
The exception to all this is when the Queen is married
When a Prince ascends the throne, the controlling player [Link] becomes King of another
should at once exchange the King piece for the Prince's country. In this case, control of the King, Queen, and
piece on the board. The King piece can either be placed in all children of the marriage remains or reverts to the male
the capital, in the province where the Prince was before the character's player. In such a case, too, a Dynastic Union
Succession, or in the province where the previous would have taken place, and the male character's plaver
would be in control of two countries (see below). To avoid Penalties for Passing Over A Legitimate Heir
this, a player may pass over a female character as a Queen, in
a Disputed Succession (see below). If a player passes over a legitimate heir, allothermale
characters in his or her Dynasty receive a -1 Penalty
Disputed Succession to Strength. Male characters in the Dynasty controlling
Players may choose to pass the rightful heir to the throne in the passed-over character have a +1 bonus to Strength
only two circumstances; if the character is a prisoner, or if when in combat with the 'usurper' Dynasty.
the character is a female, and married to a foreign If a player passes over an heir to the Throne because she is
character (and controlled by another player as a result). a female character married into another Dynasty, all
There are penalties for doing so. male characters in the player's Dynasty fight with a -1
A player can pass over a character who is the legitimate penalty to their Strength score (which can reduce a
heir to the throne in certain rare circumstances. These character's Strength below -2; see Birth - Effects of
are when: Characteristics (6)) for as long as the legitimate heir to
a) the heir is a prisoner in another country, or the throne, or her heirs, is still alive. This represents the
b) the heir is a female character controlled by resistance of the country's population to the wrongful
another player as a result of a Marriage. succession.
Additionally, the Dynasty controlling the rightful heir
There are likely to be penalties to be paid in the form of has a +1 bonus to Strength for all its characters whenever
unrest at home or antagonism from abroad, but a player they are fighting the 'usurper' Dynasty. This penalty too is
might feel these were preferable to allowing the retained by the player's Dynasty for as long as the
succession to follow a female line, or to allowing a King legitimate heir to the throne, or her heirs, is still alive.
to come to the throne when he is a captive.
A player controlling a passed-over character must agree
If the heir is a prisoner, and the player does not pass over to renounce the claim of a passed-over character, or her
that character, the player will be running an increased heirs, as part of a Marriage Contract with the 'usurper'
risk of Rebellion through the King being away from the Dynasty. Alternatively, it is possible for there to be a rival
Capital (see Events (15)). claimant to the throne for the rest of the game - making
the player's task permanently difficult. It would be as
Players are more likely to want to pass over a female well to arrange for a marriage contract by which the rival
character for the Succession, when she is married to a renounces the claim as soon as possible (this dropping
Foreign King, or a Foreign Prince who might come to of the claim would last even after the end of the Marriage
inherit his own Throne. Contract).
Normally, a female character who comes to the Throne If a player chooses to pass over a rightful male heir who is
would be returned to her original Dynasty, bringing with being held prisoner by another player, all his or her
her her Consort and any children of the marriage. By male characters fight with the -1 Strength penalty, as
compensation, all the other player receives is the 100 outlined above. Additionally, the Monarch receives a
Crowns for having a character married to a Monarch (see penalty to his or her Charisma score, representing the
above and Marriage and the Succession (8)). However, factions that will cause trouble once they have been given a
the complication arises when the Consort is a King, or 'cause'. The player should roll a die. A result of 1-3 means the
becomes King while still married to the female character. new monarch's Charisma is reduced by -1, and a result of 4-
In this case, a Dynastic Union has taken place, and the 6 reduces it by -2 (this may reduce the character's
player with the male character will have gained control of Charisma score to -3 or -4!). This penalty cannot be
both countries (see Controlling Two Countries, below). inherited by any of the new monarch's heirs, but can
A player with a female character who is likely to ascend reduce the monarch's Charisma below -2. (See
the throne (ie, is the heir presumptive) can attempt to Example 8)
insist on a clause in any potential Marriage Contract
whereby the husband renounces any claim to the throne of Controlling Two Countries
his home country. In this way, the husband will come to If a Dynastic Union takes place, because the Queen of
live with the female character, and will become Consort if one country ismarried to the King of another, themale
she becomes Queen; the children of the marriage will character's player will control both countries.
also remain within the mother's Dynasty. (See
Example 7) For the player controlling two countries, there are
obvious advantages, and some disadvantages. The player
These rules only apply for matters of Succession when a controlling the 'annexed' country has complete control
reigning Monarch dies. Monarchs may not abdicate, nor be over it (and can therefore tax, raise trade items, raise
deposed. troops, etc). Existing Army and Fleet counters on the map
remain in play, controlled now by the new player. The
Player Order marker for the controlled country should
be placed to one side; in the Movement Phase the Army If the legitimate heir to the Throne is less than 15, a
and Fleet counters will be moved at the same time as those Regency is established. The player can bring in any other
of the controlling country. character to act as Regent (if he or she is of age). If none
are available, a baron or cousin of the late King is created.
However, the unrest a foreign ruler causes will have a He is 5 years younger than the late King (or 30 years old,
negative effect. Apply a -2 modifier on the monarch's whichever is older), and characteristic die rolls are made Continuing
Charisma when rolling for Rebellion in any Home for him. example 7
Province in the annexed country (this can reduce a above, having
character's Charisma below -2 - see Events (15)). This If an existing character is made Regent, he or she merely made the
continues for as long as the country is ruled by a' foreign' assumes the role of King and all its vested powers until decision to pass
monarch (ie, a character who is controlled by a different the true King reaches 15. At that time, the character reverts over a rightful
player). to his normal role. If a character was created to be made heir, the French
Regent, he is simply retired from the game at this stage. player now has
Also, the foreign monarch may raise only 1 Army per He has no wife, does not marry and produces no children
a -1 modifier on
controlled Province, and not two. all male
as far as the game is concerned. characters'
Since Rebellion can be costly, and might even spread into (10). End of Dynastic Sequence Strength for as
the player's own country, and since the annexed country long as isabette
might be more difficult to defend, a player in this position Players should inform each other of all Births, Deaths or any of her
might prefer to abandon any rights to it, and allow a new and Marriages which took place during the Dynastic heirs are still
Monarch to be established by the 'landless' player. The Phase. alive, and have
not renounced
player must return all Home Provinces (but not captured At the end of the Dynastic Sequence, players must their claim. The
ones, necessarily), unless a Marriage Contract can be Announce what has happened to their Royal House. In Spanish player
arranged which ceded certain Provinces to his or her other words, they must give a verbal report on Births, will have a +1
control. Deaths and Marriages, so that players who have been bonus for his
otherwise occupied with their own affairs know what male
If a player lost control of country because his or her
has been happening. It is at this stage that any the brides
character's
Dynasty died out, the player should be allowed to
of dead Princes (or the husbands of deceased female
Strength for the
establish a new Dynasty, following the procedure same period,
followed when no heir can be found (see above). characters) are returned to their original Dynasty. whenever he is
Players must include the information about new in combat with
On the other hand, if a player remains landless for any characters' Characteristic scores. These are never kept the French. The
length of time, he or she is in real difficulties, though secret. French player
the player might have hopes of regaining the throne decides he must
through normal rules of Succession. In the meantime, (11). The Interphase - Taxation obtain a
that player can only continue in the game as a Baronial Players tax the Provinces they control; they may tax them
Marriage
Dynasty. At the time the player loses control of his or
Contract with
at either 5 Crowns or 7 Crowns per province. Spain as soon as
her country, he or she will still have control of the possible, in
During the Taxation phase each player receives 5 Crowns
Dynasty's money, and any Prince counters on the map.
for each province he controls (see Controlling Provinces which Isabelle
He or she would still be part of the Dynastic Sequence,
(17)), that is not affected by Famine or Rebellion (see Events
renounces her
but could only Raise Taxes or Trade Items with the express
(15)). Players may - if they wish - increase their tax revenue
claim.
permission of another player, who would forfeit the
by taking 7 Crowns per province; if they choose this
income from his own Tax or Trade revenues. The aim of
option, they must apply a-2 modifier when determining if
such a player would have to be to place one of his
a Rebellion breaks out during the Event section of the
children in an advantageous marriage, which inherited a
Movement Phase. Players must tax all their Provinces at
throne from another player through the normal rules of
either the 5 Crown or the 7 Crown rate - they may not
succession. The odds on this happening twice in a
tax provinces at different rates.
game are very slight, however, and the player could be
effectively out of the game. (See Example 9) Players should record their Taxation levels on scrap paper
and reveal their decisions simultaneously.
Procedure In The Case of a Minor Ascending The
Throne (12). The Interphase -PlacingResources
If a character who is less than 15 years old inherits the Players should place one Resource Item on each of the
throne, the player should establish a Regent, who will relevant Resource Areas on theboard. No Resource Item
be regarded as 'King'as far as the rules are concerned. should be placed in an area affected by Famine.
 Certain provinces are considered to be Resource Areas. 1. The 5 Player Order markers should be
They are marked on the board with the appropriate placed in a cup or similar container, and a
symbol, signifying that they are major producers or player should draw one, and show it to
importers of basic commodities - food, metal or cloth the other players. The country indicated
goods etc - or of finished goods - semi-luxury or luxury by the marker will play through the
items. Movement Phase first.
During the Placing Resources part of the Interphase, 2. The player of the country revealed by this
players shouldplace the appropriate Resource Counters draw then rolls one dice, and compares the
on every Resource Area which is not affected by Famine result to the Events Table (see Events (15)).
(see Events (15)). Therefore, a maximum total of nine The Event occurs immediately.
'basic', two semi-luxury and one luxury Trade Item
counters will be placed on the board each Interphase. 3. The first player takes his or her turn to
move and resolve any attacks (see Movement
Resource Item counters are placed on the board during (16) and Combat (19)).
the Interphase even if the Resource Area still contains
previously-placed counters. Only Famine - signified by a 4. The first player then draws another Player
Famine marker - automatically stops the production of Order Marker from the container, to establish
At the Resource Items in that province. Players may, however, the second player (the drawn Markers
beginning of the choose to destroy Resource Items in any Province they should be placed to one side until they have
Maintain/Raise control during any Movement Phase, prior to the all been drawn). The second player then
troops pan of resolution of any Combat. takes his or her turn to move and resolve
the Interphase in combat, and to draw the next Player Order
the First 5-year marker. This continues until all players have
Turn (1300), no taken a turn to move and resolve combat.
Army counters (13). The Interphase - Maintaining and
exist on the Raising Armies and Fleets 5. The Player Order markers are then
board -therefore returned to the container, and steps 1-4
Each player must pay 2 crowns for each Army counter should be followed through a second time,
all must be and Fleet they have on the map. The player may raise
Raised. Players with the first player making the roll for
new Armies or Fleets by paying 5 crowns. Events, and each player taking a turn to
should Raise the
troops they In the Maintaining Forces part of the Interphase, each move and resolve any combats.
require, spending player must pay 2 Crowns to maintain each of the Armies
money to do so, and Fleets he or she has on the map. This money is paid Note that their is only one event per Movement Phase,
and place these into the Treasury. Any Army Counters or fleets that are not one event per player.
troops in front of not maintained are removed from the map. When a player
them. If a pays maintainence for some, but not all, of their Army (15). The Movement Phase - Events
playerfinds counters or fleets, the player may decide which are to
other players be removed. The first player rolls a dice and compares the result with
have placed him the Events Table. The Event takes place immediately.
or her at a Each player may increase the size of his forces and replace Plague destroys armies, and characters away from the
disadvantage by losses by paying 5 Crowns for each additional Army and capital make Survival Rolls at -1.
the numbers they Fleet he wishes to place on the map. Each country has a Army counters must be moved from areas affected by
have recruited, maximum of 20 Army and 4 Fleet counters, this being the Famine; no Trade Items will be raised in a Famine area
he or she may maximum force any player can deploy on the board next turn; No counters can be moved into or through
raise additional (unless, under the rules of Succession, a player comes to the area.
Army/Fleet control more than one Kingdom). Rebellion areas may not be taxed; Trade Items are not
counters, and New armies are placed in the Capital and Fleets in any raised in Rebellion areas; Trade Items may not be moved
this should coastal Home Province (ie, a province of his original through Rebellion areas without accompanying A rmy
continue until all country that he still controls, ignoring any provinces counters.
players are gained at the expense of other countries). Additionally, a Ships at sea in an area affected by Storms are lost on
satisfied - or player may never bring additional Armies onto the map if a die roll of 1-2.
broke! At this that would increase the number of armies he has During each Movement Phase, before any Movement is
point, the deployed to a figure greater than two times the number made, the first player (determined at the beginning of
Army/Fleet of Home Provinces he currently controls and which are the Movement Phase) rolls one die to determine if an event
counters can be not in Rebellion. However, if the number of Armies has taken place that 5-year Turn. There is only one Event
placed on the already on the map exceeds two times the number of per Movement Phase. The result is as follows:
board. In this controlled Home Provinces at any time, the player is not
first turn, forced to remove Armies from the map. EVENT TABLE
instead of them
all being placed Troops raised as replacement for losses are drawn from
in the capital, the stock of Army Counters to the side of the board.
players should Players may not raise troops from the Army counters on
place Army/Fleet the Year Track. Instead, at the beginning of the Interphase,
counters they players may recover Army counters from the space
raise anywhere in representing the current year on the Year Track, and place
their Home them at the sideof the board. This off-map 'pool' of Army
Provinces, placing counters represents the full potential of the country to
them one at a raise troops. For a full description of how the Turn Record
time, and taking Chart works (see Game Equipment (1)). (See Note 6)
it in turn round (14). Movement Phase - Player Order
the table. Effects of Events
In the Movement Phase, the players move in a strict
sequence known as the Player Order. Each player, in PLAGUE: A second die rollis made to establish how many
turn, moves and resolves combat for their Army provinces are affected by the Plague. The players will
Counters, Royal Pieces, Fleets and Resource Markers. then need to establish which provinces are affected, by
The Player Order is decided using the colour-coded Player rolling on the Random Provinces table (see below).
Order markers, using the following procedure:
All Army counters in a Province affected by Plague must payment of 15 Crowns per marker during the next
be removed and placed on the Turn Record Chart Interphase, after Taxes have been raised and Resource
(seeGame Equipment (1)). A King or Prince in a Province Items placed. A Province marked with a Rebellion marker
_3ffectediw_Ptxojj*" must mqVe a Survival Hr»ll fc*»*» rif>afh
(7)), subtracting one from the die roll. Characters who Interphase.
fail this roll are removed from the game in the same way as
if they had died in the Dynastic Phase. Characters (not Army counters, and Trade Items accompanied by Army
Armies) resident in their capital are never affected by counters, may move normally though a Province affected
Plague. by Rebellion. Unaccompanied Resource Items may not
be moved into or out of a Province affected by Rebellion.
FAMINE: A second roll is made to establish how many
provinces are affected by Famine. The players will then STORMS: For each Fleet at sea (ie, not placed on the coast),
need to establish which provinces are affected, by rolling roll one die. On a roll of 1 or 2, the Fleet and all its contents
on the Random Provinces table (see below). Place a are lost. The Fleet is returned to the side of the board.
Famine marker in every Province affected by Famine. Any Army counters lost are placed on the Year Track as if
they had been lost in Combat (see (19)). Resource Items are
All Army units in a Province affected by Famine must returned to the side of the board. Any Royal characters
evacuate the Province during their next Movement turn. aboard the Fleet when it was lost die.
No Army counters may be moved through a Province
affected by Famine, and the Province produces no Taxes Random Provinces Table
or Resource Items during the next Interphase. Famine To establish the location of a Famine or Plague Event,
markers are removed after Taxes have been raised and roll a six-sided die, and then the ten-sided die. If the same
Resource Items placed. Province is rolled twice, ignore the second roll and roll
REBELLION: Each player rolls a die once for each again, (see table below)
province he owns, and modifies the result by considering
any of the following circumstances which apply. No die (16). The Movement Phase - Movement
roll is made for a province containing 4 or more Army Armies may move up to 3 Provinces each Movement
units (a King or Prince piece counting as one unit). Turn.
The following circumstances modify the die roll: The Fleets may move up to 3 Sea Areas, and may carry up
to 6 Army counters or Royal pieces, and any number
Monarch's Charisma rating is applied to all die rolls; of Resource Items.
If the Monarch is away from his capital, a -1 modifier is Resource Items may move up to 4 Provinces each
applied to all die rolls; Movement Turn.
If there has been additional Taxation (see The Armies, Kings and Princes
Interphase - Taxation (11)), a -2 modifier is applied to all
die rolls; Army counters, and Kings and Princes pieces may be
moved up to 3 Provinces during the Movement phase
If a Royal Male is present in the province (represented by the owning player, provided that:
by the Prince's numbered pawn), his Charisma rating is
also applied to the die roll for that Province; (a) the player controls those
If an adjacent province* is in Revolt from a previous provinces; or
round, a -1 modifier is applied. The Monarch's charisma (b) the provinces are friendly to the
can be affected by a Disputed Succession (see Succession moving player (ie, the owning
(9)). player either grants permission
A roll of 1 or less (after adjustment) means that a Rebellion verbally, or access is permitted
has occurred in that Province. Place a Rebellion marker through the terms of a Marriage
in the Province Contract);
A rebellion is automatically put down, and the marker As soon as Movement takes the piece/counters into an
removed, if 4 Army counters are moved into the Province unfriendly country, those pieces must stop Movement at
and remain there at the end of a Movement turn (the once, no matter how many Provinces they have already
marker is removed during the Combat section of the moved.
Movement Phase). King or Prince pieces count as 1 Army
counter. Rebellion markers can also be removed by Embarkation and Disembarkation costs one Movement
point out of the possible 3.
* which must be in the same Kingdom (ie, controlled If any country controls both Kent and Calais, Army
by the same player) - Calais counts as adjacent to Kent counters and Kings and Princes pieces may be moved
•13
across the Channel at a cost of 1 Movement point if no Failing the above, a Resource Item must cease movement
unfriendly Fleets are at sea in that Sea Area. No Fleet is once it enters another country, even though that country
needed to accomplish this move. may be prepared in its turn to continue its movement. If
a Resource Item is transferred across a frontier in this
Fleets way, the receiving player may move the Resource Item
Fleets may move 3 sea areas. Putting to sea costs one up to another four Provinces, subject to the same
Movement Point (ie, moving from the coast into the sea restrictions, during his or her turn. Also a Resource Item
area is considered as being one move). Once a Fleet has may be placed on the coast of a Province by one player,
put to sea, it can be placed in that sea area (in which case it who may give permission to another player to embark
is 'at sea'), or anywhere on the coast of that area (in and ship the resources in their turn.
which case it is 'in port'. This means that a Fleet could
leave Cornwall and place itself in Herefordshire, Wessex, A player can capture another player's Resource Items by
Normandy, Brittany, Aquitaine or Bordeaux for one any of the following methods:
Movement Point. (a) by capturing the province in which they
A Fleet can carry a maximum of 6 Army counters and are located;
King or Prince pieces combined, and an unlimited (b) by confiscating any that are in transit
number of resources. through the player's Country;
(c) by capturing a capital in which they are
Players may combine land and sea movement, so long as being held.
the counters/pieces involved have sufficient Movement
points. Royal pieces, Army counters and Resource Items If a Resource Item is accompanied by an Army counter,
do not count Sea Areas they move through when aboard a that army must be defeated in battle before the Resource
Fleet. Therefore, an Army counter or a Resource Item can Item can be captured (see Combat (19)). (See Example
be moved into a Province, embarked on a Fleet, moved 3 Sea 10)
Areas by the Fleet, and debarked at the other end.
(17). Controlling Provinces
If a Fleet at sea encounters Fleets from another player's
country, and that opposing force is greater in size than Control of Provinces is signified by Control markers. A
theirs, that Fleet's movement must cease for that turn player may place a Control marker on a Province
(Fleets in port have no effect on this, they must be at sea). solely occupied by bis or her Army counters at the end
No battle ensues. Movement may continue in the of a Movement Phase. A player can be said to be
following turn. Fleets from two or more players may not controlling a Province if:
be combined to prevent the movement of another player's (a) it is one of that player's Home Provinces (ie,
Fleet. one he or she controlled at the beginning of
Fleets may seek refuge in the country of any player. the game), and is unoccupied by any other
Permission may be given at the time, or as a result of a player's control markers;
Marriage Contract. If permission is given, any Army
counters on board remain there, and have no effect on (b) it is other than a Home Province, and is
the control of the Province in which they have docked. occupied by the control markers of that
They are affected by Plague, should that break out in the player.
Province, and if there is Famine they must put to sea at Control of a Province affects Taxation, the ownership
the earliest opportunity. of Trade Items when they are first placed upon the board,
If a Fleet has no permission to dock, and has no Army Rebellion and Movement.
counters aboard with which to launch an invasion, it may The Provinces of Denmark, Wales and Poland, though
not dock. marked on the map, may never be controlled by any player.
Resource Items Players may never move pieces or counters into or through
these Provinces.
A player may move any Resource unit up to 4 provinces
during the Movement Phase provided that he or she: When a player first gains control of a Province, it should
be marked with one of that player's control markers. This is
(a) controls those provinces; not necessary when the Province is one of that player's
(b) has another player's permission to move Home Provinces.
freely through his or her country as a result Control of a Province is gained when the following
of a Marriage Contract (verbal permission is conditions occur. If a player occupies a Province that
not enough);

It is Player A's turn during the Movement Phase. He has a Prince piece and three Army counters in
Kent, three Army counters and a Fleet (on the coast) in Essex, the King and three Army counters in
Calais and one Army counter and one Food Trade Item in Lancashire.
Player A moves as follows. First, he moves the Army counter and the Trade Item from Lancashire 2
Provinces to Essex (2 Movement points). All the counters now in Essex embark on the Fleet (1 Movement
point), and sail to Fnesland (1 Movement point), where the Trade Item is disembarked (1 Movement
point). The Fleet puts back to sea (1 Movement point) and sails to the coast of Normandy (1 Movement
point). The Fleet has completed its allowed Movement, as has the Army from Lancashire. The Trade Item
may be moved no further by Player A, since it is now in a Province controlled by another player, but the
German player may move it on if his or her turn follows on from Player A's.
The Army counters that started in Essex have used only one Movement point (embarking). They use
another disembarking, but may move no further since they are now in an unfriendly Province (the French
player is being very negative about this invasion).
The Prince and the 3 Army counters in Kent cross the Channel (1 Movement point). The Prince and one
Army then move through Calais to Normandy (2 Movement Points). The King, the Army counters brought
over by the Prince and the three Army counters in Calais move to Champagne (1 Movement Point). Since
the Province is hostile (!), the King's army must halt in Champagne.
was previously controlled by another player with one (b) Combat between the surviving forces of each
or more Army counters at the end of a Movement phase, player is then resolved. Each player should
and there are no Army counters belonging to any other make a single die roll, and remove casualties
players in the Province, that player is entitled to (but does from the opposing front-line Force, as
not have to) place a control marker in that Province, unless explained below. All these die rolls are
prohibited from doing so by a Marriage Contract. considered to be simultaneous, even though
the rolls will be made one after the other in
(18). Capitals practice.
A player's capital is also a Castle. The Capital counts
as 10 Strength points in defence.
A country's capital is considered to be the permanent
base for those of his or her characters who are not
represented by royal pieces. The capital is also a castle,
and gives the owning player an advantage in combat.
The capital is considered to have a Strength equivalent to
10 Army counters. This represents both the defences of
the castle and a garrison of troops. Additional Army
counters can be placed in the Castle which will add to
its Strength (however, once an attack is under way,
additional troops cannot be brought into the Castle; they
are considered to be camped outside, andean be attacked
separately - see Combat (19)).
The effect of the die roll is summarised on the following
A Castle's Strength can be gradually depleted by Combat
Cross-reference the number of Army counters in the army
during the Movement rounds of a single turn, but - if still
(a King or Prince counts as one Army counter) with the
uncaptured - it returns to full Strength (ie, 10) at the
die roll; the result is the number of casualties which must
beginning of the next Interphase.
be removed by the other player. Casualties removed in Example 11=
The Province in which a capital is situated cannot be this way are placed on the Turn Record Chart (see Game
captured unless the 'castle' is taken. Equipment (1)). France and Italy
Battles continue - with Rounds of both players making
are at war.
If the capital is taken, the defeated player may nominate France invades
any other controlled Home Province to be his or her simultaneous die rolls - until one side or the other is Lombardy, led by
capital, and should place his or her Capital Marker in eliminated, surrenders, or flees the field. The victors the King
that Province. This new Capital would not be considered remain in the Province in which the battle took place; (Strength +1) and
to be a castle. Once a castle is destroyed, it may not be fleeing losers may be moved by their owning player to the Crown Prince
rebuilt. The Capital Marker is removed as soon as a player any adjoining Province (where they could, theoretically, (Strength -1).
recaptures his or her original Capital. be attacked again by any unfriendly Army counters there). Italy's defence is
If the 'new' Capital is captured, the Marker should be It will be noted that the optimum size for any force is led by 2 Princes
replaced in another controlled Home Province. If a time four Army counters (although the presence of Royal pieces (Strength +1 and
ever comes when a player has no controlled Home may change players' minds on this!). If a smaller number of -1). France must
Province in which to locate a Capital, all other Provinces Army counters is deployed in a force, the greater the count the King's
they control are returned to their original owners, and chance that that force will have no effect. bonus, but has a
the player must continue as a Baronial Dynasty (see choice as to
Succession - Controlling Two Countries (9)). Effects of the Presence of Royal Pieces whether the
A King or Prince with a positive or negative Strength Prince is counted
The ruler of a country which loses or has lost its capital -obviously he
shouldhavehisorherCharismascorereducedby 1 until score has an effect on the outcome of a battle, even before
the battle itself takes place. If a Royal Piece with a +1 chooses not to
the capital is retaken. This adjustment may not take the count the Crown
Strength score is part of an army in a Province, he gets
minimum/maximum Charisma score outside of the Prince. So France
one free die roll before the battle starts with which he
normal +2 - -2 range. can inflict casualties. On aresultof 1-4 (if there are at least is entitled to one
All characters in a Dynasty other than those represented four Army counters present), 1-4 casualties are removed pre-battle roll.
on the map by King/Prince pieces are assumed to be in from the opposing force. If the roll is 5 or 6, or more Italy must count
the capital at all times. If the capital falls as the result than the number of Army counters in the force, no both Princes, so
of combat, they automatically escape to the new Capital. casualties are inflicted. the penalty and
the bonus cancel
(19). Combat If the Royal character has a + 2 Strength score, he gets out. The end
two pre-battle rolls. If the Royal character has a minus result is that
When two or more players have Army counters in a rating, the opponent gets the pre-battle rolls. The France will make
Province, combat may take place. Players make a die opposing player cannot retaliate to these free rolls. one pre-battle
roll, and the opposing player loses Army counters, which roll. If the
are placed on the Turn Record Chart. For the purposes of these pre-battle rolls, the Royal piece
does not count as an extra 'man', and does not alter the weaker-Italian
Combat can take place at the end of each player's maximum casualties which can be inflicted. These two Prince had not
movement phase, whenever Army counters of two or bonuses only count for the main battle. been present,
more players are present in a Province. Either player may both Italy and
declare an attack, in which case he or she is deemed the Although no single Royal Piece can accumulate more than + France would
Attacker, and the other player the Defender. The moving 2 or -2 on his Strength score, if there is more than one have been
player decides if they wish to attack first; if they decline Royal piece on the same side, they can co-operate to give entitled to pre-
the non-moving player may elect to attack. that side more than 2 free rolls in this pre-battle phase battle rolls, so
(this also applies to free rolls gained by the opponent's they would have
All the Royal pieces and Army counters in the Province minus ratings). If a King is present on either side, his cancelled each
take part in the battle. Combat is conducted as follows: Strength bonus/penalty must be counted. Any Princes other out.
(a) Before the battle takes place, there may be present may be counted at the owning players discretion.
one or more pre-battle rolls to reflect the However, when there are only Princes present on one
advantages gained by a superior Royal leader. side, all their bonuses/penalties must be counted.
See the sub-section Effects of the Presence of Only one side makes the pre-battle roll. Where both sides
Royal Pieces below. are entitled to pre-battle rolls, these should cancel out.
(See Example 11)
In the battle proper, if a Royal Prince is present, he counts Capitals
as one Army counter for die roll purposes, and the
maximum number of casualties the Force can inflict As stated above, Capitals count as the equivalent of 10
increases from 4 to 5 (though once the Force drops below Army counters in combat. Only the defending player may
5, this advantage is lost). count a Capital as part of his force; they may not be
included in the Attacking force. A Capital can take
If a King is present in a Force, he counts as one Army casualties like normal Army counters, but these should
counter, and the maximum casualties the Force can inflict be recorded on a piece of paper. Only when the Capital is
increases to 6. reduced to 0 is it removed from the battle - it is
If a Royal piece is present at a battle, and that character's considered destroyed.
army suffers casualties which wipe out its total strength Army counters inside a Capital need not take casualties
(including the Royal piece), the Royal character must until the Capital is destroyed, or may be removed as
suffer the consequences; he will be captured or killed. casualties to prevent the Capital's destruction. Army
The player should make a Survival Roll for the character, counters outside a capital may be attacked separately,
subtracting one from the die roll. If the result is that he without the Defender counting the Capital as part of his
would have died, the character is removed from the game or her force. The defender must announce at the
in the usual way (see Death (7)). If he survives this roll, beginning of a battle whether his Army counters are inside
the character is captured (see below). Captured characters the Capital or not; Army counters inside a Capital may
may not be killed. not retreat.
Fleeing From Battle Note that a castle which takes damage in one or more
A Royal character can escape from a battle at any time, battles is assumed to be repaired during the next
even if he is the only surviving 'unit' in an army after Interphase, and starts each Movement Phase with a
casualties are removed. A Royal character can be retreated Strength of 10.
to any neighbouring Province in which there are only To The Winner... The Spoils
Army counters from his own country, or none at all.
Any Resource Items located with the forces of the losing
If a King or Prince wishes to make good his escape before player are captured when he or she is defeated in the
Combat starts, he is not permitted to make use of his battle, even if the loser manages to retreat.
Strength bonus. If his Strength rating is taken into
consideration in the pre-battle rolls, the Royal Charater (See Example 12)
must remain for at least one round of combat. Alliances
Retreating At various times in the game, players may enter into formal
At the start of a Round of combat, either player may (ie, bound by a Marriage Contract)and informal Alliances.
choose to retreat with his or her surviving Army counters. All Alliances that involve joint military ventures must
The opposing player is allowed one free attack. Retreating be made in writing. This affects combat as follows:
forces may move to any neighbouring Provinces, During the Movement Phase, whichever member of an
regardless of the presenceof other Army counters. They Alliance moves before the other (as determined at the
may not attack Army counters in that Province, but may outset of the phase), may omit to move any troops which
be attacked. are to be involved in the joint battle plan. The last Alliance
Surrender member to move then moves all the troops covered by
the Alliance treaty. Combat is conducted as agreed in the
At the end of a Round of combat, either player may offer treaty (ie, the players should agree who it to make the
surrender to the other side. Terms may be negotiated, die rolls for the combined forces).
or the players may be unable to agree. If the latter, the
battle continues. If the former, the surrendering player Alliances can be broken at any time (unless covered by a
must comply with the surrender terms as they affect the Marriage Contract). A player may refuse to move his or
pieces/counters in that army and the Province in which her military units at the time when the Alliance's battle plan
the battle is fought. Any other arrangements can be calls for them to be moved, if circumstances have
conveniently 'forgotten' once the beaten army leaves the changed in such a way t h a t the previous plan is
field. inadvisable. There is no penalty for this, beyond the
possibility of upsetting your former Alliance partner(s)...
Surrendered Royal characters may not be killed (although
Army counters can be), though they may be Ransomed Naval Combat
(see below). There is no naval combat in the game. If a province is
captured with enemy Fleets in port, they must be moved
Captured Royal Characters away during the owner's first turn (they are considered
to be stood-off shore together with their contents).
As mentioned above, Royal characters can be captured
in a number of ways. If the character survives a Survival Some players might be tempted to introduce naval combat
Roll (where applicable), he or she can be captured by into the game, but this has been purposely omitted from
the victorious player(s)' army, and held tor Ransom. the rules because naval combat was not a feature of the
14th Century, and - setting aside this objection - its
A captured royal character can be immediately introduction would push the game further towards
transported to the victorious player's Capital. The object wargaming.
would be to Ransom the character in some way that would
be beneficial for the captor. He or she could demand (20). Negotiations
money, Trade Items, an advantageous Marriage Contract,
anything which the other player can give within the limits In order to prevent the game from getting bogged down
of the rules. As soon as the captor is satisfied, the character in negotiations these should be restricted to' men on the
can be returned to the capital of his or her own country. spot'. In other words, two armies have to confront one
another or a trading piece has to move to a province and
No Birth rolls can be made for children for that character then negotiate its passage. If no agreement is reached
whilst he or she is prisoner, of course. Should the character the move is wasted. Players should not indulge in 'radio'
inherit the throne whilst still a prisoner, the captive's communication between heads of state prior to making a
player could pass over him or her for the succession, move.
following the rules for Penalties as if the character were
still controlled by his or her normal Dynasty. Obviously, the above only applies to Negotiations
conducted outside of the Dvnastic Phase
Foreign Intervention for 50 Crowns. They can only be cashed in as a set (or
sets) of 3.
A Monarch canenlist foreign aid under any terms agreed. If If a player cashes in one each of the three basic Trade
this involves military assistance (to put down rebellions, for Items, plus one semi-luxury Trade Item, he or she receives a
example), the monarch's Charisma score is reduced by total of 80 Crowns from the Treasury.
1. This can have the effect of reducing a monarch's
Charisma below -2. If a player cashes in one each of the three basic Trade
Items, plus one semi-luxury Trade Item, plus one luxury
Trade Item, he or she receives a total of 120 Crowns from
Foreign assistance can be agreed as part of a Marriage
the Treasury.
Contract (in which case the conditions are binding), or
as p*rt of a more informal arrangement. The rules for These are the only combinations in which Trade Items
Alliances (see Combat (19)) apply for the purposes of can be traded in for cash. Any surplus, or any sets which
Movement and Combat when a Monarch accepts foreign the player does not wish to cash in (because he or she
intervention, except that the player controlling the is hoping to add a semi-luxury or luxury Trade Item to
Monarch should make all moves and combat die rolls them) may be held in the Capital until the player is able to
for the foreign troops, until such time as their normal and wishes to cash them, or until they are traded to
owner chooses to take control of them. Inviting foreign another player. Players can hold on to Resource Items
troops onto your soil without guarantees of their as long as they wish in the hope of improving the value of
behaviour is a dangerous thing to do. their 'set'.
(21). Cashing-In Resource Items (22). Ending The Game
A player with Resource Markers at their capital may At the end of the agreed time, the game is terminated.
cash them in and add the money raised to their treasury. Players may cash in any sets of Resource items they have
in their Capitals (see Cashing-In Resource Items (21)). The
If a player can transport Resource Items to his or her
player with the most money is the winner.
Capital, they may be 'cashed-in' at the end of any 5-year
Turn, including the one in which they arrive at the capital. Alternatively, at the beginning of the game players could
The basic goods are represented by metals, cloths and set a monetary victory target (eg, 800 Crowns). A player
food resource markers. A player who has one each of with this sum or more after the 'Cashing-In' Phase of a
these three basic Resource Items in his or her Capital can turn is declared the winner. If more than one player
cash them in to the Treasury at the end of any 5-year Turn has more than 800 Crowns, theplayer with the most wins.
•17
(23). Special Rules For Less Than Five containing a Resource Area, 2 in the Capital and 1 in each
Players other Province.
Four Players
Dynastic Sequence: Create an additional 'aristocratic'
Although obviously best suited to five players, Blood family, who will be available for making marriages. At
Royale can be played with a smaller number. If there are the beginning of the game there should be a five year
four players, one particular change is required in the rules. old child (determine sex and characteristics normally),
England becomes a non-player country, much the same and during each turn from 1300 onwards, one player
as Poland, Denmark or Wales in the 5- player game. It is should make two birth rolls to see if additional children
completely out-of-bounds to all players. Players may not are born (there is no need to make Survival Rolls for the
move counters or pieces into or through the English 'parents', who do not feature in the game).
provinces (not even Calais).
Survival rules are made as the children become old
Experienced players might choose to alter this rule so enough.
that the 'odd- country-out' is selected at the beginning of
When the children become old enough to be considered as
the game. In addition players may agree that the country is
marriage partners, players may make bids to secure the
not 'out-of-bounds' and that anyone may invade it
(possibly making France the odd-one out, so that all the match. Interested players announce their wish to
players can expand into France, if they desire). This option secure the child as a marriage partner for one of their
may unbalance the game, however; a 'neutral' Italy, for characters, and pay the Treasury 10 Crowns as a sign of
serious intent. They then write the amount of their bid
example, gives Germany the chance to swallow up
on paper. When this is completed, all players reveal their
Lombardy, in which case the German player has all three
Basic Resources, and need never trade. offers and the highest bidsecures the match. That player
pays the Treasury the amount bid, and takes the character
Whichever country is chosen, the players need to re- from this additional family into his or her own Dynasty.
balance the Basic Resources: Male children from the 'aristocratic' family always join
their wife's Dynasty.
If England is the non-player country, Andalusia should
be considered as a Food Resource Area, instead of Cloth; Resources: It is assumed that the 'neutral' countries make
use of their own Resources. Although Resources are
If France is the non-player country, Bavaria should be placed in 'neutral' countries during the Interphase, they
considered as a Semi-Luxury Resource Area, instead of are removed at the end of the first Movement round if
Metals; not captured first.
If Germany is the non-player country, Warwickshire Movement: There are three Movement rounds instead of
should be considered to be a Metals Resource Area, instead two.
of Food;
Combat: If a player moves any Army counters into a
If Italy is the non-player country, Bavaria should be 'neutral' Province, he must attack the defending forces of
considered as a Semi-Luxury Resource Area, instead of that Province (if any). The die rolls for the defending
Metals; army are made by the player to the left of the invader.
and if Spain is the non-player country, Lancashire Combat proceeds as normal .Neutral Army counters are
should be considered to be a Semi-Luxury Resource Area, not placed on the Year Track when killed. If, at the end
instead of Food of Combat, a Neutral Province has not been captured,
Combat With 'Non-Player' Countries the number of Army counters in the Province should be
(Optional) returned to full strength.
In a game with four players, it is possible that players Controlling Neutral Provinces: Players may raise 1 Army
will want to attack a Province which is part of the fifth counter from any controlled Province in a 'neutral'
'neutral' country (ie, one not being run by one of the country.
players). (2 4). The Degree of Secrecy in the Game
When using this option, at the outset of the game, Army Players may keep the details of Marriage Contracts a secret
counters should be placed in the 'neutral' country as (although some details will become obvious through what
outlined below for the 3-playergame. If a player invades follows) and they may also conceal the amount of cash
the 'neutral' country, that country will defend each they have. They may not keep the characteristics of Royal
invaded Province only with the forces present there. children secret, but must give this information upon
'Neutral' Army counters never move. Battles are fought request.
following the normal Combat rules, with the 'neutral'
country having rolls made for it by the player to the left It is best if a simultaneous decision is made on the subject
of the invader. 'Neutral' countries always defend, never of taxation.
flee and never surrender. There are no royal pieces.
When it comes to raising armies and fleets, if you decide
Controlling Neutral Provinces (Optional) to raise, say, only 4 armies but your neighbour raises 8,
you are at liberty to raise further armies, if you wish.
. For games with less than 5 players only, players may raise
This continues until all players are satisfied.
1 Army counter from any controlled Province in a
'neutral' country. (25). Special Rules and Advice for the
Three Players Beginning of the Game
At the beginning of the game, each player has a King and
Preparation: Allow a free selection from all five countries
Queen, and a child. The King and Queen are 'normal'
(do not exclude England). Players may draw lots and
in every respect, which means that each player is in charge of
choose the country they play, or decide their countries
a country with ten provinces ruled over by Kings and
randomly. Because certain combinations of countries will
Queens of identical age and characteristics. At this stage,
be seen to unbalance the game, players might decide to
the only differences between the countries will be the
limit the choice; each combination has its own set of
sexes and characteristics of the children. These children
challenges. Beware of combinations which allow one
could range from the strong and healthy to the weak and
player to immediately gain control of Resource Areas
sickly!
producing the three Basic Trade Items.
Later in the game, you will want to arrange marriages
The 20 Army counters of each of the 'neutral' countries
in order to establish firm treaties with other players,
are then distributed as follows: 4 in each Province
hopefully negotiated to your advantage. But, at this stage,
you cannot seal these arrangements, because no child limited and expensive, so a secure border is of major
is yet old enough (and new players to the game would advantage.
be at the mercy of older hands in these negotiations!).
At the same time, it is in other players' interests to prevent
You can then carry out your first action in the Dynastic France from getting this security - and they might even
Sequence, finding out if your King and Queenproduced consider having a contract with England that prevents
any children in 1300. As you will see from the rules, you France getting such an alliance.
can make three die rolls (and, if successful, produce three
children), but there is the greater danger of the Queen Italy can also be troublesome, unless other players can
dying if you roll more than once. If children are born, persuade Spain, for example, to provide a permanent
Character sheets have to be made out for them. threat to Italy's south. And Italy is bound to be Germany's
first target, given that Lombardy and Veneto are so close.
You*then have to make a Survival Roll for all adult The mere existence of such a threat forces Italy to keep
characters. In effect, this means only your King and Queen troops at home
in the first turn (and - optionally - not even the King, if
you are not yet experienced players of this game). To These are just a few examples of the need to secure borders
survive, your King will have to roll 4 or more on two and to give other players something to think about so
dice (his Constitution being normal). Your Queen will that they leave you alone.
also have to roll 4 or more, although this might be 1 or 2 It will be seen that no single country in the game
higher if you have tried more than once to obtain a commands all of the three Basic Resources Items. They
child. Should the Queen die, you will have to wait until a must trade. Furthermore, there are not enough Resource
bride is available when one of the children in the game Items to go round. So, these deals should rate very highly
reaches 15. If your King dies, oneofyourchild characters on the list of priorities. Securing trade also means ensuring
becomes ruler and a Regent is invented. that you can get the goods to your capital. A player who
You then receive your Taxes of 5 Crowns per province, regrets the terms of a Marriage Contract he agreed with
optionally boosting this to 7 Crowns a Province if you you might minimise the effect by making it difficult for
are prepared to run the greater risk of Rebellion. Unless you to get the Resource Items home.
you intend to be aggressive, or fear that another player Do not underestimate in any way the power of such things
might be, you would be well advised not to tax high in as marriageable children with 12 Strength/Guile or
the first turn, as you run a very real risk of Rebellion. daughters with + 2 Constitution. These place you in a
Once you have a Monarch with high Charisma, this risk is strong bargaining position. Similarly, you are in a strong
reduced. position if you are seeking a bride for your heir to the
You then buy your armies and fleets. The maximum you throne. Sometimes it is worth hanging on to these children
will be able to afford if you taxed normally is 10. In the rather than marrying them off early.
rest of the game, Army counters are always brought on in Although it is a temptation to have extra dice rolls for
the capital, but for the first turn they can be placed children, you must remember that - should the wife die -
anywhere in the Kingdom - players should place their a most useful marriage contract will be terminated. Then
Army counters on the map in order. You might consider it again, maybe it gets you out of a bad one. There is one
wise to protect all your borders, as they are all vulnerable at exception to this. The death of the original Queen does
this stage, and opponents need only send a single army into not terminate any contract and it is an advantage to have
a vacant province to capture it. There is no secrecy. Also quite a large Royal Family early in the game.
remember - once bought you cannot return them, nor
can you buy more once players have started placing Army OPTIONAL RULES
counters on the map. The following Optional Rules introduce new aspects to
Keep in mind that Blood Royale is not a wargame. If players Blood Royale, which players of the game may find more
continuously indulge in conflict, the winner will almost challenging. It is recommended that all players enjoy
always be the player that stayed relatively peaceful. One several games before adopting any of these options.
has only to consider the economics to realise this. Each The Optional Rules need not be taken in total. Players
owned province brings in an income of 5 (or 7) Crowns may introduce the ideas of Neutral Provinces, or Event
per five years. Every Army counter raised to achieve this Cards, or Governing Provinces, and exclude the other
costs 5 Crowns, plus 2 Crowns for each turn's ideas in this section. Obviously, players should decide
maintenance. Three (or four) Army counters garrisoning a which rules they will choose to introduce before play
captured Province against counter-attackcost more than commences. Make a note from the following checklist
can be raised in Tax. And each Army counter lost while of which Optional Rules are in force at the beginning
capturing a province means an extra outlay of 3 Crowns of the game, so that disputes can be settled.
(5 to raise troops tather than 2 to maintain) to replace
when the time comes, not to mention the potential Optional Rules
problems of having them out of the game for a whole turn. (A) Four Character Start
But conflict will occur. A cheap victory may only have a (B) Characteristic Rolls for all Starting
marginal positive effect on your own economy, but it Characters
will have a much greater negative effect on your (C) Disputed Succession
opponent's. Most conflict, however, will almost certainly (D) Movement of Trade Items
be connected with securing trade. Each 5 year turn sees (E) Event Cards
the introduction of up to 250 Crowns worth of Trade (F) Neutral Provinces
Items - 50 per player. If you loseout on trade, your chances (G) Governing Provinces
of winning are slim. Even so, you should try to tie trade (H) Extra Event/Movement Phase
up with marriage contracts rather than combat. (I) Changing Capitals/Resource Areas
Rebellion is a facet of the game that should never be (A) The Four Character Start
underestimated. As was typical of the 14th century, armies
abroad tended to lose everything they had gained by To speed the development of the Dynastic Aspects of
having to be brought home in order to put down unrest. the game, each player begins with four characters instead
Sending the Monarch abroad is always a danger, unless of three. These are:
he or she is very high in Charisma.
A King aged 30 (born in 1270)
So, what must you look for in a marriage contract? For A Queen aged 25 (born in 1275)
certain countries - especially France - a non-aggression Two children, one aged 10 and one aged 5 (born 1290
treaty with England is of considerable use. Armies are and 1295 respectively)
These characters should be created before the game starts, in attempt(s) in the order in which they would occur along
the normal fashion. The effect will be to make players the route.
negotiate marriages earlier in the game.
A Trade Item can be intercepted if it:
(B) Characteristic Rolls for the King
and Queen (a) Passes through a province which
contains Army counters of another
Instead of all the starting Kings and Queens having country;
'Normal' characteristics, players generate these in the (b) Passes through a sea area in which there are
normal way. Since it could be disastrous for a player to more Fleet counters of the intercepting
begin the game with a King or Queen with a low country than of the owning country;
Constitution score, and then to have one of the initial
parents die in the first round, this option should not be If an interception is possible, the owning player must
used unless players agree that no Survival rolls will be throw one die, adding the following modifiers:
made for the King or Queen in the first round. +1 for each intercepting Army counter;
(C) Disputed Succession -i- 2 for each intercepting Fleet counter (count
The normal rules for succession allow players to pass these only if they are in excess of the number
over female characters and Princes imprisoned by other of the owning player's Fleet counters in the
players. Otherwise, when a King dies, the next-in-line same Sea Area);
comes to the Throne. Players risk rebellion and long-term -1 for each 15 Crowns the owning player
war through passing over a legitimate heir. pays to the Treasury before the die roll; *
This principle can be extended to allow players to pass +1 for each 20 Crowns the intercepting
over any legitimate heir at the time a King dies. Players player pays to the Treasury before the die
are still most likely to want to pass over the legitimate roll.*
heir when it would lead to a female character who was
married into another Dynasty or an imprisoned Prince * The owning player should state how much he will spend
coming to the throne. However, players might also wish before the intercepting player.
to prevent a weak King coming to power, or to establish a
junior, but more powerful branch of the royal family as If the modified result is 6 or more, possession of the Trade
the legitimate Dynasty. Item passes to the intercepting player.

The penalties for passing over a character are as outlined Trade Items may still not be moved through a province
in Succession - Penalties for Passing Over a Legitimate with a Famine or Rebellion marker; no route can be traced
Heir (9). All characters in the player's Dynasty fight with a through such a province.
-1 penalty to their Strength score for as long as the
legitimate heir to the throne, or his or her heirs, is still (E) Event Cards
alive. Additionally, the Dynasty controlling the rightful
heir has a il bonus to Strength for all its characters The Event Die roll should be replaced with the drawing
whenever they are fighting the 'usurper' Dynasty. of an Event Card. The cards allow for a greater variety
of events, and present the different countries with varying
As in the Basic Rules, if the passed-over character is one problems, opportunities and goals. If you use the Event
who could not have been passed over according to the Cards, you should either also use Optional Rule (H) -
basic rules of Succession, the new monarch also has a Governing Provinces - or be aware that certain cards refer
penalty to his or her Charisma score. This represents the to opportunities to inherit titles to certain Provinces.
followers of the 'deposed' character causing trouble. Once These cards should be read as allowing the characters a
the decision has been made and the new Monarch is on chance to gain marriageable characters, money or trade
the throne, the player should roll a die. A result of 1-3 items, as appropriate.
means the new monarch's Charisma is reduced by -1, and a During the Events section of the Movement Phase, the
result of 4-6 reduces it by -2 (this may reduce the
character's Charisma score to -3 or -4!). This penalty first player (determined at the beginning of the Movement
cannot be inherited by any of the new monarch's heirs, Phase) should draw a card. The instructions on the card
but can reduce the monarch's Charisma below -2. should be followed precisely.
This additional penalty is only taken if the character is Cards which have long-term effects should be kept by
not one who could have been passed over according to the player until all the instructions on the card have been
the normal rules of the game. followed. When this has occurred, the card should be
placed on a discard pile.
In all cases, the player controlling the 'deposed' character Certain concepts introduced by the cards are further
must pass the character (along with his or her spouse
and any children) to the player on his or her left, to be discussed below:
controlled by that Dynasty from now on. The character is Shuffles
now in exile, and the receiving Dynasty receives the +1
Strength bonus fighting the 'usurper'. If the 'deposed' Certain cards instruct the drawing player to shuffle the
character already lives with another Dynasty (as a married Event Cards. When he or she has completed all the
woman), this rule does not apply. instructions on the card (or as many as possible), the
player should gather the remaining Event Cards and the
(D) Movement of Trade Items discard deck, shuffle them together, and replace them
face down.
With this option, Trade Items are not actually moved
about the board. Instead, during the Movement Phase, Rebellions
players may announce their intention to ship Trade Items If rule (G) regarding Titles and Governing Provinces are
from Province A to Province B. If no player objects, the being used, the Rebellion die roll should also be modified
player must then move the Trade Item as stated. If any by the Charisma scores of both the Governor and his wife
player does object, the owning player must show which (if the Governor is indeedmale; the same does not apply
route he or she wishes the Trade Item to take. If he or if the Governor is female).
she can show a route by which the Trade Item cannot
be intercepted (see below), the movement of the Item The Rebellion roll in the Capital should be modified by
takes place immediately. If the route can be intercepted, the scores of all Princes present. If the result is a Rebellion,
the players involved must resolve the interception
half of that country's current cash in hand should be the arrival of the Free Companies, or other military events
returned to the Treasury. This only applies to the Capital. inspired by Event Cards, might draw them into war with
If a neutral province is indicated by the Random Provinces forces which are not under the control of another player.
Table, that rebellion does not take place. Do not re-roll Whenever a player has to fight a battle with a Neutral
on the Random Provinces Table. Army, the Neutral Army counters should be used. The
Trade Items cannot trace a route through a Province player to the left of the player involved in the battle should
carrying a Rebellion marker. roll the dice for the Neutral Army.
Unless directed by Event Cards, Neutral Armies never
Storms move from the Province in which they start. Unless Event
Maity of the Event Cards have a reference on the bottom Cards say otherwise, Neutral Armies always defend, never
to Storms, followed by a range of numbers (1, 1-2, etc). If retreat and never surrender. If they capture a Royal
a card with such a reference is drawn during the Events character, Neutrals ransom him for 100 Crowns.
Phase, roll one die. If the result falls within the range For Event Card 3, Free Companies, roll one die and halve
on the card, the Storms Event will occur in addition to the score, rounding up. This is the number of Free
the Event on the card. See the Basic Rules. Companies available. They remain upon the board until
Bidding and Investing destroyed in Combat or by Plague.
On several of the Event Cards, players are given the option to For Event Cards 10 - War With the Welsh, 11 - War With
bid or invest Crowns in order to make an Event happen or to the Swabians, 12 War With the Burgundians, 13 - War
stop it from happening. Note the distinction between the With Aragon and 14 - War With the Moors, the number
two. of Neutral Armies that appear is stated on the card. At
the end of the last Movement Phase in that turn, these
Bidding means that all the players, starting with the player counters are removed. If a Neutral conquers a Province,
who drew the card and proceeding clockwise, should that Province becomes Neutral as well.
take part in an auction; one player will succeed when
all the others have passed. The winning player has the For Event Cards 51 - Albigensian Crusade and 61 - Crusade,
advantage of the card, and should pay the sum in Crowns the number of Neutral Armies that appear is stated on
he or she bid to the Treasury. the card. The Cathar rebels remain until the end of the
last Movement Phase in that turn; unless defeated, the
Investing means that all the players should secretly record Cathars will make the Dauphine a Neutral Province. The
how many Crowns they wish to spend to secure the Saracens should be removed at the end of the last
advantage from the card, and these amounts should be Movement Phase in that turn.
revealed simultaneously. The player investing the largest
amount has the advantage of the card. All players then Pretenders and Bastards
pay the amount of the investment in Crowns to the
Treasury. Cards 18-22 allow for characters to leave the Dynasty
of their birth, and join another player's characters. The
Inheritance of Neutral Provinces character sheet should be passed to the player on the left,
/Kingdoms and a Royal playing piece of the appropriate Dynasty
substituted. Characters can only become Pretenders if
Certain Event Cards allow Dynasties to 'take control' of they are at least 15 years old, and if they are not the only
Provinces and Kingdoms not normally involved in the male child of the monarch. A Pretender's wife (though
game through marriage. Players invest Resource Items not a husband, who should be returned to his original
or Crowns to attract a marriage which will allow one Dynasty) and any children less than 15 years old should
of them to inherit the title of that Province/Kingdom. alsobepassedtothe player on the left. The new owning
All such titles introduced into the game in this way can player may use the character as if he or she were a member of
be inherited in the normal way (see Governing Provinces his/her own Dynasty from then on, perhaps even
(H)). A player whose Dynasty already included the King marrying the character to someone in his own Dynasty
of England could take advantage of card 31 and have the (no Marriage Contract would be made).
same character - or another - marry the heir to the King For a 'bribe' of 50 Crowns, the Pretender's original
of Denmark. Dynasty may 'buy back' the character, his wife and any
With cards 31 and 33, players invest Crowns to make children. All sins are forgiven.
the match, and the rules for Investing (above) should be A Pretender character or any of his or her heirs may inherit
followed. For cards 30 and 32, players invest Resource the throne through the normal rules while still controlled
Items. For the purposes of these cards, all Resource Items by a 'foreign' Dynasty (the 'claim' should be inherited
count equally. in exactly the same way as any normal title). The player
Also regarding cards 30 and 32, the titles to be inherited who has been controlling the disputed country up to that
are for Provinces normally part of another player's point may pass over the Pretender's claim (see Succession
Kingdom - namely, Spain. If the Optional Rules for (9) and Optional Rule (C) above), or becomes a Baronial
Governing Provinces are being used, the title being player in the normal way.
granted is a 'noble' title, and final control of the province If a player controlling a Pretender actually managed to
continues to rest with the existing reigning monarch (see conquer the whole of the disputed country by military
Governing Provinces (G)). If a Governor already exists means, he or she could either set the Pretender up as a
for the Province, the card is ignored. separate monarch (still controlled by that Dynasty, of
Finally, for cards 31 and 33, as well as creating character course), or play safe and rule the conquered area just
sheets for the Prince, the successful player may also place a like any other. Pretenders rarely get what they think they
Royal Piece on the board in his or her Capital, following the deserve...
normal rules. This Prince can lead armies, Govern
Provinces, etc. However, no children should be produced Cards 38 and 39 allow for the creation of bastard sons of
for the marriage; these are assumed to be part of the ruling unmarried Kings. These characters are passed to the
Danish/Polish Dynasty, not the player's. player on the right, who controls them from now on.
Any time the character lands ina Province of his father's
Fighting Neutrals Kingdoms, there is an immediate Rebellion roll. If a female
character ever comes to the throne while the bastard lives,
If the rules for Neutral Provinces are used, players may every Province in the Kingdom must be checked for
find themselves wishing to wage war against them. Also, Rebellion.
Bastards' claims can never be inherited, even though the Province, but Rebellion Die Rolls must be made, with
character can marry and have children. The player normal modifiers, for the whole Kingdom. Medieval
operating the character may control the character as he nobles were very careful about their rights when it came
or she wishes, including marrying the character to a to the Crown - even if this meant 'sticking up' for
female in his or her own Dynasty. foreigners!
(F) Neutral Provinces Characters may Govern more than one Province.
Neutral Provinces are those which are controlled by none If a minor inherits a title, the 'Regent' will be monarch.
of the players in a game. With this option, ten such No new character is created.
Provinces are marked at the beginning of the game, using
the Neutral markers. These are: Titles and Governorship to a Province affect the game
in the following areas:
Characteristics
Raising Taxes
Commanding Troops
Raising Trade Items
Events
Neutral Provinces may also be created during the course
of the game. Certain Event Cards may, in the right Characteristics
circumstances, cause a Province to become Neutral. The player should immediately give the character a +1
bonus to his or her Strength/Guile characteristic. This
All Neutral Provinces are considered to have a garrison. may take the characteristic above +2. This bonus may
When a Province is invaded, place two Neutral Army only be taken once, no matter how many Provinces the
counters on the map in the relevant Province. This force character Governs.
will defend the Province, with the player to the left of
the invader making dice rolls on its behalf. The Province Raising Taxes in a Governed Province
cannot be occupied until both the defending Army In a medieval country, taxes were mostly gathered on
counters are defeated. behalf of the monarch by Provincial nobility. This gives
the noble some power, since he or she may raise local
If the Province would have been part of that player's taxes by the same authority, and could even choose to
country in the Basic Game, it becomes a Home Province withhold all or some of the tax revenue from the monarch.
after conquest.
With this option, the King of each country sets the rate
Neutral Provinces do not raise taxes. They do not raise of tax for the whole country as usual. However, any
Resource Items, or allow them to be transported through. Province governed by a character raises 2 Crowns extra
They do not invade neighbouring Provinces, unless (ie, either 7 or 9 Crowns).
directed to do so by an Event Card.
A Provincial Governor from a foreign Dynasty would
Once conquered, a Province which has been Neutral is keep those 2 Crowns for his or her own Dynasty. The
subject to the normal rules. Governor may also refuse to pay all or some of the 5 or 7
(G) Governing Provinces Crowns Royal Taxes for that Province to the Crown, in
which case the governing player should take the money
This optional rule allows players to make more use of from the Treasury. There is no penalty for doing so (except
their Prince characters, without having to go to war. that the King isn't likely to be very grateful...).
At any time during the Dynastic Phase, or as directed Also, whenever the Provincial Lord is actually present in
by an Event Card, a player may choose to bring a Province that Province, the taxes raised from there should be
into the direct ownership of his or her Dynastic house modified by his or her Charisma. This additional
by making a Prince the 'Governor' of the Province. To profit/loss being taken by the governing player.
do this, the player announces which character will be
given the title, and which Province the decision affects. Commanding Troops in a Governed Province
The Province must be one controlled by the player at The rules for Maintaining and Raising Armies remain the
that moment. Only a Prince (aged at least 15) can be same as for the Basic Game, However, the Governor of a
created Governor of a Province (unless directed by an Province is considered to be the commander of any
Event card; also, female characters and children may Army counters located in that Province. So long as the
inherit the title later, following the normal rules for Governor is a Prince aged 15 +, is present with the Army
inheritance). counters, and so long as the King is not, the Governor
Note: All Provinces not so Governed are considered to controls the Army counters for the purposes of Movement
be under the direct control of the King for the purposes and Combat, even if this means the Army is under the
of this game, and the normal game rules continue to apply. control of a foreign Prince.
The player should record on the Character Sheet that A Provincial Governor in command of such Army
that Prince now holds a noble title - this should read counters may either obey the instructions of his or her
something like Duke of Liguria, Earl of Wessex, etc. monarch, in which case the Movement turn will proceed
as normal, or he or she may disobey. A Provincial
This title may be inherited in exactly the same way as Governor does not have complete control over these
the rank of King, following the rules of Succession. This troops, however, and may only command them while
may cause the title to leave the Dynasty in which it started, they remain in the Province. If they move further than
and may even lead to a situation where a Province is this, the Army counters revert to the control of the King.
governed by Prince of one Dynasty, and controlled by
the King of another. Raising Trade Items in a Governed Province
In a Resource Area Province, a Governor may raise more
The rules for Succession (see Basic Game (9)) do not apply than one Trade Item during the Interphase, or may hinder
in the following areas. The King of the relevant country trade to such an extent that Trade Items are lost. This
(ie, that in which the Province is situated at the time) may only occur if the Governor is present in the Province. A
may choose to dispute the normal succession. If this only dice should be thrown during the Raise Trade Items
affects the player's own Dynasty (ie, the Province is part of the Interphase, and the Governor's Charisma
governed by a member of the same Dynasty as the King), a should be added to it. If the result is 7 or more, the
Rebellion marker should be placed on that Province, but Province produces an additional Trade Item, which
otherwise the King's wishes are followed. If the should be placed there immediately. If the result is 0 or
disputed succession involves another player's Dynasty, less, the normal production in the Province is affected,
then not only is the Rebellion marker placed in that and the normal Trade Item is not placed.
Events in a Governed Province Design Notes - The Optional Rules and
A Governor is presumed to live in the Province or Strategy Hints
Provinces he or she controls for some or all of the 5-Year
Turn. Therefore, if an Event occurs in a Province, it should More than anything else, what you can achieve by
be assumed that it affects the Governor, and his or her negotiation and diplomacy will be longer lasting than
family as well, if applicable. what you can achieve by military means. Trade can be
conducted swiftly over long distances, reducing the
If a Plague event occursinsucha Province, the Governor, necessity for military adventure to secure trade routes,
his or her wife or husband, and any children aged 15 and the efficient governing of provinces will depend even
or younger, must make Survival Rolls. The player should more on the quality of the marriages you have arranged.
add 1 to the dice roll for each additional Province the There is a finite capacity for each country to expand;
GoTernor controls that is not affected by Plague. once that is reached, there are no reserves with which
If a Rebellion event occurs, the Governor's Charisma will you can hold off attacks. Therefore, the collapse of a
count as a modifier in the Province in which he or she is militarily aggressive country is often much more
located. However, it should also be used as a modifier in spectacular than its rise.
the Governed Province, as should that of the
Governor's spouse. However, in the early turns, the obvious target for
aggression are the Neutral Provinces you can turn into
(H) Extra Event/Movement Phase Home Provinces (Yorkshire and East Anglia for England,
With this Option, a third Event/Movement Phase is and soon). Because these are only defended with 2 Army
introduced .This option allows for more Movement and counters each (the Neutral army), and each player can
Combat. The third Phase is conducted in the same way deploy up to 8 at the beginning of the game, it is obvious
as the normal two. that you can outnumber any neutral Province's army
easily. However, without any Marriage Contracts, nobody
(I) Changing Initial Capitals can afford to trust the other players. While Germany lines
and/or Resource Areas up to invade Swabia, Italy might take Bavaria and France
After a while players may find that they are becoming Lorraine. Neither of these Provinces would have any
too accustomed to the normal pattern of play in game. garrison.
This might prove to be a particular disadvantage when a
new player joins a group of more experienced players. So, be prepared to wait if you don't think you can trust
the others. After three turns, you should have the capacity
One way of revitalising the game is to move the locations to bring your army up to full strength and the insurance
of the Resource Areas andfor Capitals. By doing so, players of one or two Marriage Contracts.
will change the emphasis of different Provinces, and open
up many new possibilities. At the same time, don't ignore the Neutrals. The
continental ones are in important locations, and the tax
The Capital Markers, and the special Resource Item is going to be useful in a longer game. Also, Swabia,
counters are used for this Option. Resource Areas should Burgundy, Aragon and Granada have Event Cards which
be changed before Capitals. Obviously the markers turn them into aggressive states. Aragon is the odd one
actually on the map are redundant with this option. out in this foursome; although it is a 'Spanish' Province, it
directs its aggression against Italy (Sicily). A reason for
Italy to interfere in Spain?
Other Provinces have important roles in the Event Cards
as well. It isn't 'unsporting' for players to be aware of
the places where Famine is more of a threat or that Aragon
and Portugal can be gained through marriage. Some
Provinces are definitely more desirable than others, but
no two games of Blood Royale will have the same
Provinces at centre-stage.
The Resource Areas are changed by using the Random The rules for Titles and Governed Provinces allow for
Provinces table (see Events (14)). Roll a six-sided and the interesting decisions. A + 2 Charisma/-2 Strength Prince
ten-sided die to generate the location of each Resource isn't any use in a war, but as Governor of one or more
Area, obeying the following rules. Provinces is going to be very useful. Extra tax revenues,
(i) Place the Luxury Resource Area first, possibly extra Resource Items, and the lesser likelihood
then the Semi-Luxury areas, then the of Rebellion might lead to more much-needed income.
Cloth, Metals and Food areas. The problem would be if the Prince had an heir with -
2 Charisma, or - worse, perhaps - the 'Duchy' was
(ii) No Province may have more than one inherited by a rival Dynasty. Suddenly that income is
Marker. partially controlled by somebody else, and the only time
(iii) No country may have more than three you can risk stopping it is when you have a + 2 Charisma
Markers of all types, and no country can King or a large, idle army.
have a full set of the three basic resources.
Note that the rule about Rebellions in the capital means
(iv) The Luxury and the two Semi-luxury that it is risky just keeping the useless members of the
Markers must be in three different countries. family at home. If Rebellion breaks out in the capital,
(v) No country should have more than 2 half your cash must be returned to the Treasury.
Basic Resources of the same type.
Finally, a few tips for the playing of each country:
If the Capitals are to be moved, the same system is used
with the additional rule that the Capital may not be placed England: England is normally a sure bet for the militarily
in a Province in which there is a Resource Area. unadventurous, particularly since the Scots, the Welsh
and a few rebellions will normally make life very
If the rules for Neutral Provinces are being used, players hazardous if troops are overseas. Without a long land
must agree what will happen if a Resource Area is re- frontier, it isasafe bet that invasion will beararity. England
located in a Neutral Province might - therefore - be the country to gamble on attacking
its neighbouring neutral Provinces (Yorkshire and East
Anglia) first, sheltering behind a strong fleet and an
alliance with France or Germany. Calais is a problem. Luxuries. If you are going to be aggressive, you need to
Either secure it by a Marriage Contract with France, or ally with one of your northern neighbours against the
forget it, unless your plan is to expand in France. Keep other, although it is possible to have some spectacular
France and Germany off your back or (better) at war with successes by a sudden attack on an otherwise occupied
each other, and make a treaty with Spain or Germany Spain. If things are quiet, snatch Sicily, which no-one
for those important cloth items (either would love your will mind. Only try for Piedmont if you are allied with
food surplus). If you must venture overseas, attack France or Germany and they don't feel threatened.
Bordeaux while France is at war with Germany, or
Andalusia while Spain is occupied elsewhere. Spain: You should be looking for Food and Luxury Items to
win the game, which makes your normal focus of
attention go towards Aquitaine or a trade deal with
France: France needs allies, and your policy has to be England or Italy. If the military option is preferred, the
to secure at least two of those borders against attack. classic strategy is to ally with Germany and sieze
England might be one to approach; after all, you aren't Angouleme - cutting off the Dauphine and facing France
going to gain much from an early war, except Calais. Your with war on two fronts. Then take Aquitaine, and stop
second choice ought to be dictated by the defence of your there, before Germany gets too close. The alternatives
Resource Areas. The Dauphine is very exposed - beware of for adventurous players are sea invasions of Italy or
an Italian-Spanish alliance or (worse!) a German- England. The former isn't very attractive- Germany will
Spanish marriage. Bordeaux and Aquitaine are very move on Venice and Lombardy, with the Trade Items you
tempting for Spain, also. Either make an alliance with want, if it sees Italy crumble - but it might be easy territory to
Spain (you need Metals and Spain needs Food) and go conquer. All that Food in England is an unbearable
east (if you intend to be aggressive at all), or find some temptation, and you can certainly not afford England to
way to fend off England, Italy and Germany while you just sit there and reap trading profits. But Spain does
go all out for Spain, possibly with Italianhelp (you don't have a problem then if rebellions break out...
actually need that Semi-Luxury in La Mancha; Italy is
not a natural trading ally since you are both looking for
metals, but the Italians need some guarantee against Some Tips For Naming Dynasties and
Germany). The neutral Provinces, Flanders and Characters
Burgundy, might be best left as buffers for a while at the England - Dynastic Names
beginning; if you are going to be warlike, try and reduce Plantagenet, Tudor, York, Lancaster, Essex, Percy
the threat on one of those borders.
Christian Names
Germany: The big temptation is to go for that Luxury Edward, John, Edmund, Alfred, William, Stephen
in Venice. Even if you don't actually move troops after Mary, Elizabeth, Anne, Mary, Maud, Mathilde
it, you can use your presence to bully Italy into an
advantageous deal for Luxuries and Food in exchange France - Dynastic Names
for Metals. You only need Italy as an ally if you are going Anjou, Martel, Bourbon, Guise, Angevin, Nevers
to invade England and don't want your back stabbed.
On the other hand, a quickly weakened Italy, with Venice Christian Names
and Lombardy in German hands, would leave you very Jean, Louis, William, Robert, Charles, Henri
strong for phase two. Alternatively, you can either attack Louise, Marie, Charlotte, Isabelle, Odette, Philippa
your other natural enemy, France, to make sure Lorraine is Germany - Dynastic Names
secure and to steal the Dauphine, or make the surprise Hapsburg, Welf, Wettin, Wittlesbach, Hohenzollern,
move into England. Whichever, you must make sure Italy Luxemburg
and France are not allied, and you must use your surplus
Metal to get Food, either from Italy or France. Bottle up Christian Names
one, and deal with the other; that is the simple basis for Maximillian, Charles, Ferdinand, Frederick, Karl,
German strategy. The neutrals should only be taken as Wilhelm
part of that strategy; Swabia is in the heart of the main Anna, Mary, Florenz, Catharine, Elizabet, Mathilde
trouble zone in the game, around Swabia, Burgundy and Italy - Dynastic Names
Piedmont. Visconti, Medici, Ordelaffi, Orsini, Savoy, Sforza
Italy: Once the big problem of Germany is solved, Italy Christian Names
can look forward to some opportunities. Those Luxuries Luigi, Giovanni, Giuseppe, Bernadino, Bartolomeo,
from Venice are going to be in big demand. An alliance Francis
with Spain to supply Luxuries for Semi- Luxuries and Carlotta, Julianna, Maria, Anna, Blanche, Joanna
Metals might be a big money-spinner, but virtually any
country which quickly collects sets of four Trade Items Spain - Dynastic Names
will want to talk with you. Italy can easily get by without de Silva, de Idiaquez, Fajardo, de Mendoza, de Guzman,
war, but must beware the threat of invasion. Be Toledo
particularly aware of German-Spanish alliances. France is Christian Names
not a natural trading ally, but a military alliance might be Juan, Fernando, Carlos, Francisco, Sebastian, Miguel
necessary, and you can always swap Luxuries for Semi- Carlotta, Isabella, Maria, Jeanne, Eugenia, Sofia