Question Bank
1. What is cryptography? What are the applications of it?
2. Explain data confidentiality, data authentication and data integrity.
3. Define the terms: Confidentiality, Data integrity, Non-repudiation
4. Differentiate data confidentiality and data integrity.
5. Define: Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability.
6. Define: Cryptography, Cryptanalysis and Cryptanalytic attacks.
7. Define the following terms: (i) Security Attack (ii) Security Services (iii) Security
Mechanism
8. Distinguish between passive and active security attacks.
9. Describe the term: Authentication, Authorization, Integrity and Non – repudiation.
10.Define the following terms related to Information Security: i. Cryptography ii.
Cryptanalysis iii. Sniffing iv. Spoofing v. Interception vi. Fabrication vii. Masquerade
11.Describe mono alphabetic cipher.
12.Differentiate Caesar cipher and mono alphabetic cipher.
13.Explain Caesar cipher algorithm with the help of an example.
14.What is the difference between a mono alphabetic cipher and a polyalphabetic cipher?
15.Explain playfair cipher with an example.
16.Explain the VERNAM Cipher method.
17.Explain one time pad algorithm with example and mention its strength and
weakness.
18.Explain columnar transposition Cipher technique
19.Explain the rail fence cipher. Why is a pure transposition cipher easily recognized?
20.Apply Railfence cipher approach and columnar cipher approach to Encrypt the
following message: “Give me the top ten possible plaintexts”. Key for Railfence
cipher: 3. Key for Columnar cipher: [1 4 2 5 3 ]
21.Encrypt the message “WE ARE DISCOVERED FLEE AT ONCE” using Rail fence
cipher with rail = 3
22.Encrypt the message “ Asymmetric key cryptography is fun” using Transposition
cipher with key (3,2,6,1,5,4)
23.What would be the transformation of a message ‘Happy Birthday to you’ using Rail
Fence technique level =3?
24.Given key and plaintext =”ney”. Find out the ciphertext applying Hill
Cipher. Is Hill cipher strong against ciphertext only attack or known plaintext attack?
Justify the answer.
25. Encrypt the message "meet me at the usual place " using the Hill cipher with the key
26.Write a note on Hill Cipher.
27.Encrypt the message “GTU Examination” using the Hill cipher algorithm with the key
matrix . Show your calculations and the result.
28.Encrypt the message “CORONA” using Hill Cipher with key
29.Encrypt the message “attc” with the following key using Hill cipher.
30.Generate a Cipher text for plain text ‘ACT’ with key ‘GYBNQKURP’ using hill
cipher.
31.What is Hill Cipher? Generate a Cipher text for plain text “hi” using key “jefh” using
hill cipher.
32.How can you exploit the regularities of the language? How can diagrams solve this
problem? Use the key “hidden” and encrypt the message “Message” using playfair
cipher.
33.Construct a Playfair matrix with the key “engineering”. And encrypt the message
“impossible”.
34.Let the keyword in playfair cipher is “keyword”. Encrypt a message “come to the
window” using playfair cipher.
35.Explain Playfair cipher technique in detail. Find cipher text for plain text
‘MYSECRETMSG’ using ‘STARS’ as key.
36.Explain Vigenère cipher with an example.
37.Using the Vigenère cipher, encrypt the word “ATTACKATDAWN” using the key
“LEMON”.
38.Using the Vigenère cipher, encrypt the word “explanation” using the key leg.
39.Decipher the message ”KBSTZPEGBWNDGQHWQWC” Using Vigenère cipher
with key “confidential”
40.Write down the steps required to convert plaintext to ciphertext using the Playfair
cypher. Use the Playfair cipher algorithm to convert the given plaintext to ciphertext.
PT: COMPUTATION, KEY: WORLD
41.Encrypt the Message “Surgical Strike” with key “GUJAR” using PLAYFAIR
technique.
42.Perform encryption in Playfair Cipher algorithm with plain text as “INFORMATION
AND NETWORK SECURITY”, Keyword is “MONARCHY”.
43.Use Playfair cipher to Decrypt the following message: “Must see you over Cadogan
West. Coming at once” Key: EXAMPLE
44.Explain Playfair cipher technique in detail. Find cipher text for plain text
‘GTUINSEXAM’ using ‘STUDY’ as key.
45.Explain Playfair cipher technique in detail. Find cipher text for plain text
‘GTUEXAMMODE’ using ‘OFFLINE’ as key.
46.Explain playfair cipher. Encrypt the plain-text message “helloe jassmin” using
playfair cipher. Use the keyword “cipher”.
47.Generate a Cipher text for plain text ‘MISSION’ with key ‘IMPOSSIBLE’ using
playfair cipher.
48.Construct a Playfair matrix with the key “engineering”. And encrypt the message “test
this Balloon”.
49.Encrypt the following message using playfair cipher. Text: “you keep smiling” and
security Keyword: “happiness”.
50.How can we find the GCD of two numbers using the Euclid algorithm? Explain with
the help of an example.
51.Define Cryptography and Cryptanalysis. Draw and explain conventional
cryptosystems.
52.Explain various cryptanalytic attacks on encrypted messages.
53.List out active attacks. Using an example, describe any one attack.
54.Explain working of rotor machines.
55.Explain Different types of Attacks on Crypto Systems.
56.State the differences between chosen plain text and chosen cipher text attack.
57.What is brute force attack? Explain with an example.
58.Differentiate asymmetric encryption with symmetric encryption.
59.Differentiate between block cipher and stream cipher.
60.Explain fiestal structure for multi round encryption.
61.What are the key principles of security?
62.Discuss Confusion and Diffusion in cryptography with appropriate examples. State its
purposes.
63.Explain the difference between diffusion and confusion.
64.Explain Avalanche Effect.
65.Discuss Avalanche effect and Completeness property of a block cipher.
66.Discuss the design principles of block cipher.
67.What is the purpose of the S-boxes in DES? Explain the avalanche effect.
68.What is diffusion and confusion? How are they used in DES?
69.Write a short note on DES
70.Explain the single round of DES algorithm
71.Explain how DES(Data Encryption standard) algorithm observes Fiestel structure.
Explain key generation and use of S-box in DES algorithm.
72.Explain the key generation in the DES algorithm.
73.How powerful is DES? Discuss its strength in detail.
74.List and explain possible attacks on DES.
75.Let K = 133457799BBCDFF1 be the key in hexadecimal. Derive K1 the first round
sub key using a single round version of DES
76.Describe various steps of AES.
77.Explain four different stages of AES(Advance Encryption standard) structure.
78.Briefly explain the AES encryption structure and discuss its transformation functions.
79.Briefly describe Mix Columns and Add Round Key in AES algorithm.
80.Explain the key generation in the AES algorithm.
81.Discuss in detail: round function of AES.
82.Draw the design process of AES round function and explain the sub-nibble
transformation and shift row mechanism in detail with an example.
83.Let M =3243F6A8885A308D313198A2E0370734 be the plain text message and
K=2B7E151628AED2A6ABF7158809CF4F3C be the key in hexadecimal. Perform
the following operation using AES.
(a) Add a round key.
(b) Shift row transformation on output of (a)
84.Explain double and triple DES.
85.How meet in the middle attack is performed on double DES?
86.Write a short note on Meet-in-the-middle attack.
87.Explain counter mode of DES operation.
88.Explain working of [Link] ECB (Electronic code book) is rarely used to encrypt
messages?
89.What is an Initialization Vector(IV)? What is its significance?
90.Why CFB(Cipher feedback mode) encrypted messages are less subject to tampering
than OFB(Output feedback mode)?
91.Explain Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) and Electronic Code Book (ECB) block cipher
modes of operation with the help of diagrams.
92.Explain Cipher Feedback (CFB) and Output Feedback mode (OFB) block cipher
modes of operation with the help of diagrams.
93.Why is mode of operation defined for block ciphers? Compare the block cipher
modes of operation?
94.Define the terms: Diffusion, Confusion. How are these implemented in DES?
95.Explain encryption and decryption process of output feedback mode with diagram.