Multiplication Rule of Probabilities Explained
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsMultiplication Rule of Probabilities Explained
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsMULTIPLICATION RULE OR PRODUCT OF
PROBABILITIES
FacebookTwitterPrint
The multiplication rule or product rule allows you to find
the probability of event A and event B occurring at the same time
time (joint probability). This rule depends on whether the events
they are dependent or independent.
Independent/dependent events
Two events are independent if the outcome of the second event is not
affected by the result of the first event. If AyB are events
independent, theprobabilitythat both events occur is the product
of the probabilities of the individual events.
P(A or B) = P(A) · P(B)
Two events are dependent if the outcome of the first event affects the
result of the second event so the probability is changed. In the
previous example, if the first marble is not replaced, the sample space
for the second event, change and thus the events are dependent. The
the probability that both events occur is the product of the
probabilities of individual events:
P(A or B) = P(A) · P(B)
Example 1:
A box contains 2 blue marbles and 3 red ones. If two marbles are drawn at random without
replacement, what is the probability that both are blue?
Solution:
Since the marbles will be drawn from the same box, and that the marbles that are
Extract them, they will not be returned to the box (there is no replenishment), so it is about
dependent events.
getting a blue marble on the first draw.
Event B: obtaining a blue marble in the second draw.
By the rule of multiplication, we know that:
Example 2:
In a school, the probability that a randomly selected student speaks
The probability of a student playing football is 0.20;
it is 0.80.
The fact that a student speaks English does not affect their ability to play football at all;
therefore, these are independent events.
The student speaks English. P(A) = 0.20.
Event B: the student plays soccer. P(B) = 0.80.
We use the multiplication rule for independent events:
WORKSHOP
PRODUCT RULE
According to the videos made and what was consulted on the topic, carry out the
following exercises
1. If we flip a normal coin three times, what is the probability of
obtain three stamps?
In a box, there are 3 yellow chips and 6 blue ones, what is the probability
what is the probability that, when drawing two chips with replacement, they are both yellow?
3. We roll a die twice. What is the probability that in the
the first roll resulted in 3 and in the second roll a number
odd?
4. A wallet contains 3 red and 2 black colors. If one draws 2 one by one
colors without replacement What is the probability that those colors are
blacks?
5. Willy answers 5 true or false questions randomly on an exam.
What is the probability of getting all the questions right?
6. The probability that María starts a relationship is 2/5 and the
probability of arriving on time to the church on the day of your wedding
It is 3/4. What is the probability that María will not get married?
7. Carlos has lost his best friend's phone number, but he manages to
find out the 5 intermediate digits of a total of 7. Knowing also that
the first digit must be even, different from 0, and the last digit is odd
greater than 4, what is the probability of guessing the phone number
of your friend?
8. A multiple-choice exam has 30 questions. Each question
It has 4 possible answers, only one of which is correct. If a
student answers each question at random, what is the probability that
Should all your answers be correct?
In a box there are 10 white chips and 5 blue ones. What is the probability of
that when drawing two tokens one after another without replacement, the first token
white sea and the second sea blue?
If David has a keychain with 4 keys and only one of them opens a door.
What is the probability that, if you try the keys, you will manage to open the door?
on the third attempt without using a key more than once?
11. If a die is rolled and then a coin is flipped, what is the probability of
that when it falls, you get heads and an odd number?
From grade 11, there are 8 classmates playing a board game.
the players compete to reach the last square of the board. They
awards the first, second, and third place. Assuming that everyone
players have the same chances of winning, what is the
probability that Juana comes in first place, and that Daniel or
Should Susana come in second and Daniel or Susana come in third?
In a box of twelve eggs, there are three broken. One is taken out and then a
second egg from the box. What is the probability that both come out?
broken?
The management committee of a football club meets to decide whether or not to dismiss.
to the coach. Five want to fire him and three do not want to. A reporter comes and
interrogate two of them at random. What is the probability that both will agree
Should we fire him? What is the probability that both of them think that
Do we need to renew the contract?
[Link] answers the 70 questions of the university admission exam.
corresponding to mathematics at random. If each question has 5 alternatives and
only one of these is correct. What is the probability that I have in the
Is a perfect score possible?