CHAPTER lll

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This research used a qualitative type of research utilizing phenomenological

approach to describe the lived experiences of students from broken families,

challenges, and coping strategies to address the challenges in students from broken

families.

Phenomenology in as approach to qualitative in inquiry that is grounded in certain

traditions of philosophy and the humanities. It aims to reflect on perspective human

experience which implies a process that emphasizes the unique aims philosophical

experiences of the research participants (Armstrong,2025)

In this design , different challenges of students from broken families will be

uncovered Therefore, open- ended questions were used rather than closed-ended to

allow quality information provided by the participants as much as possible. This was

allowed them to express their views about their problems in their own views.

Locale of the Study

This study will be conducted

Inside the premisey of Pigcawayan. national high school, senior high school

department, poblacion lll, pigcawayan, North cotabato, phil. during the school year

2025-2026.

Figure 1. Geographical location of Pigcawayan NHS

Research Participants

The participants of this study will be three (3) students from broken families, who

will be chosen using convenience sampling technique, where data gathering comes

from people which easiest to reach and the availability to participate in the research

study. According to Cresswell, W. J & Cresswell, D.J (2018) stated that phenomenology

is typically ranging from three to ten participants.

Research Instrument

The researchers will formulate a semi-structure interview guide questions base

from the research problem. Also, the researchers asked for further help from their

adviser for validating and suggesting purposes.

This research used semi-structure in-depth-interview guide questions in data

collection which is consider best fitted instrument to gather the needed data required in

this study. The researchers were formulated the questions based from the research

questions of the study.

The questions in the interview guide will be divided into three main questions. The

participants’ background information was the subject of the first question. The goal is to

build a connection with the research participants so that the researcher can gather more

detail information later.

Second is on the part of Students from broken families experiences in teaching the

learners with special needs. This reveal the experiences of students from broken

families in handling learners with special needs.

Third is on the reasons why students from broken families are struggling and in

which part of broken families with special needs they found challenging.
 Lastly, the coping strategies of students from broken families to these challenges.

The questionnaire was will be validated by the members of the panelist, English

Department Head, and Academic Head. After the approval of final draft of the

questionnaire, the four authorized persons signed the said instrument for its validation

and reliability. The interview guide questions covered the domains in the research

question.

Role of the Research

The researcher’s role is to provide factual information to the study and keeping

confidential inputs during the interview. In qualitative research the researcher’s role is

not simply to collect data from a representative, sample and provide a voice, but also to

interrogate the data and provide knowledgeable commentary (Morse, 1998)

Data Gathering Procedure

According to Kumar (2019), a request letter produced by the researcher relieves

pressure on the receiver and protects the sender from shame. The recipient has

adequate time to think over his response, and the sender may readily accept a written

“no.” The researcher collaborated with the school president, participating school, and

participants when the request was authorized. After that, for the qualitative components

of the study, the researchers requested the special educators to do an interview at their

leisure during school visits. The interview was conducted in a quiet room with the aid of

an audio recorder to precisely transcribe each response.

Data Analysis Procedure

 When all of the requisite letters were accepted, the researchers planned an in-

depth interview with the participants. The researchers acquired the names and contact

information of the three broken families. Participants were told that their names would

not be used in the research.

The researchers conducted the interview in a quiet room and utilized a phone recorder

to correctly transcribe each response. The researcher copied the facts verbatim and in

order after the interview.

Instead of utilizing the participants’ information throughout the transcription and analysis

of the interview and observation, the researchers used codes in the checklist to

maintain the anonymity and privacy of the participants in this study. Thematic analysis

was used to uncover comparable topics and achieve data saturation. The table contains

all of the research questions and responses.

Ethical Considerations

According to Bryman and Bell (2007), research participants should not be

harmed in any manner, their dignity should be respected, and their agreement should

be sought prior to the study. The participants’ anonymity and confidentiality were kept by

not disclosing their names and identities during the study’s data collection, analysis, and

findings. Participants are free to withdraw their participation at any time without

negatively impacting on their involvement in future services or the current program and

relationships with any of the researchers or research bodies involved. Therefore, no

pressure will be placed on those who choose not to continue. Lastly, the researcher

kept the confidentiality and privacy of the participants in the present study by using
codes in the checklist instead of using their information during the transcription and

analysis of the interview and observation.