UNIT 4
CHAPTER 15- PREVENT ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES
D. Short answer questions
1. What is a workplace emergency?
A Workplace emergency refers to any unexpected situation that needs
immediate attention and action in workplace that poses a risk to the safety and
security of employees.
2. How do you protect yourself, your employees, and your business?
The best way to protect yourself and your organization is to develop a well
thought – out emergency action plan to guide the employee in the event of an
emergency.
3. What is an emergency action plan?
An energy action plan (EAP) is a written document that states how to react in
different type of emergencies. Action plans of organisations should adhere to
safety standards set by the occupational safety and healthy administrations
(OSHA)
4. What should your emergency action plan include?
An emergency action plan (EAP) should include the following
1. Evacuation plans it should have at least two escape rules routes from
every area, and a designated meeting place for employees to gather after
evacuating.
2. Accounting for employees take a headcount after an evacuation.
3. Reporting and alerting authorities.
4. Alerting staff and visitors about emergency.
5. How do you develop an evacuation policy and procedures?
Steps to develop an evacuation policy and procedures are
1. Evaluate the emergency.
2. Identify place where people are people can go in an emergency.
3. Identify the best way to get out of the building.
4. Rehearse evacuation procedures.
5. Regularly review and update the plan as needed.
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6. How do you establish evacuation routes and exits ?
1. know the nearest exit from the location and the route of get there.
2. know the assembly point.
3. know the alternate route in case your first route is blocked.
4. know where to find first –aid supplies and fire extinguishers.
7. What are the various type of fire extinguisher and their
extinguishing material?
1. water
2. foam
3. dry powder
4. CO2
5. wet chemical
[Link] fire extinguisher are good for tackling fires involving burning
paper wood and soft furnishing (class a fires) as the water soaks into
the materials and cools them
[Link] fire extinguisher are suitable on class a fires and fires
involving flammable liquids (CLASS B)
3. dry powder fire extinguishers are incredibly versatile and can be
used for almost every kind of fire(Class A, Class B, Class C)
4. CO2 fire extinguishers are mainly used for electrical fires.
5. wet chemical fire extinguishers are the extinguisher that can be
safely be used for fires invoving cooking oil.
8. What are the steps of operating a fire extinguisher in case of a fire
emergency ?
Step 1: Identify the safety pin of the fire extinguisher, present in its handle.
Step 2: Break the seal and pull the safety pin from the handle.
Step 3: Use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever.
Step 4: Sweep it from side to side.
9. Compare the different type of fire extinguisher
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Water CO2 Dry Carbon Mechanical ABC dry
Chemical dioxide foam powder
Powder
Class A Suitable Not Not suitable Suitable Suitable
suitable
Class B Not suitable Suitable Suitable Suitable Suitable
Class C Not suitable Suitable Suitable Not suitable Suitable
Class D Not suitable Suitable Not suitable Not suitable Suitable
10. List the different class of fire?
Class A Material: materials such as wood, cloth, and paper, which won’t
ignite on their own but will continue to burn once exposed to a heat source.
Class B Material: all liquid, grease, and gas materials that burn when exposed
to ignition sources.
Class C Material: electrical materials and equipment. These materials cause
fires very quickly and present a serious risk of arc flash.
Class D Material: any materials that are volatile and able to quickly ignite,
such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium.
11. List out electrical rescue techniques
Electrical Rescue Techniques:
Approaching the accident:
• Never rush into an accident situation.
• Call 108 as soon as possible.
• Approach the accident place cautiously.
Examining the scene:
• Visually examine victims to determine if they are in contact with energised
conductors.
• Metal surfaces, objects near the victim itself may be energised.
• Do not touch the victim or conductive surfaces while they are energised.
• Switch off the electrical circuits if possible.
Hazards and solutions
• Be alert for hazards, such as heated surfaces and fire.
• In case you cannot switch off the power source, take extreme care.
• Ensure that your hands and feet are dry.
• Wear protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes. Stand on a clean dry
surface.
• Use non-conductive material to remove a victim from the conductor.
12. What is the first aid for electrical emergencies ?
If Someone has been shocked by electricity, you should
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1. Unplug the appliance or turn off the power. If you cant turn off the
power, use a piece of wood, to separate the victim from the power source.
2. Do not try to move a victim touching a high voltage wire.
3. Call for emergency help.
4. If the person is not breathing and does not have a pulse, begin
CPR(Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation)