1:

 Vision is important to detect danger

 To stop:

o at least 100-150 ft at 35mph

o at least 200-300 ft at

 Central vision is used to discern detail and identify or recognize what

is being seen.

 3/8-inch high letters from 20 ft = 20/20 Vision

 20/40 = reading from 20 ft what someone w/ 20/20 can read from 40

ft

 BLIND SPOT - the area you have to turn your head to the mirror to
see

 DON’T linger directly next to trucks - BIGGER blind spot

 Depth perception - the ability to differentiate distance

o needed to enter roundabouts

o use extra caution when you lack this

 Night vision - the ability to see in the dark

 Glare is an intense and blinding light

o can be caused by headlights

o if you have low resistance, use sunglasses or visors

 ALWAYS wear glasses when driving

 NO STICKERS EXCEPT

o side windows behind the driver

o on the lower 7-inch passenger square (both front and back)

o lower 5-inch driver square (only front)

 ABILITIES REQUIRED TO BE A SAFE DRIVER

o Search
  signs, signals, hazards, etc.

o Identify

 same ^^

o Predict

 the action a hazard might take

o Decide

 what action to take when in danger

o Execute

 the driving maneuver required

 Hearing - lets you hear the engine in your blind spot; car honking

o not too loud music and open window

 DON’T drive fatigued

o 300 to 400 mile limit per day

o take stops

o don't drive when sleepy

 Conditions that make you ineligible to drive

o cerebral palsy

o epilepsy

o conditions that prevent the heart and vascular system from

supplying adequate blood to muscles and organs

o paralysis

o cognitive impairment

o dementia

o lapses of consciousness

o a number of different vision conditions

o any other condition reported by a physician when they believe

you cannot drive safely due to the condition
 Carbon Monoxide - odorless, can kill you

o don't run engine in closed space, check for exhaust leaks

 Drivers under 18 are 2.7x more likely to have an accident

o half of drivers receive citation before they’re 20

o traffic accidents - #1 cause of death for teens

 PRACTICE on improving poor driving habits

o continue to check yourself while driving

 Emotions are important to safe driving

o DON’T drive if you are under intense emotional tension

(anger, depression, sadness, stress)

 If you are going to be late…

o DON’T speed (those 2 minutes gained won’t change anything),

accept that you’ll be late

 Environment conditions (weather, traffic, etc.) can affect your mood

and driving

o don’t let them affect you

o take a few deep breaths and DO NOT react aggressively

 Traffic can stress people out, to help avoid traffic avoid:

o rubbernecking (slowing down to look at accidents or other

situations)

o tailgating (following too closely)

o unnecessary lane changes (weaving in and out of traffic

lanes)

o inattention (e.g., eating, grooming, talking on a cellular phone,

reading, etc.)

 If parent or family has bad driving habits —> DON’T use them as
driving role models

 DANGEROUS driving traits:

o aggressiveness (road rage)

  caused when someone reacts negatively to another
driver (by lack of patience)

 mannerisms include: sudden braking, tailgating, cutting

off, yelling, etc

 can avoid situations by acting courteously

o egotism (self-centered)

 feel like they own the road and overly entitled

 they disrespect other drivers by speeding, swerving, and

taking other risks

 egotistical drivers…

 do not make room for merging vehicles

 do not yield the right-of-way

 do not let other drivers pass

 follow emergency vehicles too closely or fail to yield

to them

 cut off other drivers by merging at too slow or too

fast of a speed

o emotional instability

 if you are angry or upset, don't drive

o inattentiveness

 drivers can be distracted by:

 inappropriate behavior by your passengers

 peer pressure to drive too fast

 the radio, audio players, and cell phones

 animals in the car

 small children in the car

 thinking about something other than driving

 talking or texting on a cell phone

  leave a cushion of space around people likely to be
distracted (roadside workers, drivers on the phone,
intoxicated pedestrians)

o exhibition (showing off to friends)

 can include: weaving traffic, racing, playing chicken, etc.

o irresponsibility

 as a driver, you must take responsibility for your actions,

the actions of your passengers, and for the safe
mechanical condition of your vehicle.

 People under 18 CAN NOT use a phone EVEN in Bluetooth or hands-

free mode

o violating this can result in fines

o EXCEPTION: You may use a phone to contact law enforcement,

health-care provider, or any other emergency entity

 People over 18 CAN NOT use a phone EXCEPT in Bluetooth or hands-

free mode

2:
 The laws of physics affect how your car drives, you must
understand them

 Gravity

o HOW TO PARK CAR ON INCLINE

 Facing downhill - ALWAYS turn wheel to curb

 Facing uphill (WITH CURB) - turn wheel to road

 Facing uphill (NO CURB) - turn wheel to side

 10mph ⇒ 50mph is 25x more energy than 10mph ⇒ 25mph

 Car brakes can deteriorate over time, to avoid this:

o DON’T ride the brake (use it when not necessary)

o use low gears on downhill

 Driving Formulas:
 o $KE = 1/2MassVelocity^2$

o $Speed+1/2 Speed = Speed (feet / second)$

o $(Speed * 1/10Speed)/2 = Distance To Stop (feet)$

3:
 Sign Shapes

o vertical rectangle - regulatory signs

o diamond - ONLY warning signs

o pennant - no passing zones

o triangle - yield

o round - railroad

 Sign Colors

o Black or White - regulatory signs (night / day)

o Pink - incident management signs

o Blue - information signs

o Yellow - warning or school signs

o Orange - temporary traffic control signs

 YIELD = stop only if there is car or pedestrian

 STOP = always stop

 Two-Way Left-Turn Lane

o extra lane in the middle for both directions to turn left

o inside are broken yellow lines, outside is a solid yellow line

Warning Signs ****(4 sided yellow/black bg)

 calls attention to unexpected conditions

 Turns

o curvature safe speed < 35mph = turn

o curvature safe speed > 35mph = curve

 Intersections

 Stop/Yield

 Merges & Transitions

 Narrowing

 Highway Dividing

 Grade = rise/fall per 100 feet travel

o 7% grade = 7 feet down per 100 feet traveled

 Road Conditions

 Railroad - warn of upcoming railroad

 Crossing - animals, pedestrians, or minors

 Etc. Warnings
  Construction (In most cases warning signs)

Informational Signs

 Advisory Speed Plates - not illegal to go over, but dangerous

o usually in conjecture with warning signs

 State Route Markers - most outlines have symbolic meaning

 Interstate System

o Odd Numbers (I-5) = South — North

 More east = bigger number

o Even Numbers (I-10) = West — East

 More north = bigger number

o Loop = First number even

 goes around a city or area and reconnects with an

interstate

o Spur = First number odd

 Leaves interstate and connects with other highways or

street

Pavement Markings

 Pavement Colors
 Yellow Lines

o solid - don't pass if on your side

o broken (dashed) - passing is allowed if on your side

 White Lines

o used to indicate lane edges

o Longitudinal (vertical)

 solid - discouraged or prohibited to cross

 mostly used to set vehicular portion limits

 broken - a lane that can be crossed over

o Transverse (horizontal)

 indicate stopping, yielding, or cautionary areas

 MUST stop COMPLETELY BEHIND the line

 thick line - LIMIT LINE or STOP LINE

 yellow double line coincides with this

 double (info extended below) ****- crosswalk / pedestrian

crossing zone

o Crosswalk Types (covered in transverse)

 two white lines (yellow in school zone) - standard

 perpendicular lines - when more visibility is required

 diagonal - mostly in downtown areas

 weird broken square (intersections) - where pedestrians

can walk anywhere

 Traffic Calming

o measures to slow traffic, without stopping it

o Speed Hump

 to warn - white transverse lines (of decreasing width)

precede it
 o Yield Line - Triangle

 indicates where traffic should slow down to yield

o Traffic Circles (roundabouts)

 to control speed of traffic

 CURBS & COLORS

o Red - ALL stopping, parking, standing is prohibited (usually for

emergency services)

o Blue - unlimited parking for handicapped

o Yellow - stopping, parking, standing for delivery/dropoff

o Green - parking for a period of time (look at sign for time)

o White - for standby; for general purpose like dropping off

(rule: driver must stay in car)

o No Color - parking is permitted, no restrictions (unless sign says

so)

4:
 Renew license - every 4-5 years

 Must report - $750 damage or injury (no matter how small)

o within 10 days - SR 1

 When police turns on their red light behind you…

o Signal your intention to move over as far right as possible

 if police use a speaker then follow instructions

o If its night, turn on inside light

o KEEP HANDS ON THE STEERING WHEEL UNTIL THEY SAY

SO

o don't get your license and registration until police say so

5:
 Vehicles have 8 systems
 How to NOT Damage Your Car

o Don’t drive excessively quick

o Don’t turn aggressively

o Brake early to not wear the brake

o Don’t ride the brake

 Minimum Tread Depth

o 1/32 of an inch for most passenger vehicles

o 4/32 of an inch for busses, most trucks, and most trailers

o 6/32 of an inch for snow tires

 Gauges

o Speed

 Tachometer - measures vehicle speed in RPM

 Speedometer - measures vehicle speed in MPH

o Levels

 Coolant Temp - measures temp of radiator coolant

(240°+ means overheating)

 Oil Pressure - measures pressure of oil (NOT AMOUNT)

(low number means leak)

 Fuel Level - how much fuel in fuel tank (less than 3

gallons = empty)

 Charging System - measures # of volts in electrical

system (should be around 13.5)

o Lights

 Brake - 3 stage warning light:

1. Emergency brake is on

2. Failure in brake system

3. Low brake fluid

 Check Engine - failure in emission system

  High Beam - high beams are on

 Air Bag - if on longer than 2 seconds, there is failure with

airbag system

 Safety Symbols

o (In alphabetical order)

 Safety Aids Necessary

o Should have these on board at all times

2. Safety Flares and/or Reflective Triangles - prevent you from

getting hit when stopped

3. First aid kits - for when you get hurt duh

4. Snow Chain - for driving when you go to the snow (learn how to
put on before going)

5. Spare clothes - just in case yk

6. Non-perishable food - same as spare clothing you never know

o Basic Tools

 flashlights

 jumper cables

 screwdrivers

 pliers
  adjustable wrench

 small folding shovel (for snow/mud)

 worn piece of carpet (for kneeling ig lmao)

 plywood (for jack support [idk])

 Basic Auto Maintenence

o tune-ups

o replacement of hoses and belts

o oil changes and lubrication

o transmission service

o alignment, wheel balance, and tire rotation

8 Systems

 The Engine

1. electric motor rotates piston enough to gain momentum to

move on its own

o 4 Stroke Engine Steps

1. Intake Stroke - air and fuel enter engine

2. Compression Stroke - compresses gas in the engine

3. Power Stroke - spark plug ignites gas and rotates the

piston

4. Exhaust Stroke - instead of compressing, gas is released

 The Fuel System

o delivers fuel and air into the engine

o Fuel Tank - stores gas

o Fuel Pump - pumps gas to from tank through fuel lines to

carburetor

o Carburetor - injects proper amount of gas and air to engine

o Intake Manifold - cleans and sends air to carburetor

 The Power Train System

o generates and transmits power to wheels

o Transmission - changes gear

 if manual, the shifter changes gear

 if automatic, pressure fluid hydraulics change gear

 The Steering/Suspension System

o includes steering wheel + things that connect it to wheels

o Steering Box - translates steering to lateral motion to turn

wheel

o Suspension - prevent body from feeling full motion impact

 The Electrical System

1. Battery - supply of electricity when motor is off

2. Ignition Switch - closes the solenoid to transmit electricity

3. Solenoid - transmits a lot of electricity to starter motor

4. Starter - gets the motor up and running

5. Alternator - recharges the battery with motor motion

6. Voltage Regulator - regulates electricity regulated

o The Ignition System

 Delivers voltage to ignite fuel

o The Lighting System

 allows you to see at night (safety)

  allows you to communicate (turn signal, emergency, etc.)

 The Cooling System

o keeps engine cool

o Radiator - circulates coolant to move heat from engine, to

coolant, to outside air

 Braking Systems

o 2 Braking Systems

 Service Brakes - slow vehicle while driving

 Parking (Emergency) Brake - hold vehicle in one place

o 2 Types of Brakes

 Drum - brake shoe pushes outward

 Disc - caliper presses inward

o Anti-lock Braking Systems - sits on top of regular system

 engages brake when wheels approach “zero speed”

 purpose - allows steering when skidding, or when wheels

lock up

6:
Speed

 slow down when necessary, follow signs, if no sign:

 railway crossings (15 mph)

 blind intersections (15 mph)

 alleyways (15 mph)

 residential districts (25 mph)

 schools (25 mph, when children are present)

 bridges (25 mph)

  business districts (25 mph)

 Signal (your intention to move)

 Mirror (check both, rear and side view mirrors for traffic to the rear)

 Over-the-shoulder check (for traffic to the side and slightly behind)

 Go (make your lateral movement)

Stop

 MUST feel that inertia tug when fully stopping (for instructor)

 Stop Sign - stop completely

 Yield Sign - stopping isn't necessary but you must wait (yield) until all
traffic and pedestrians have passed (MORE BELOW)

Yield

 In an unmarked (or equally marked) intersection, right of way is

given to:

o whoever gets there first

o whoever is already in the intersection

o whoever is on the right

 Emergency Vehicles - pull to the right until they pass

Lanes

 Change lanes only when there is sufficient space between vehicles to

safely merge into traffic in the next lane by allowing at least a 4-
second gap

 when changing lanes…

o Signal (your intention to move)

o Mirror (check both, rear and side view mirrors for traffic to the
rear)

o Over-the-shoulder check (for traffic to the side and slightly

behind)

o Go (make your lateral movement)

Driving in Traffic
  Vehicle Positioning

o Keep up to speed of rest of traffic

o stay out of other’s blind spots

o keep others out of your blind spot

o avoid side-to-side position

o avoid bunches/packs

 How much space when entering traffic??

o half a block - city streets

o one block - highway

 DON’T cross intersection if you can’t cross safely

 (MAJOR) when turning - don't start turning just because a person in a

lane is signaling to turn away

o (especially with motorcycles) they may be turning later

 DISTANCE OF 3 SECONDS BETWEEN VEHICLES

o if someone is tailgating, you can slow down but don’t tap brake

Intersection

 (on test) will drive through 8 intersections

o going through

o stopping

o starting

 ON T-INTERSECTION - through road has right of way

 If you can’t see other roads for at least 100ft

o Speed limit = 15mph

 Changing lanes in an intersection - legal but not recommended

Turns

 100 ft before - use signal

 5 seconds before leaving - freeway

 when to use signal?

o changing lanes

o parking at the curb

o turning into your own driveway

 steps to making a turn

1. scan intersections for vehicles or pedestrians

2. move into the correct lane

3. don't enter bike lane more than 200ft

4. if view is blocked, yield and move slowly until you are clear

 Turning Right

o you are allowed to turn right in the bike lane (they have right of
way tho)

o go to the right-most lane

 Turning Left

o go to the left-most lane

o you may end up in any lane

 U-TURNS

o U-Turns are LEGAL when…

 traffic stop sign protects you from traffic

 with green signal light or green arrow

o U-Turns are ILLEGAL when…

 when you cannot clearly see 200 feet in either direction

 in front of a fire station

 in a business district except at an intersection or through

an opening in a concrete divider (a business district
includes apartments, churches, and schools as well as
commercial businesses)
  when not safe due to traffic conditions

 when there is a NO U-TURNt sign

o When taking u-turns…

 make sure its not illegal

 look for pedestrians or bikes

 start in left-most lane (or center turn lane if available)

Parking

 YOU MAY NOT PARK, STOP, OR LEAVING CAR STANDING:

o in an intersection

o on a marked or unmarked crosswalk

o within 15 feet of a fire hydrant

o within 15 feet of fire station driveway

o within 3 feet of a sidewalk ramp for disabled persons

o on a freeway unless due to an emergency, required to do so by a

police officer, or is specifically permitted

o in front of a driveway

o at a red curb

o in a tunnel or bridge

o where signs say "no parking,"

o in a parking space for disabled persons (without special placard

or license plates)

o in an area next to a disabled parking space painted with a

crosshatched pattern regardless of color

o on the wrong side of the street

o on a sidewalk

o in a traffic lane

o in a handicapped spot without a pass

 CANNOT leave car with engine running

  MUST leave parking brakes on

 (ON TEST) must park car within 18 inches of the curb

o parallel to the side of the road

Overtaking and Passing

 At 55mph - 1600ft (1/3 mile) to pass

o if you can tell car is coming to you, its NOT safe to pass

 When to return to lane - when you can see both headlights

 don't count on others to make space

 its dangerous to pass when…

o you must pass a long line of slow moving or stopped vehicles

o the vehicle ahead has indicated an intention to turn or stop

o when the vehicle you are passing has stopped or slowed

significantly for a reason that is not apparent to you

o oncoming cars are too close

o you cannot complete the passing maneuver before you reach a

no passing zone

o you encounter a school bus with flashing red lights

o you suspect that the road surface ahead may change

abruptly

o there is cross-traffic (like an intersection)

 STEPS FOR SAFE PASSING

1. scan for oncoming vehicles, vehicles approaching from the

rear who may be intent on passing you, and merging vehicles,

2. check your blind spots

3. signal your intent to pass

4. obtain a speed advantage

5. re-check conditions ahead

6. create a return space

 7. signal return

8. merge back into the original lane

 when being passed…

o maintain your speed

o yield by slowing or changing lanes, or moving to the far-right

hand portion of the road, if necessary and safe

Child Laws

 Kaitlyn’s Law

o DO NOT leave child in car when…

o conditions present significant risk to child (heat or cold)

o when keys are in vehicle, or engine is running, or both

 Child Restraint Laws

o children under 8 years - must have the corresponding car-

seat

o children over 8 years OR 4 feet 9 or taller - may be restrained

by safety belt

7:
 top 5 cause of death - traffic accidents

o teens 4x more accident rates than adults

 External factors that impact driving:

o psychological

 driving habits that can lead to accidents

o driving too fast

o tailgating

o inattentiveness

o poor visual scanning

o making poor decisions

 o improper lane changes

o unsafe passing

o failing to yield the right-of-way

o failure to keep right being unable to handle a vehicle in

emergency situations

 6 MOST common accident causes

o unsafe speed

 basically just drive slow lmao

o violation of right-of-way rules

 20% OF ALL FATAL/INJURY COLLISIONS

 don’t assume the other drive will give you right-of-way

 give R.O.W.

o making improper turns

 don't turn when your view is obstructed by…

 parked cars

 a hill or turn in the road

 bushes or trees

 Make sure that you have a large enough gap

 when turning left give R.O.W. to opposing traffic

o failing to obey stop signals and signs

 mistakes include:

 turning right or left into oncoming traffic

 driving the wrong way on a one-way street

 unsafe passing

 be aware of direction signs (wrong way, don’t enter, one

way, etc)

 pass carefully
 o tailgating / improper lane changes

 KEEP 3 SECONDS BETWEEN CAR IN FRONT (4 for truck)

 don't get annoyed when passing / being passed

o driving on the wrong side of the road

 look at “failing to obey stop signals and signs”

 Roadhogging

o just drive in the middle of your lane

o don't submit to road rage bro

 Visual Searching

o don't focus on car in front of you

o look for hazards and signs around you

 be aware of the traffic lights

! Mechanical Breakdowns + Solutions !

 steer away before slamming brakes

 NEVER turn off ignition while in movement

 when the gas pedal is stuck…

1. shift to neutral

2. apply the brakes

3. keep your eyes on the road to look for a way out

4. warn other drivers by blinking and flashing your emergency

lights

5. try to drive the car safely off the road

6. as the last step turn off your ignition when you no longer need
to change direction and are stopped. Turn on your emergency
flashers

 when the tires blow out…

1. Hold the steering wheel tightly and steer straight ahead. The car
will try to swerve towards the side of the blowout.
 2. Slow down gradually, taking your foot off the gas pedal slowly
but WITHOUT applying the brakes.

3. Slow to a stop off the road, applying the brakes ONLY when the
car is almost stopped.

4. Turn on your emergency flashers.

 when the brake pressure fails…

1. downshift to lower gear or lower range (automatic

transmissions) to help slow your vehicle

2. pump the brake pedal fast and hard to build up brake fluid
pressure -- you will know in three to four pumps if the brakes
will work -- but do not pump antilock brakes

3. use your parking or emergency brake to gently slow your

vehicle, but release it before the vehicle starts to skid

4. steer and swerve to avoid a collision or steer into something

soft like bushes

5. sound your horn and flash your lights to alert other drivers

6. when you are stopped, turn off the ignition and turn on your
emergency flashers

 when the cooling system fails…

1. turn off the air conditioner

2. if you are in stop and go traffic change your route so that you
can get air moving over the radiator

3. pull to the side of the road if you see steam

4. shut off the engine, turn on your emergency flashers, open

the hood, and wait 20 minutes before inspecting the radiator

5. after 20 minutes, refill the radiator by pouring water or

coolant into the overflow tank

6. with the hood still up, inspect for leaks and call a tow truck if
you cannot fix them

 when the headlights fail…

 1. first wiggle the dimmer switch, which will often put the lights
back on

2. wiggle the headlight switch a few times

3. if the lights do not come on, put on your parking lights, turn
indicators, or emergency flashers to warn other drivers

4. pull off the road as quickly as possible and leave the

emergency flashers on

 when the hood flies up…

1. slow down

2. try to look under the hood to see where you are going, but if
you cannot then put your head out the window to look around
the hood and use the lane line markings as a guide

3. pull off the road as soon as is safely possible and put on your
emergency flashers

 when you run off the road…

1. don’t turn quickly back onto the road

2. this can make you flip

3. instead return slowly

 when an oncoming car is coming head on…

1. slow down

2. pull to the right

1. if the driver realizes their mistake and pull back you won’t
be in their way

3. sound your horn

 when the car goes into deep water…

1. remember that your vehicle will float for at least a short

period of time

2. unfasten your seatbelt and help other passengers unfasten

theirs

3. escape through a WINDOW (do not open a door)

 when the ENGINE stalls…

1. turn on your emergency flashers immediately

2. move your vehicle to the side of the road as quickly and safely
as possible, realizing that the steering wheel may take more
force to turn because the power steering won't work

3. stop your vehicle, realizing that you may need more force on
the brakes because power brakes will not work

4. turn on your emergency flashers

5. try to restart the engine

 when the car is smoking or on fire…

1. pull off the roadway as quickly as is safe

2. turn off the ignition and get away from the vehicle

3. call the fire department

4. don't try to put the fire out yourself because it can be very
dangerous.

 WHEN IN AN EARTHQUAKE

1. gradually decrease speed and pull to the side of the road

2. DO NOT stop on or under overpasses or bridges

3. DO NOT park near trees or downed power lines, and avoid

parking near buildings

4. stop the car and stay down on the floor until the shaking
stops

5. remember that aftershocks may follow the earthquake

6. turn on your car radio and listen for broadcast emergency

advisories

7. DO NOT continue to drive until it is safe and avoid overpasses

and bridges because they may have been weakened

8. if driving on the freeway, and if it is safe to do so, exit at the

first opportunity
 9. cooperate with public safety officials because they are
trying to ensure your safety and the safety of others

 WHEN PULLED OVER

o place emergency flares or reflective triangles 200 to 300 feet

behind your vehicle

 High Danger

o parking lots - people don't think they have to follow rules;

pedestrians walk in the driving lanes

o urban areas - a LOT of intersections, lots of drivers doing

hazardous manouvers

 In dangerous natural conditions (rain, snow, fog) - slow down man

o in fog - don't use high glare (it’ll reflect back on you)

o in wet weather - sudden braking means skidding

 5-10 mph slower then normal

 if u can’t see more than 100ft (in thunderstorm) - no more

than 30mph

 hydroplaning (water makes tire lose contact) - at 50mph

 WATCH OUT FOR BLACK ICE

o snowy weather

 every 10°F drop = 1-2 lbs/square in. drop in tire

pressure

 WHEN STUCK IN MUD/SNOW…

1. shift to a lower gear and keep the front wheels straight (if
you have a manual transmission, use second gear, not first)

2. gently step on the gas pedal

3. avoid spinning the wheels while driving forward as far as

possible

4. shift to reverse and slowly back up as far as possible again

without spinning the wheels

5. shift to low gear again and drive forward

 6. repeat this forward-backward rocking motion until the car
rolls free; or, if in deep mud or snow, put boards or tree
branches under the tires to provide traction -- NEVER do this
while wheels are spinning. If all else fails, call a tow truck

Types of Insurance

 Collision

o deals with damage in collisions

o subject to a deductible

 **The amount you pay for covered health care services

before your insurance plan starts to pay

 Comprehensive

o deals with theft of your vehicle or damage to your vehicle

 (e.g. rock hitting your windshield)

o subject to deductible

 Liability

o addresses your responsibility to others for injury, death, and

property damage

o REQUIRED by law

 Uninsured

o addresses medical expenses that aren’t your fault

 mostly when they don't have an insurance

o includes those of your passengers

 Your license will be suspended for failing to pay for property

damage in excess of $750 or for damages resulting from injury
or death which resulted from a motor vehicle, if a certified
copy of a judgment is received from a small claims court.

 Your license can be suspended for failing to have or provide proof

of insurance

8:
  treat other drivers the way you want to be treated

o be courteous!

 slow moving vehicles - will have orange sign

o they typically travel at 25mph or less

Pedestrians

 Bikes are NOT pedestrians

 For every six traffic fatalities, at least one involves a pedestrian

 As a pedestrian…

o when there's no crossing signal, follow streetlights

 If other car has stopped, there's probably a pedestrian crossing

 Before turning a corner, watch for people who are about to cross
the street.

 Slow down when in…

o crosswalks

o schools

o buses

o school zones

o parked cars

o shopping centers

o business districts

o playgrounds

o residential streets

o shopping centers

o parking lots

o downtown areas

 When kids are outside (near school) - limit is 25mph

  School buses

o Yellow - prepare to stop

o Red - STOP

 stop if in other directions except when there’s more than 2

lanes per direction

o They have right of way

o (be aware) they MUST stop at railroads

o If you fail to stop for school bus

 you may be fined up to $1,000

 your license can be suspended for a period of 1 year.

Bicycles

 they are legally VEHICLES

 In the United States, a bicyclist is killed every six hours

 They must ride on roads

o must ride in bike lane if present

 (in general) pass vehicles on the left

 (as a car) when turning right, don't cut in front of a bike to turn left

 check for bikes when opening your car door

Animals

 people riding animals are treated like vehicles

 drive slowly and carefully around animals

o don't make sudden movements

o its illegal to scare animals

 if an animal gets in your way stop

 dusk/dawn = there's likely to be some animals

 if you INJURE OR KILL an animal…

o pull over
 o try to locate the owner

o call the humane society, police, or CHP

o never leave the injured animal to die

o never try to move an injured animal

Trucks

 Don't linger alongside a truck when passing

o they have a larger blind spot

 Overtake on left, get ahead when passed

 DONT underestimate their speed

 Vehicles that display diamond sign - MUST stop on railroads

 If you cant see their mirror they can’t see you

 on hills they can take long to get to speed

Construction Areas

 Anticipate events and be ready to respond quickly

o they may step into road - be careful

 orange = construction

 work zone ticket = 2x normal ticket

 Do not change lanes or pass other vehicles in work zones

o (unless instructed ofc)

 More motorists are killed and injured in work zone crashes than
highway workers

Emergency Vehicles

 SNOW PLOWS - travel at reduced speeds

o NEVER pass snow plows (dangerous smoke cloud)

o snow plow = 50,000

o regular car = 3,000

Trains
  TRAINS ARE EXTREMELY DANGEROUS JUST DONT MESS WITH THEM

 Never race a train to a crossing. Even if you tie, you still lose.

 if you ever get stalled on the tracks immediately leave the vehicle
and call the police or the emergency number posted at the
crossing

 Approach railroad crossings with the caution you would use when
approaching any intersection.

 buses, school buses, and large trucks MUST stop before rails

 It is illegal to pass another vehicle by driving in lanes of oncoming

traffic on or within 100 feet of a railroad crossing.

 You may not park within 7.5 feet of a railroad track.

 railroad sign = yield sign

 always yield to trains (AND TROLLEYS)

o DO NOT TURN IN FRONT / OVERTAKE TROLLEYS

9:
 you can’t sober up quicker!!

 STATS

o alcohol is involved in about 40% of all fatal highway accidents

o drivers with a BAC of only 0.02% to 0.05% are at least 7x more

likely to be killed in an accident than sober drivers

o drivers with a BAC of 0.20% are 90x more likely to be killed

o out of 150 drivers In a study, 33% took weed and 12% were on
weed AND cocaine

o 15 percent of those who had been driving a car or

motorcycle had been smoking marijuana, and another 17
percent had both THC and alcohol in their blood.

 If arrested for DUI - DMV must revoke or suspend drivers license

o first offense - 120 days (48 hours in jail minimum) ($1,000

fine)
 o prior offense - 1 year

 Penalty for breaking zero tolerance law…

o first offense within 7 years - 1 year

o second offense within 7 years - 2 to 3 years

 DUI Penalties (.08% BAC)

o mandatory jail time

o substantial fines and fees

o suspension or revocation of your driver license

o restrictions on when and for what purposes you may drive

o you being assigned to an alcohol or drug treatment program

o installation of an ignition interlock device on your car

o the impoundment of your car

 these DRUGS can also cause DUI (illegal, over the counter, prescribed,
doesn't matter)

o pain killers

o sleeping aids

o diet pills

o tranquilizers

o allergy medications

o cough suppressants

 To be a designated driver (one doesn't drink so they can drive) you…

o must possess a valid driver license

o should be at least 21 years of age (so that you can accompany

your friends)

o must be part of a group of two or more persons

o must verbally identify yourself to the server

o must abstain from consuming alcoholic beverages for the

duration of the outing
o must not be an otherwise impaired driver