■ Machine Learning Roadmap
1. ML Basics & Workflow
• Supervised vs Unsupervised learning
• Features, Labels, Training, Testing, Validation
• Overfitting, Underfitting, Bias-Variance tradeoff
• Evaluation metrics (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1, ROC-AUC, RMSE, MAE, R²)
2. Core Supervised Learning Algorithms
• Linear Regression – predicting continuous values
• Logistic Regression – binary/multi-class classification
• K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN)
• Naive Bayes
• Decision Trees
• Random Forests (Ensemble method)
• Gradient Boosting (XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost)
• Support Vector Machines (SVM)
3. Unsupervised Learning
• Clustering: K-Means, Hierarchical Clustering, DBSCAN
• Dimensionality Reduction: PCA, t-SNE, UMAP
4. Feature Engineering & Model Improvement
• Handling missing values, outliers, encoding categorical data
• Feature scaling (Normalization, Standardization)
• Feature selection (Variance threshold, Chi-square, RFE)
• Hyperparameter tuning (GridSearchCV, RandomizedSearchCV, Optuna)
• Cross-validation (k-folds, stratified)
5. Advanced Topics
• Ensemble Learning – Bagging, Boosting, Stacking
• Recommendation Systems – Collaborative Filtering, Content-based
• Time Series Forecasting – ARIMA, SARIMA, Prophet, LSTMs
6. Deep Learning
• Neural Networks (Perceptron, Feedforward)
• Backpropagation & Optimization (SGD, Adam)
• TensorFlow or PyTorch basics
• CNNs (image data), RNNs/LSTMs (sequences), Transformers (advanced NLP/vision)
7. Deployment & Real Projects
• Model deployment (Flask/FastAPI, Streamlit, Docker)
• MLOps basics (MLflow, versioning, CI/CD)
• Projects: Fake News Detection, Customer Churn Prediction, Recommender System, Driver
Drowsiness Detection