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Class 10 Science Sample Paper Guide

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Class 10 Science Sample Paper Guide

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Class 10 – Science (Sample Paper)

Based on First Two Chapters of Physics, Chemistry & Biology

General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Use of the periodic table is allowed.
3. Draw neat, labelled diagrams wherever required.
4. Marks are indicated against each question.

Section A (MCQs) – 1 × 6 = 6 marks


1. Which type of chemical reaction is represented by 2FeSO■ → Fe■O■ + SO■ + SO■ ? (a)
Combination (b) Decomposition (c) Displacement (d) Neutralisation
2. A student places an object 24 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. The image
will be: (a) Virtual, erect, enlarged (b) Real, inverted, same size (c) Real, inverted, enlarged (d)
Virtual, diminished
3. The enzyme pepsin acts in which part of the alimentary canal and under what pH conditions? (a)
Mouth, alkaline (b) Stomach, acidic (c) Duodenum, alkaline (d) Stomach, neutral
4. Which part of the brain controls posture and balance? (a) Cerebrum (b) Cerebellum (c) Medulla
(d) Hypothalamus
5. Bleaching powder is prepared by the action of: (a) Cl■ on slaked lime (b) HCl on CaCO■ (c)
CaO on water (d) SO■ on Ca(OH)■
6. White light splits into colours when it passes through a prism because of: (a) Reflection (b)
Scattering (c) Dispersion (d) Total internal reflection

Section B (Very Short Answer) – 2 × 4 = 8 marks


7. Write the balanced equation for the reaction of zinc with dilute sulphuric acid.
8. Why does the sky appear blue to us?
9. State the role of bile juice in digestion.
10. Define refraction of light with a neat labelled ray diagram for refraction through a glass slab.

Section C (Short Answer) – 3 × 5 = 15 marks


11. (a) List any two differences between displacement and double displacement reactions.
(b) Write a balanced equation for the preparation of washing soda from baking soda.
12. With the help of a labelled diagram, explain the structure and function of the human eye.
13. (a) Differentiate between phototropism and geotropism.
(b) Describe an experiment to show phototropism in plants.

Section D (Case Based) – 4 × 3 = 12 marks


14. Prism experiment: (i) Name the phenomenon. (ii) Arrange colours in order of increasing
wavelength. (iii) How will the pattern change if a second identical prism is placed inverted after the
first?
15. Passage on antacid: (i) Nature of antacid. (ii) Explain with neutralisation reaction. (iii) Give one
example of antacid other than milk of magnesia.
16. Nephron diagram: (i) Name the processes at ‘A’ and ‘B’. (ii) Why is reabsorption important? (iii)
State one function of part ‘C’.

Section E (Long Answer) – 5 × 2 = 10 marks


17. (a) What are the products formed when electricity is passed through acidified water? (b) Explain
any two applications of electrolysis.
18. (a) Draw a diagram showing refraction through a convex lens when the object is between F■
and 2F■. (b) State three characteristics of the image formed.

Total Marks: 80

Common questions

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White light splits into different colors due to dispersion, which occurs because different wavelengths of light refract at different angles when passing through a medium like a prism. This results in the separation of light into a spectrum, with each color bending by a different amount .

Electrolysis is essential in industry for metal extraction and purification, such as aluminum production. It splits compounds into elements; for example, decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen gases, enabling new reactant productions .

The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, integrating sensory inputs to fine-tune motor activity. It maintains posture and balance by modulating responses to positional changes and ensuring smooth, coordinated muscle activity .

When an identical but inverted prism is placed after the first, it performs reverse refraction. The directed light paths reconverge to form white light due to complementary dispersion properties, each color canceling out deviations from parallel entrance rays .

The focal length of a concave mirror determines image characteristics by affecting magnification and orientation. When an object is placed between the focal point (F) and twice the focal length (2F), the image formed is real, inverted, and enlarged, as seen when a 24 cm object is placed in front of a mirror with a 12 cm focal length .

Reabsorption in the nephron is crucial for reclaiming water, ions, and nutrients from filtrate, maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. It prevents nutrient loss, regulating blood composition and pressure while eliminating waste .

Bile juice emulsifies fats in the small intestine, increasing the surface area for enzymes to act upon. It is alkaline, neutralizing and optimizing the pH for pancreatic enzymes after stomach acid addition, aiding in further digestion .

Phototropism is plants' growth response toward light, while geotropism is growth in response to gravity. To demonstrate phototropism, plant seedlings are exposed to unilateral light, causing them to bend toward the light source as auxin distribution leads to asymmetric growth .

A decomposition reaction involves a single compound breaking down into two or more products, such as 2FeSOI breaking down into FeIOI and SOI. A displacement reaction involves one element replacing another in a compound, forming a new compound and element. Identification is based on reactants: single compound indicates decomposition, whereas element and compound indicate displacement .

Refraction describes how light bends entering a different medium, like a lens. For a convex lens, when the object is between the focal length (F) and double the focal length (2F), the refracted light converges to form a real, inverted, and magnified image on the opposite side of the lens .

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