IGCSE - Types of numbers – only for core students

Q1. Write down the first five natural numbers.

Q2. Is 0 a natural number? Explain your answer.
Q3. Simplify: −8 + 5 − (−3)
Q4. A submarine is at a depth of 120 m below sea level. It rises by 45 m, then descends 30 m.
What is its final depth?
Q5. Write down all the prime numbers between 10 and 30.
Q6. Explain why 1 is not considered a prime number.
Q7. Write down two consecutive square numbers whose difference is 7.
Q8. Find the square root of 196.
Q9. Write down the first four cube numbers.
Q10. Find the cube root of 512.
Q11. Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 36 and 48.
Q12. Two numbers have a common factor of 7. Write down two possible such numbers.
Q13. Find the least common multiple (LCM) of 6 and 8.
Q14. What is the smallest number that is divisible by both 12 and 18?
Q15. State whether each of the following is rational or irrational:
a) √25 b) π c) 3/4 d) √2
Q16. Give an example of:
a) a rational number between 2 and 3
b) an irrational number between 1 and 2
Q17. Write the reciprocal of: a) 4 b) 2/5 c) −3
Q18. A number has a reciprocal of 0.2. What is the number?
Q19 a) List the factors of 24.
b) List the factors of 36.
c) Find the HCF and LCM of 24 and 36.
Q20 A student says, “All square numbers are rational.” Is the student correct? Explain with an
example.
Q21. a) Write down two prime numbers that add up to 20.
b) Write down a pair of integers whose product is −24 and whose sum is −10.
Q22) Calculate: (−6)² − (−3 × 4)
Q23) A lift descends 5 floors, goes up 8 floors, then down 3 floors. If it started at floor 0, what floor
is it on now?
Q24) Write an inequality to represent temperatures below −5°C.
Q25) Write 60 as a product of its prime factors.
Q26) Find the HCF and LCM of 60 and 72.
Q27) The following numbers are given: √49, π, 5.5, −2, 0, √2
(a) From the list, write: (i) One natural number (ii) One irrational number
 (iii)One rational number that is not an integer
(b) Explain why √49 is a rational number.
(c) Is 0 a natural number? Justify your answer.
Q28) (a) Write down: (i) the square of 11 (ii) the cube of 3
(b) Which number is both a square number and a cube number between 1 and 1000?
(c) Solve: √x = 7. Give your answer as a whole number.

Q29) A bus arrives at a stop every 15 minutes. A train passes the station every 20 minutes.
Both arrived together at 6:00 a.m.
(a) After how many minutes will they both arrive together again?
(b) What is the time when they will next arrive together?

Q30) (a) Write each number as a fraction in its simplest form: (i) 0.75 (ii) 1.2
(b) State whether the following are rational or irrational: (i) √18 (ii) 22/7
(c) Find the reciprocal of: (i) 3/4 (ii) −5 (iii) 1

Q31) A baker has 60 cupcakes and 36 cookies. She wants to arrange them in identical boxes with
no items left over.
(a) What is the largest number of boxes she can make?
(b) How many cupcakes and cookies will be in each box?
(c) If she makes the least number of identical gift packs with all items, how many items will be in
each pack?

Q32) You are given the numbers:

−3, 0, 1, 2.5, √16, √3, π, 7/9
Group them into: Natural numbers, Whole numbers, Integers , Rational numbers,
Irrational numbers

Q33) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 36 and 48. (2 marks)
Q34) From the list 6, 19, 20, 24, 27, 30, 32, 35, 36, 48, 49, 51:
(i) Write down a factor of 15. (ii) Write down a multiple of 18.
(iii) Write down an odd square number. (iv) Write down a cube number.
Q35) Convert to a percentage: (i) 0.43 (ii) 1⁄2
Q36) Simplify the fraction 42⁄28 to its simplest form. (1 mark)
Q37) (a) Write 45 as a product of its prime factors.
(b) Find the highest common factor (HCF) of 45 and 105.
Q38) Round 3.5897 to 4 significant figures.
Q39) Using the cards {1, 2, 6, 7, 8}, form:
(i) a two-digit multiple of 7, (ii) a two-digit square number,
(iii) a two-digit cube number, (iv) a two-digit prime number.
Q40) From the set {2, 5.85, 4.12, r}, write down all the numbers that are irrational
Q41) Insert one pair of brackets into 7×5 – 2 + 3 = 42 to make it correct.
Q42) Evaluate: (i) ³√729 (ii) ⁵√54 (iii) 4-2
Q43) (i) Write 60 as a product of its prime factors. (ii) Find the LCM of 36 and 60.
Q44) Write in figures: “nine million eighty-two thousand five hundred and seven.”
Q45) Round 71 496 to 2 significant figures.
Q46) A number is non-terminating, non-recurring decimal. State whether it is rational or irrational,
and give an example.
Q47) Explain why √2 and π are classified as irrational numbers.
Q48) Calculate: (−7) − (−12) + 5
Q49) A diver descends 50 m, rises 20 m, then descends 35 m. What is the final depth?
Q50) (a) Express 84 as a product of prime factors.
(b) Using (a), find the HCF and LCM of 84 and 126.
Q51) (a) Write down the square of 14 and the cube of 2.
(b) Find a number between 1 and 100 that is both a square and cube.
Q52) Given: √9, √5, 2.75, π, −3, 0.333…
(a) Identify one irrational and one rational non-integer. (b) Explain why √9 is rational.
Q53) (a) Find the reciprocals of: 5/8, −4, 1.25.
(b) If a number's reciprocal is 0.4, what is the number?
Q54) A bus leaves every 12 min and a tram every 18 min, both at 8:00.
(a) After how many minutes will they next coincide?
(b) What is the clock time of that next meeting?
Q55) A teacher has 48 pencils and 30 erasers to distribute evenly into identical sets with none left
over.
(a) What’s the largest number of sets?
(b) How many pencils and erasers per set?
(c) If distributing into the smallest identical gift bags, how many items per bag?
Q56) From {4, 9, 16, 21, 24, 27, 32, 36}:
(i) all square numbers (ii) one common multiple of 8 and 12 (iii) a prime number
Q57) (a) Solve: −2x + 5 > 11
(b) Write an integer that satisfies the solution.
Q58) Group the below into natural, whole, integer, rational (not integer), and irrational:
–3, 0, 7/2, √16, √7, π, 5.25
Q59) (a) Write down the reciprocal of 64. (b) Write an irrational number between 3 and 4.
(c) From {1, 3, 8, 12, 17, 23}: (i) write down a cube number, (ii) a factor of 24,
(iii) a prime number
Q60) List all the factors of 30.
Q61) Find the lowest common multiple (LCM) of 8 and 14.
Q62) (a) Calculate: (−7) − (−12) + 5
(b) A diver descends 50 m, rises 20 m, then descends 35 m. What is the final depth?
Q63) (a) Express 84 as a product of prime factors.
(b) Find the HCF and LCM of 84 and 126.
Q64) (a) Write down the square of 14 and the cube of 2.
(b) Find a number between 1 and 100 that is both a square and a cube.
Q65) Given: √9, √5, 2.75, π, −3, 0.333…
(a) Identify one irrational and one rational non-integer.
(b) Explain why √9 is rational.
Q66) (a) Find the reciprocals of: 5/8, −4, 1.25
(b) A number has a reciprocal of 0.4. What is the number?
Q67) A bus leaves every 12 min and a tram every 18 min, both at 8:00 a.m.
(a) After how many minutes will they next arrive together?
(b) At what time will this be?
Q68) A teacher has 48 pencils and 30 erasers to distribute evenly.
(a) What is the greatest number of identical sets possible?
(b) How many items per set?
(c) If using the smallest possible gift pack, how many items per pack?
Q69) From the list: {4, 9, 16, 21, 24, 27, 32, 36}
(a) List all square numbers
(b) List one multiple of both 8 and 12
(c) List a prime number
Q70) Solve the inequality: −2x + 5 > 11 Give a suitable integer that satisfies this condition.
Q71) Sort the numbers: −3, 0, 7/2, √16, √7, π, 5.25
Into: *Natural numbers *Whole numbers *Integers *Rational Irrational numbers
Q72) From: 6, 19, 20, 24, 27, 30, 32, 35, 36, 48, 49, 51
(a) Write a factor of 15 (b) A multiple of 18
(c) An odd square number (d) A cube number
Q73) (a) Convert 0.43 to a percentage (b) Convert ½ to a percentage
Q74) Simplify 42⁄28 to its lowest form.
Q75) (a) Write 45 as a product of prime factors (b) Find the HCF of 45 and 105
Q76) Round 3.5897 to 4 significant figures.
Q77) Use digits {1, 2, 6, 7, 8} to form:
(a) a multiple of 7 (b) a square number (c) a cube number (d) a prime number
Q78) From: 2, 5.85, 4.12, √2. Write all irrational numbers.
Q79) Insert brackets in: 7×5 – 2 + 3 = 42 to make it correct.