BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA

MINISTRY OF PEOPLE'S POWER FOR DEFENSE

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
FROM THE BOLIVARIAN ARMED FORCE - UNEFA
MIRANDA NUCLEUS - SEDE LOS TEQUES
ACADEMIC UNIT

TRAINING PROGRAM BASED ON THE DIFFERENT

ETAPAS: ANTES, DURANTE Y DESPUES DE IMNUNDACIONES
ADDRESSED TO THE COMMUNITY OF SAN IGNACIO LOCATED IN
SAN PEDRO DE LOS ALTOS, GUAICAIPURO MUNICIPALITY STATE
BOLIVARIAN OF MIRANDA.

Academic Tutor: Server

Community:
Parilli, Marbelys Solórzano C,
Angel
C.I. 18.444.184

Los Teques, June 2018

1
 GENERAL INDEX

INTRODUCTION.................................................................3
CHAPTER I........................................................4

Problem Statement........................................................4

Objectives.................................................................8
8
Methodology...............................................................9
CHAPTER II......................................................14

What is Risk Management?...........................................................................14

Why do disasters occur?
14
What are events?......................................................................................15
How are threats classified?........................................................15
What is vulnerability?
What is
prevention?.........................................................................................16
What is mitigation?
CHAPTER III ..…………………………………………………...………………
19
What is a Community Risk Management Plan...
19
Description of the Current Situation
20
Scenarios of Risk
...
Activity matrices for Risk Management........................
22
Strategies for the implementation of the Plan

2
 Community Risk Management...
24
Follow-up y Evaluation of
activities.............................25
CHAPTER IV................................................. 27

CHAPTER V
Conclusions..................................................27
Recommendations
27 Bibliographic References
29

3
 INTRODUCTION

This community service has as its main origin the design

of a training plan based on the primary foundation of the
preparation of the inhabitants of the community of San Pedro de los Altos,
municipality of Guaicaipuro in the Bolivarian state of Miranda in the different
actions Before, During, and After a flood. It is understood as
flooding is the occupation bywaterof areas that are usually
are free from this, due to overflow ofrivers, torrentsoramblas, by
torrential rainsthaw, due to the rise of thetidesabove the level
habitual, bytsunamis, hurricanes, among others.
Water is a renewable and invaluable resource for a country, it is a
element ofnecessityvital for life, and often its lack is
product of the drought, makes it evident. However, the excess of water
that overflows the rivers poses a serious risk, although it is not a
event that normally happens otherwise withcharacterofexception, and usually
appear for periods, especially linked to excessive rainfall, which
they increase the normal level of the riverbeds, exceeding theircapacity, and for
So much so, they overflow their banks. In addition to the rains, the melting of
snow is another cause of the increase in the river's flow. The rises of the
Tides and tsunamis also cause flooding.

The training program will be structured by an approach

of the problem, general and specific objectives, justification followed by a
activity schedule that will be carried out by levels and information
planned depending on the educational and psychological level of the participant, it
they will create irrigation maps, and drills will be conducted that allow for
community participation, and the acquisition of knowledge on how
act in the face of a disaster.

4
 CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

MACRO LEVEL CONTEXT (INTERNATIONAL)

In the world, the consequences of major disasters of origin
natural and anthropogenic factors that in recent years have affected more
severity to developing countries and low-income countries, and with the
objective of promoting risk mitigation through incorporation
of disaster prevention in economic and social development in
all the nations of the world where their inhabitants are included, the
The United Nations General Assembly approved declaring the 'Decade
International for the Reduction of Natural Disasters (DIRDN) from
since 1990.

It is known as flooding,phenomenonnatural, through which the water

covers the lands, reaching at times such heights that it can
leave submerged houses, vehicles, flood streets, destroy crops,
with danger, even vital, for all living beings that inhabit the place,
and enormous economic losses.
Globally, significant flooding has been recorded which has
claimed the lives of many victims, some of them in the flooding of
Mississippi, as it is remembered for the most destructive flood in the
history of the United States having moved 65,000 cubic meters of
water every second. During the summer of 1926, heavy rains occurred.
they were present in the central part of the Mississippi River, and by Christmas day

5
the water level of the Cumberland River exceeded 17 meters, a record that
it maintains to this day.

The river exceeded its levels in 145 areas, flooding more than 70,000.
square kilometers with a depth of 10 meters, causing $400
millions of dollars in damages and killing 246 people. And although it has not

site of the deadliest floods, the destruction still remains like a

record for the United States, which was not broken even by the floods of
2010 in the same area.

Another flood with a great social impact due to the overflowing of the river
Amazon: The reason for this flood was the deluges of 1953 which
caused the flow of 370,000 cubic meters of water per second.

To get an idea of the vastness of the river, it can be said that it is the
responsible for 20% of the freshwater discharge on the planet in the
oceans, so the destruction caused by their overflow is enormous
due to the large amount of infrastructure and dams being built
around the river.

NATIONAL LEVEL CONTEXT

In Venezuela, there have been high magnitude floods, one of which is the
known tragedy of Vargas also referred to as the Disaster of
Vargas is how the group is knownlandslides, shifts of
lands and floods that occurred on the Caribbean coasts ofVenezuelathe 15
of December of the year 1999 and especially tragic for the state of Vargas,
from where it receives its name, but which affects other regions of the
country. This is considered the worstnatural disasteroccurred in the country
after theVenezuela Earthquake of 1812The death toll
Although unofficially, they are estimated to range from hundreds to thousands.
less than 7001up to 30,000 dead depending on the source), while

6
that the affected individuals, also not officially confirmed, are counted in
tens of thousands. This fact appears in theGuinness Book of Records
recordsas the highest number of fatalities from a mudslide.2

The most affected areas by thenatural disasterfrom December 15 to 17

they are the coasts of the statesVargas, MirandayFalconThousands of people
were displaced and entire towns were left devastated, among the
infrastructure lost due to the disaster includes universities, large
hotels, clubs, important communities, roadways, among others.

The Aragua state recorded the El Limón Tragedy, which was a natural disaster.
occurred the event onSeptember 6of1987It consisted of a landslide of
sediments from the hills of theHenri Pittier National Park,
caused by heavy torrential rains that enveloped the mountains
in urban areas ofThe Lemonin the stateAragua(Venezuela).

LOCAL LEVEL CONTEXT

In the community of San Pedro de los Altos, the presence of has been recorded.
flooding. The overflow of the San Pedro River due to the rains left
as a result of the flooding of four homes in the capital of
Miranda, the information was provided by the director of Civil Protection Guaicaipuro,
Juan Gil, who pointed out that the incident occurred in the morning hours,
specifically at 7:30, at the height of the bridge of the central area, in a
section at the height of the El Progreso club, in the San Pedro de Los parish
Highs.

It was a slight overflow that also sent sediments and logs towards
the main road of the village. There are four homes affected by flooding,
water inlet and outlet; three houses in the central area and one on the street
The Mangos. One of the properties has loss of belongings,” he specified.

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He pointed out that in the municipality of Guaicaipuro, made up of the parishes of Los

Teques, Cecilio Acosta, Altagracia de la Montaña, San Pedro de los Altos,

Tacatá, Paracotos and El Jarillo have 40 officials active.
Civil Protection monitoring the rains, which are expected to continue during the
rest of the day.

Due to the issues previously raised, the present is founded.

community service that is based on designing a plan of
training based on the different actions before, during, and after
from a flood in the community of San Pedro de los Altos municipality
Guaicaipuro Bolivarian State of Miranda. Having as a pillar
fundamentally empowering the vulnerable population for reduction of
human losses at the moment of being impacted by the threat.

OBJECTIVES OF THE SERVICE TO BE CARRIED OUT IN THE COMMUNITY

FROM SAN PEDRO DE LOS ALTOS.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES
Design a training program related to the different stages:
before, during, and after floods directed at the residents of the community of
San Ignacio located in San Pedro de los Altos municipality Guaicaipuro state
Bolivarian of Miranda.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
Evaluate the level of knowledge that the residents of the community have
San Pedro de los Altos on how to act in the presence of floods.
Plan the information model that will be provided to the community
from San Pedro according to his physical and psychological conditions.

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 Carry out teaching activities through the creation of posters and boards.
informative sessions, workshops, video forums, and drills on disaster and emergency matters.

JUSTIFICATION.

Training is of utmost importance in the world as it enables

improve the capacity of responses by the communities to
natural events, the implementation of plans and programs in relation to
the actions during the presence of adverse events, however,
many countries still do not invest sufficiently in prevention and
preparation, and many development agents continue to not prioritize
adequately this type of aid to poor countries. The result
what we are facing is another harsh reality of our time:
astonishing inequalities continue to persist and the global risk of
disasters are disproportionately concentrated in countries
poorer with weaker governance.
The level of response by the emergency authorities in
Venezuela is low in resources since the failure of the economy is the

9
main enemy against society leaving a high level of
vulnerability at the moment of facing an emergency.

The design of a training program will allow the population to

the community of San Pedro de los Altos has a better
development at the time of a flood occurring this
allowing for a greater degree of response at the moment of occurrence
an emergency in the community.

GOALS
Develop the present community service in the community of San
Pedro de los Altos with the purpose of improving the level of response in the
different stages: Before, during, and after floods in a tempo
established for 3 months

GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE.

Boundaries:
North
On:
This:
West:

10
 Geographical coverage of the community of San Ignacio, Pedro de Los Altos
Image taken from the Google Maps application.

POPULATION:

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 WORKSHOPS MATRIX
Table No. 1
WORKSHOP OBJECTIVE RESULT

Disseminate the activities to Knowledge of the community of

Project Presentation develop in the process of activities and commitments
construction of the community plan parts
risk management

Diagnosis of to Perform a Community Diagnostic

Community community participatory

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 Motivate the community to the
Motivational integration in the construction of the Motivated Community and in the proc
Community management plan of
Risk.

Identification of areas to identify from the informants Collective Construction of the Ri

Risk keys the risks of the community. current

Establish, based on the

Community Plan for the current risk scenarios of actor identification and recovery
Risk Management community the actions Formulation of the Plan.
blunt to reduce the
risks arising from construction
collective

Strengthening of Strengthen the capabilities Trained community in

Capabilities of emergency response and/or basic rules of:
disasters through workshops of First Aid, Cont
SIACED. fire prevention and search
rescue and evacuation of victims.

Own elaboration (2018)

SOCIALIZATION OF THE WORK DEVELOPED

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 Once the training and construction processes are completed
participatory, we proceeded to socialize with the respective inhabitants of the
communities the results obtained. This was an exercise entirely carried out by
participants in the process with the assistance of the work team. The merit itself is
a reading of the reality of the communities made and socialized from and among the
same community.

WHO IT IS ADDRESSED TO
San Pedro Community
b. Municipal-level public authorities, namely
c, Mayor
d. Municipal Council
e. Control entities
f. Municipal officials at all levels
g. Civil Protection Authorities and other actors and social sectors of
municipality.
h. Public utility companies.
i. Regulatory bodies at the provincial and local level with an impact on San
Pedro from the Heights.
j. Authorities and public institutions of different levels based and/or
incident in San Pedro de Los Altos.
k. Social organizations of different kinds with a presence and/or impact in the
San Pedro de Los Altos, its leaders and their associates.
m. Non-governmental organizations and similar entities, their directors and
employees.
Churches and religious organizations
ñ. Educational institutions of different levels, whether official or private; their
directives, teaching staff, students, workers, parents and guardians

14
among others. Institutions belonging to the health sector, whether public or private and
related professionals.
Trade unions, their directives, and their members.
p. Media in general, their executives, journalists,
social communicators and other workers.
q. Relief organizations: Firefighters, Police, Red Cross, and organizations
assimilated.
r. Community councils.

duration_of_the_course
The course is designed for a total duration of 12 hours, distributed over three
sessions days lasting 4 hours each, starting at the
8:00 am to conclude at 12 pm according to the activity schedule and to the
approval from the outpatient clinic authorities.

TYPE OF CERTIFICATION:
Once the written tests are passed and the 12 hours are fulfilled
a certificate of training from the State Directorate will be granted for participation
Civil Protection and PUMA group.

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 CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

BASIC CONCEPTS OF RISK MANAGEMENT

To understand the dynamics of risk management, it is important to know
some basic concepts on the topic and this way be able to apply them in our
common language.

WHAT IS RISK MANAGEMENT?

It is important to be clear that we live on a planet that is alive and in
continuous change, reason for which throughout evolution there have been
different events that have affected human beings and even if we don't want to
accept it will continue to occur as long as the planet is alive. Additionally
external factors such as pollution, deforestation among others are causing
that the balance of the earth slowly fades away and presents itself increasingly with greater
frequency of events that can often be catastrophic for a community
determined and therefore it is necessary to start developing actions in the short, medium
and in the long term seeking that when they arise again they do not become
disasters. These actions are known as Risk Management (Wilches,
1998

Why do disasters occur?

Many populations are located in areas that make them susceptible to
to be affected by events such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, eruptions
volcanic to name a few and two concepts that are part of it start to emerge
integral of disaster threat and vulnerability.

16
 WHAT ARE EVENTS?
As mentioned earlier, those phenomena that, if they were to occur,
presenting oneself in a specific space and time can cause losses and damages in
communities or in systems that are not adapted or prepared for
absorb without trauma its effects, these are known by the name of
events. If they were to occur in an area where there is no presence of the
Man or his activities are simply expressions of nature (Wilches,
1998).

EVENTS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO THREE TYPES:

NATURAL EVENTS:
They are characteristic of the dynamics of nature and in their occurrence, there is no

responsibility of the human being and is also not practically capable of preventing that
they produce. According to their origin, they are classified into geological threats, earthquakes,

volcánicas, tsunamis, deslizamientos, huracanes, tormentas tropicales, tornados

(Zilbert, 2008).

SOCIO-NATURAL EVENTS:
There are seemingly natural threats such as floods, droughts or
landslides, which in some cases are caused by deforestation, the management
inappropriate use of soils, the drying up of floodable and swampy areas or the
construction of infrastructure works without environmental precautions. They could
to define oneself as the reaction of nature to inappropriate human action on the
ecosystems (Zilbert, 2008).

17
 ANTHROPOGENIC EVENTS:
Attributable to human action on the environment and surroundings
physical and social integrity of a community. They pose a serious threat to physical integrity and the

quality of life of people, (Wilches, 1998) for example: structural fires,

pollution, improper handling of hazardous materials, spills of substances
chemicals, use of materials harmful to the environment, among others.

WHAT IS VULNERABILITY?
Vulnerability is directly related to conditions of weakness or
fragility of the physical or social elements of a community, which may result
affected, damaged or destroyed when a natural or anthropic phenomenon occurs,
considered threatening to that community and the following could be mentioned:
Economic factors: poverty is perhaps the main cause of
vulnerability
but the improper use of available economic resources is also true.
•Physical factors: related to the location of populations and their
infrastructure, the level of exposure to potentially dangerous phenomena and
the quality of the structures and their ability to withstand the impact of the event
dangerous.
Social factors: they refer to the capability that a community has or does not have.
to organize itself and the way it is structured to face the risk.
In the face of the different threats that can affect a community
determined and in many cases cannot be avoided, they must be developed
actions aimed at reducing or eliminating vulnerability to lower the level of
existing risk in a specific area, hence the importance of completing very
objectively the vulnerability matrix and propose actions to reduce it reason
for which this must be done annually (Zilbert, 2008).
Continuing with the previous example of the community settled near the riverbed
of the river, the vulnerability factors can be physical, such as the state and quality of

18
the constructions, there are no containment walls; social, like the little organization
and preparation of communities, organizationally the limited resources with the
what the entities or management bodies dedicated to prevention and
risk mitigation; political, such as the establishment of norms and mechanisms for the
regulation of land use and resource allocation for reduction of
risk. Up to this moment we have the threat and the vulnerability clearly.
defined and when in a certain area one or several threats converge and these
intersect with the vulnerability factors of the community or social group that
living in that area, the risk conditions are then generated, which can
vary to the extent that any of the factors, whether of the threat or of the
vulnerability changes; hence the importance of recognizing threat and vulnerability
and establish the possibility of acting on them in advance, in order to manage
the existing risk conditions, if possible avoiding the occurrence of
disasters.
Risk is defined as the probability of being affected in case of
a dangerous phenomenon presents itself, in relation to the capacity for resistance and
recovery of the different social actors in response to this phenomenon.
The risk factor is fundamentally classified as: high, medium, and low.
When there is a high probability that the construction may be affected
due to the river's rise and if the structure has been built with lightweight materials that
they offer low resistance to the phenomenon, it could be said that the risk is high. In another
case, despite the fact that the probability of a flood occurring is high and the
the construction is near the river, but it has good resistance because it is well
built, there are mitigation works such as retaining walls; it could be said
that the risk is medium.
When the probability of flooding is low (only has occurred
small floods when the winter has been very intense) and the infrastructure
it presents a good level of resistance; the risk is low. The risk assessment is
It depends a lot on the conditions of threat and specific vulnerability.

19
 WHAT IS PREVENTION?
They are all those actions aimed at avoiding the impact that may be caused by a
threat to people, infrastructure, or the environment.

WHAT IS MITIGATION?
If action cannot be taken on the threat factor, it must be taken on the weakness.
of the communities or systems in relation to them, that is, about the
vulnerability. is called mitigation.

What does preparation refer to?

As although the necessary and possible measures are taken to avoid
When an event (prevention and mitigation) occurs, there will always be a possibility.
that it occurs, communities prepare in a proper and quick manner
to minimize the negative effects as much as possible. This activity is given the
preparation name that is the set of measures and actions taken to
minimize the loss of human lives and other damages by timely organizing and
effectively the response and rehabilitation actions.
Within the preparation activities is the formation of brigades of
response, the execution of evacuation drills in addition to the processes of
training focused on emergency response and the definition of states
In the communities, some preparatory activities would be:
• Have the community risk management plan updated.
Identify and communicate the safe zones in case of evacuation.
• Form and train the brigades (first aid, evacuation,
fire prevention and control.
Link the relief entities in these processes (training,
advisories, among others).

20
 Develop actions that allow the entire community to integrate into the
different activities that are included in the community plan for the
risk management.

CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

COMMUNITY PLAN FOR RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk management is the capacity of society and its social actors.
to modify the existing risk conditions, prioritizing action on
the causes that produce it. It includes the measures and forms of intervention that aim to
to reduce, mitigate or prevent disasters. Risk management can also be
define as an intervention aimed at modifying the generating conditions of
risk in order to reduce its levels and eliminate it as much as possible
possible. It also involves the set of actions aimed at disaster management.
It is understood, then, as a process of participatory administration.
through which programs and projects for prevention are formulated and executed,
risk mitigation and emergency response.
Based on the above, COMMUNITY PLAN FOR THE
RISK MANAGEMENT
Set of guidelines of a political, technical, and socio-economic nature that
public authorities and leaders of various social sectors adopt
a community, with the aim of preventing or controlling threats when necessary
possible (prevention) and to reduce the factors of vulnerability against them
threats (mitigation), in such a way that the risks that may eventually
they can affect the community (compensatory management). The PLAN also seeks to
as far as possible, the occurrence of disasters is avoided and that, in case they occur, the

21
the community is better prepared to face its adverse effects and to
recover from them (preparation).
From the perspective of sustainable development, the plan proposes activities
interrelated and long-term aimed at ensuring that neither the dynamics of nature
constitutes a threat to the community, nor does the dynamics of the community
turn into a threat against itself or against the ecosystems with which it
relate (prospective management).
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PARISH OF SAN PEDRO
THE HEIGHTS
The San Pedro Parish covers a geographical area of 103 kilometers.
squares, nestled in a small valley surrounded by hills and mountains, watered
by the river that bears its name. San Pedro de Los Altos is located on the banks
of what was the path of the conquerors of the Valleys of Caracas and Aragua, was
scenario of great battles, like the battle of San Pedro on March 25 of
1560, where Diego de Losada fought in battle against the tribes of the Chiefs.
Güaicaipuro and Terepaima (Oropeza, 2012)
In this part of the city, it is a well-established area that has
appropriate infrastructure and basic services, as well as adequate equipment
urban, has main access roads, drinking water and spring water, network of
sewage system, garbage collection truck, electric light.

AVAILABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
Community House
Church
Square
Sports fields
Health center
Fire Department
Central Taxi

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 Schools

ANALYSIS OF RISK SCENARIOS

ACTORS AFFECTED
THREAT VULNERABILITY LOCATION CAUSES Social Y/O LOSSES
Economic Slide: Lack of High Community index The community for Housing,
o Fire employment, poverty and ignorance of the loss of lives
Crime low wages. Pedro deforestation risk and its human impact,
Educational Flooding: economic
Scarce
situation. animals . y
Knowledge movements among the Rainwater The City Hall: in the environment.
seismic populations of the sine a physical control of
existing risks. management occupation
Social: Pregnancy in Housing adequate
the of San Taponamient
adolescence Peter or on the way to the community for the fires
malnutrition drain missing of structural,
diseases Knowledge facilities losses
related to the electric in risk materials
problem of the poor condition. human lives.
pollution. Unemployment Community
Physics: Housing Missing of Police High index
built without criteria Control criminal
earthquake resistant and police
deficient system
electric.
Table No. 2

23
 Own elaboration (2018)

Activities for Risk Management

Chart No. 3
THREAT FACTORS THAT MODIFICATION OF ACTIONS Who SON
GENERATE RISK PROPOSALS THE
PREVENTION ACTORS WHO
MITIGATION AND SHOULD
Preparation PARTICIPATE?
SLIDING Inadequate Housing Construction of Community
Construction of Safe housing with criteria Actors
Housing Technician.

FIRES Electrical installations Installations Improvement of the Community

in poor condition electric facilities Actors
adequate electric
with technical criteria.
Delinquency High crime rate Security Zoning of Community
zones Actors
dangerous
Installation of a
alarm system
anti-criminal
with
the participation of the

24
 community.
Training
DISORGANIZATION Weakness That the training community Community
N Organizational collaborate for the Organizational Actors
collective well-being Design strategies
(familiar) and for that the
community. community integrates
Community and I participated.

polite

Own elaboration (2018)

SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES FOR RISK MANAGEMENT

ACTIONS SHORT TERM MEDIUM TERM LONG TERM
PROPOSAL (LESS THAN 1 YEAR) 1 YEAR TO 3 YEARS (MORE THAN 3 YEARS)
Mitigation Works X
Training y
Strengthening of the plan X
of Contingency
Education (Seminars,
workshops) recycling X
proper management of the
garbage.
Installation of pots of
trash. X X
Proper management of
garbage X
Higher frequency of
garbage collector X
Cleaning of the channels
of drainage X

25
Own elaboration (2018)

Strategies for the Implementation of the Plan

COMMUNITY RISK MANAGEMENT.
The following strategies aim primarily to ensure the
Implementation of the Community Risk Management Plan of the San Community
Pedro of the Heights.
Incorporate the Community Risk Management Plan into the Plan of
Land Use Planning of the Illustrious Municipality of Portoviejo.
2. Incorporate the Plan into the Development Agenda of the Municipality of Portoviejo
2020.
3. Promote the dissemination of the community risk management plan with the
spirit of ensuring its appropriation.
4. Develop, through the philosophy of community projects, one of
the activities considered within the Plan, as an incentive for execution, in the
future, of the activities contained in this. This strategy seeks in addition to the
management of the plan, involve the participants in a learning process that allows them
allows to understand the different mechanisms involved in the development of a project.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
For the execution of this Plan, it is important to take into account the
the following general considerations in each of the activities to be developed.

ENVIRONMENT
The activities proposed in this plan must be aimed at
protection of the environment and its care in order to ensure development
sustainable

26
 INSTITUTION
It is necessary to manage through governmental institutions at the level
national, regional and local, private institutions the execution of these activities
as long as it is deemed necessary.

COMMUNITY
The immediate responsible parties for risk management in everyday life of
the different communities are their own leaders and their members. The culture of the
risk management, includes a culture of prevention that will materialize in attitudes
concrete and normal from the different actors and sectors of a community in the face of its
social and natural environment, both in emergency situations and in their activities
usual habits, as well as all members of the different audiences towards the
Who is this plan aimed at, are they simultaneously members of any community.
As this is a RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN and not just
an emergency plan, it aims, through it, to provide leaders – men and
women from the different communities of San Pedro de Los Altos, elements that give them
allow them to focus their leadership on the construction of sustainability.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF ACTIVITIES

Every plan must necessarily contain mechanisms that allow for evaluation.
its development over time. According to the structure proposed within the
This document, it is necessary then to continuously investigate the progress.
or evolution of the following points: Level of Execution of activities, achievement of
the objectives, commitment of social actors and compliance over time.
Execution level of activities: It allows to determine the percentage of
progress of a certain project or activity, after being approved or funded.

27
 Achievement of objectives: It aims to determine whether the project achieved or not
objective that was intended to be achieved, or if it was only partially accomplished.

Commitment of Social Actors: It seeks to identify the levels of

participation and commitment assumed by the identified social actors in the
initial formulation of the project.
Compliance on time: What this indicator seeks to identify is whether the
The activity was carried out in a timely manner, that is, at the right moment.

28
 CHAPTER IV
RESULT AND ANALYSIS

29
 CONCLUSION

According to the analyses conducted prior to establishing the variable

proposal for a training program on adverse events, in the community of
San Pedro de Los Altos, the following conclusions were obtained below.
they are described:

It was verified that the participants mostly acquired knowledge.

in adverse events, although they do not consider them violent, they admit that they are
natural disasters, where they can intervene for the implementation of measures
protection before its appearance to mitigate, prepare for, and prevent the effects on
risk areas specific to the places where they operate and must coordinate
actions with the competent authorities
Regarding the actions to be taken during the occurrence of an event.
it became evident that they do not keep calm in the development of a
possible eventuality, but if the self-protection or safeguarding measures are applied,
they also account for the victims by classifying the urgency of the emergencies
of the cases according to the priority and limitations of the person, in such a way
they notify the competent authorities.
It was demonstrated in this study that organisms do not perform evaluations of
damages, with the competent authorities, and do not coordinate the establishments of
support measure for the affected population, as well as they do not carry out the follow-ups to the

victims confined in medical centers.

RECOMMENDATIONS
According to the conclusions of the results obtained, it is possible to
assume the following recommendations:

30
 Once the application of this proposal has been evaluated and the adaptations made
it would be advisable for this to be applied throughout the Municipality
Guaicaipuro, with the intention of achieving a greater number of human resources
prepared in the attention before, during, and after adverse events.
Motivate all participants who have been trained with this proposal to
to become multipliers of information.

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 REFERENCES

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