FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE

ACADEMIC PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE

Academic Report
TITLE
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIGRAM OF THE ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN OF HOUSING IN THE
MIRAFLORES DISTRICT

AUTHORS

LESLIE PICÓN FERNÁNDEZ

SOTO SILVESTRE, KELVIN
SOPLAPUCO MARÍN, VÍCTOR
ZÁRATE PALACIOS, WENDY

ADVISOR

MONTERO CARBO, CASIMIRA EDITH

LIMA - PERU

2015-I
 Index

Introduction

1. Definition of architectural design of houses .........................................................................5

2. Architectural design features of homes ..............................................................6

3. Importance of architectural design

4. Architectural design processes ...............................................................................................8

5. Architectural design strategies for housing ........................................................................9

Conclusion

Bibliographic References ................................................................................................................ 11

Annexes.............................................................................................................................................. 12

ii
 Introduction

Architectural design is a set of systems that blends art and science for
transformation of a physical world generating proposals and ideas, and it is very important for the

architecture.
The architectural design of houses in the Miraflores district has increased in these
last years, therefore this research refers to the housing of this sector, which leads us to
It is important to characterize in order to obtain information for ongoing projects, not just for the sector.

social but also to understand the explicit and implicit requests made by the inhabitants.
For this reason, the definition, characteristics, importance, process, and the
strategies for architectural design. Subtopics that will help us develop further
deeply this report.
Bojórquez. (2001), in his thesis titled Towards a Theory of Signification in Design
Architectural. Prepared to qualify for the degree of Master in Architecture at the University of San
Carlos from Guatemala reached the following conclusions:

 What does it depend on for a model or a system to be articulated? Among other things, on the

the way in which form and meaning break down into features and values. When speaking
For the first time of such decomposition, it was said that in general terms there were different
ways to carry it out, and that it was necessary to resort to some criteria to choose one
of them. It can now be added that the best analysis of form and meaning is the one that
produces the articulation, this is a one-to-one correspondence between characteristics and
values.
 Designers must subtly notice not only the relationships that are already
conventionally established, but also what the possible relationships are within
of a certain cultural system.
 We are still far from properly understanding what the properties of the relationship are.
what is perceived as mediated and what is not perceived as immediate.
 Another point to consider is that there is compatibility with several
characteristics. When two values are presented together in a single meaning, their
the corresponding characteristics must be physically compatible in order to constitute
the form.

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 The general objective of this work is to investigate the functional organization chart of the design.

architectural of housing in the Miraflores district through the consultation of sources

bibliographical. While the specific objectives are:

Focus the definition of architectural design through the tagging.

2. List the characteristics of architectural design using tagging.
3. Determine the importance of architectural design through fiching.
4. Mention the architectural design process through profiling.
5. Mention the strategies of architectural design through fiching.

iv
 Functional organizational chart of architectural design of homes in the district of Miraflores

1. Definition of architectural design

Architectural design refers to a set of systems that blend art and the
science for its transformation in conclusion is the representation in graphic language of the
buildings and architectural spaces that are projected to be constructed. In the following paragraphs
we will present the proposals of some authors.

EncuRed (2015, p.1) Architectural design is a "Discipline executed by architects and

engineers and focuses on the realization of architecture projects. It is a creative process
by excellence and has as its ultimate purpose the satisfaction of space needs
habitable.

In other words, we can mention that from architecture it is defined as design.

architectural to that action of generating ideas and proposals for the change of spaces for
configure the physical world as well as the systems that integrate it.

Architectural design is also a discipline aimed at generating proposals.

ideas for the creation and realization of physical spaces framed within architecture. In
this scale of design involves factors such as geometric-spatial; hygienic-constructive
and aesthetic-formal aspects. In architectural design, other spheres or areas of design converge whose
The purpose is to provide structures (structural design) and decorative forms (design of
furniture, interior design, gardening, lighting design, to future constructions (EncuRed,
2015).

On the other hand, De la Rosa (2012, p.61) states that "architectural drawing is the material that is
it deals with the graphic expression of the project. That is to say, this subject is in charge of showing

physically the work of the architect.

Paraphrasing the author, he indicates that architectural drawing is that representation

graphic of a project that is based on the techniques and guidelines established to express ideas.

The architectural drawing is that technical drawing which includesthe techniquesfreehand drawing,

of drawing with instruments and computer drawing, for the realistic representation of elements

5
architectural. This variant includes the drawing of buildings, landscaping, and urban planning, since
the different graphic representations encompass perspective, orthographic projections, the
sketches, computer designs, plans, 3D representations and animations. All these types
In drawing, they seek to capture the three-dimensionality of spaces to scale and in two dimensions.
constructed, in the case of projections, by decomposing the bodies into views
of the different [Link] architectural drawingthey appear represented in addition to the forms
of the constructions, the purpose, the requirements, the environment, the materials and finishes (Of the
Rosa, 2012

In summary, we can say that architectural design is a set of systems that

they blend art and science with the aim of transforming their physical world as well as
we define that architectural drawing is the subject that deals with the graphic expression of the
project with this we can conclude that those subjects are very important for the
architecture since both concepts complement each other making that one
composition a more elaborate project.

2. Characteristics of architectural design

There is a multitude of features that architecture employs, such as harmony, the

balance, symmetry among others. Harmony is the tranquility of its elements. A point of
force at the center of gravity indicates balance. Without further ado, we will develop from
more extensively the characteristics.

Molina affirms:

Symmetry is one of the compositional laws that nature applies most frequently in the
the design of its forms, perhaps that is why the human species has always felt attracted to
this simple geometric law and has tried to apply it in his own works, especially in those of
architecture. (2011, p.92).

In other words, the author mentions that symmetry is a similarity in its forms.
which has always been perceived by the human eye and also highlights the simplicity of its rules
and geometric rules and is very applied in the field of architecture in its projects and
constructions.

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 The aforementioned author also tells us that equilibrium is a complete rest since it is...
stability and harmony because it always needs to be in balance physically and mentally. It
Harmony is called a composition that is perfect and balanced among itself, and that is noticeable.
stability and tranquility among them. Symmetry is the similarity in their shapes, this is applied with
frequency in designs (Molina, 2011).

From another source, Ching states:

Just as the condition of axiality can exist without simultaneously having the presence of the other.
Symmetry requires the existence of an axis or a center around which it is structured.
Set; Defines an axis: Symmetry requires a balanced arrangement of equivalent models
formal and especially around a common line (axis) or (point) (2011, p. 348).

Singular symmetry is a set of formally balanced proportions.

especially, since it is around the point and its axis. It is also a similarity of shapes in a way
suitable in the designs.

When we refer to symmetry, a balanced arrangement is required, which is why it is subdivided.

in bilateral and central classes. An architectural composition can make use of symmetry to
organize in two ways of their forms and their spaces. The hierarchy implies that most of the
architectural compositions, in any case how these functional differences manifest
symbolic an exceptional dimension, a unique form or a strategic location. The pattern is
a reference plan that can be related to the other elements of that composition. For
Consequently, rhythm is a movement that is modulated with regular elements.
Repetition is the simplest way to direct the elements, considering that they should not be
to be equal or homogeneous. The transformation is to project a prototype, whose structure is
formal and orderly. Its modification will be discontinuous in order to meet the conditions of the
transformation (Ching, 2011).

Finally, we conclude that the characteristics of architectural design are related.

with symmetry, harmony, rhythm, space, volume, and also gravity.

7
3. Importance of architectural design

Architectural design or architectural composition is associated with lines, drawing,

outlines, schemes or sketches of an architectural project. This process has a
importance in the project, as it gives the thematic and artistic aspect to the new forms of
express themselves in this art. Next, we will quote some authors who share their opinion on the
importance of architectural design.

According to Zátonyi, "Design, like any other art, although not intentionally, represents its
time, its world responding to the needs of future users, symbolizing it.
time his desire […]" (2011, p.178).

This means that the design represents a time, a world without the need for
propose it and in this way respond to the needs of the clients, likewise symbolizes a
I desire like the other arts.

Socially, the name of the word design was established for those activities and areas that
they have to conjugate with the components as well as the conditioning activities due to their
objectives. Typography is one of the areas of design where subjective probabilities,
Detailed decisions and artistic representation are shown to be limited (Zátonyi, 2011).

In this regard, Aguilar argues that "The architect learns to perform his role"
based on the knowledge acquired at university, it will additionally enhance this with
personal experiences and the cultivation of art and culture" (2000, p.9).

This means that personal experiences, the cultivation of art and culture will enrich
the knowledge gained previously at the university will help to carry out
an appropriate way the role that an architect fulfills.

The importance of architectural design in architecture is to respond to needs.

of the client taking into account the place, society, economy and using technique. For
to achieve this objective in a comprehensive manner, architects must be compelled to employ a
organized design process and thus allow us to arrive at the most appropriate response for the
solution to the problem posed. Therefore, the architect learns to develop their role based on
the knowledge gained in university will consequently lead to gaining experience in topics of
art and culture (Aguilar, 2000).

8
 Finally, it is concluded that the importance of architectural design is to respond to the
needs of future users. Since through this art, architects can capture
your ideas of a three-dimensional space like the mind to something two-dimensional like paper, putting
I will put into practice all the techniques and knowledge learned at the university, and with them be able to

design a safe environment to meet the customer's needs.

4. Architectural design process

The architectural design process refers to the selections made by an architect.

to carry out a project and make an appropriate decision. Since a series of steps is required.
by the architect in which he will discard various ideas. In the following paragraphs we will give
more information about the process.

According to Saura:

The selection of a design in the architect's mind arises from a selective process with different
phases in which different selection criteria are successively applied based on the status
collective conceptual. In that sense, the design presents analogous characteristics to the processes
generative of biological nature. (2010, p.86).

In other words, the author mentions that a designer's mind goes through a process.
of selection in which different criteria are applied. Regarding nature, this process has
multiple analogous features that the designer will be discarding various hypotheses until reaching
the most suitable for the project.

The author also assures us that the representative process of design ideas
architectural in the field of biological nature, this stereotype devastates civilization
human. Culture and creativity are intertwined with mental representation, and evolution.
in time, in exploration and a transformation of ideas through various mechanisms such as
they are variation, selection, and transmission (Saura, 2010).

In summary, the process is a sequence that focuses on delivering a specific result. Which
the designer will carry out to improve their ideas and thus establish an order and eliminate the difficulties of

9
its design which will allow for proper work. It evolved over time and gave rise to various
transformations.

5. Strategies of architectural design

Architecture employs a variety of strategies aimed at construction. These

They allow for appropriate work that meets the needs that satisfy the client. Among such
mechanisms we have the bioclimatic in this strategy expresses to us about vital energy; about how
accumulate it; on how to make it benefit humanity and the environment. Next
we cite some authors who detail this strategy.

According to Peries:

A sequence implies the concept of time, it is a succession of steps, events,

events, etc. Continuous or fragmented (not necessarily linear), and with a certain type of
link that relates or chains them, the gaze sequence refers to an active subject, in
movement, in which the images parade at a certain rhythm, but without time to
contemplating them. (2011, p.59).

In other words, we can mention that a process is related to time,

facts, events, sequence of steps, actions, etc. They can be of continuous types or
dispersed not only linearly; they can be in other ways that these are related to each other,
This refers to an active subject that transmits movement where there is rhythm without a
contemplated time.

The author tells us that futurism, cubism, and constructivism embrace unity.
space time in their works. Cubism chooses a multiple perspective opposed to the Renaissance.
Such perspective I use in the field of architectural design. They are individual representations and
static with a possibility of expanding the visual field (Peries, 2011).

On the other hand, according to Rico:

The Gate of the Orient has been conceived under the criteria of sustainable architecture, a term that
we can use to identify the project and building construction process through a
Respectful approach towards human beings and the environment. The main objective is this
methodology is to create comfortable natural conditions through the use of strategies of

10
 passive and active design, reducing energy consumption and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere (2011,
p.211)

In other words, the author indicates that the main objective is to develop this method.
to create strategies for the improvement of the environment in passive and active designs, reducing the
energy consumption and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. From an architectural point of view,
we can define as sustainable architecture, in the planning of the works and in the post
construction of buildings, with an improved quality for human beings as well as for not
pollute the environment.

The aforementioned author also informs us that the primary objective of this methodology is
reduce energy consumption and CO2 emissions. With the bioclimatic strategy, buildings in
The plots allow for better sunlight exposure, the layout of open spaces creates a suitable
air circulation, a microclimate assists in natural conditioning, native vegetation
cleaning and purifying the air is very essential (Rico, 2011).

From another source according to Broadbent 'The three strategies I have chosen are different'

since the former is primarily informed by a theoretical attitude towards design,

the second for the experience in design, and the third for a formal methodology of
design" (1973, p.333).

Paraphrasing the author, we would say that there are three strategies which are different since the
The first is based on a theoretical attitude towards design while the second is based on the
experience of this and finally the third that is based on a formal design methodology.

The strategies consist of accepting theoretical ideas as they are the basis of the methodology.
that this aims to achieve a single purpose. By rejecting that the world is considered as sub-themes
Physicists would not use the method, but if we come to accept it, we will resort to the theoretical foundation.

Consequently, the methodology will be considered. (Broadbent, 1973)

In summary, the strategy is to implement as well as evaluate inter-functional decisions.

that allow them to carry out their projects to their next construction according to the needs that

satisfy the customer also benefits humanity and the environment.

11
 Conclusions

Architectural design is a set of systems that blend art and science.

with the aim of transforming their physical world as well as we define that drawing
Architectural is the subject that deals with the graphic expression of the project with that we can
to conclude that those subjects are very important for architecture since both
concepts complement each other making that composition a more complete project
elaborate.

The characteristics of architectural design are related to the standards of the

geometric figures and also with symmetry, harmony, space, volume, and also the
gravity for the transformation of a project whose structure is formal and orderly.

Architectural design in homes or in the world is very important since

the project process will give an artistic aspect that is the expression of art, so to speak
redundancy that architectural design was revolutionizing over time and
It also contributes various concepts such as typography, which is the area of
subjective probabilities.

The architectural design process is a sequence that focuses on providing a

specific result. This will be carried out by the designer to improve their ideas and thus establish a
organize and eliminate the difficulties of its design which will allow for proper work. What was
evolving over time and underwent various transformations.

The strategy of architectural design is to implement as well as evaluate decisions.

inter-functional that allow them to carry out their projects to their next construction to the
needs that satisfy the customer also benefit human beings and the environment.

Architectural design is a set of systems that blend art and science.

Architectural is the subject that deals with the graphic expression of the project; both concepts are
complement related to the rules of geometric figures and also with symmetry,
harmony, space, volume, and also gravity, in the world is very important because
in the project process, it will give an artistic aspect that is the expression of art this was
evolving over time, improving and perfecting the concepts for a
sequence that focuses on delivering a specific result. To improve your ideas and thus establish a
order and will allow for proper work as well as evaluate inter-functional decisions that

12
allow the execution of their projects in their next construction to also satisfy the client
benefit humanity and the environment.

13
 Bibliographic references

Aguilar, M. (2000). Path to design: architectural design process. Retrieved from

Unable to translate content from URLs.

Bojorquez, L. (2011).Towards a theory of meaning... in architectural design.

Guatemala: San Carlos University of Guatemala

Broadbent, G. and Ward, A. (1973). Methodology of architectural design. Barcelona: Gustavo

Gili.

Ching, F. (2011) Architecture: Form, Space, and Order. (3rd ed.). Barcelona: Gustavo Gili.

De la Rosa, E. (2012). Architectural drawing. Retrieved from

[Link]
[Link]

Basic Concepts of Design in Architecture

Projected Perspectives: Complexity and Representation in Design

urban-architectural. Buenos Aires: Nobuko.

Rico, P. (2011). The architecture of the cosmic order. What is feng shui? Retrieved from

Bgkc[Link]
[Link]?id=tj7M1D1I_lUC&redir_esc=y

Saura, C. (2010). Architecture and environment. Retrieved from

Unable to access or retrieve content from the provided link.
o+architectural&hl=en&sa=X&ei=SPxsVaixF7LLsASYgYGYCA&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage
e&q&f=false.

Wall, E. and Waterman, T. (2012). Urban Design: Landscape Architecture. Donastia-San

Sebastian: Norea.

Zatonyi, M. (2011). Architecture and Design: Analysis and Theory. Buenos Aires: Nobuko.

14
Annexes

15
 Annex 1

RUBRIC FOR EVALUATING THE ACADEMIC REPORT

Topic: Accounting standards for the preparation of financial statements of a commercial company
the city of Lima.

CRITERIA RATING SCALE

Excellent Regular Defective Null (0) Score
Introduction 3 2 1 0
n Present the topic, the Present the parts Does not comply with one of Did not comply with the
delimitation, the requested but the requested parts. task
background and objectives evidence some of them Many evidence
(general and specific). difficulties in the difficulties in the More violations
Meets the criteria of criteria of coherence and criteria of coherence and of an indication.
coherence and cohesion. cohesion. cohesion.
Development: 3 2 1 0
Structure Each subtopic is Present the structure Fails to comply with a Did not comply with the
structured based on four requested but evidence indication. assignment.
at least paragraphs. some difficulties in Many evidences
Meets the criteria of the criteria of coherence difficulties in the Fails with more
coherence and cohesion. and cohesion. criteria of coherence and from an indication.
cohesion.
Development: 3 2 1 0
Insertion of The quoted text is inserted The literal quote is The paragraph is formed Did not comply with the
quotes adequately within a inserted in the paragraph only by appointment. task.
paragraph and mention the sourcebut evidence is minimal
parenthetical. errors. Does not comply with a Fails more
It has been explained that It has not been explained the indication. from an indication.
content of it. content of the quote.
3 2 1 0
Present the results of the Present the results The results of the Did not fulfill the
Conclusion research in a way of the research investigation are not homework.
clear and direct in response to although some ideas do not complete.
the objectives. they are very clear. Fails to comply with a Fail to comply with more
indication. of an indication.
Spelling 3 2 1 0
The text is written without The text presents one The text presents more than Did not comply with the
spelling errors (use of to three errors three spelling mistakes. task.
letters, uppercase, accents, spelling.
score).
Style 3 2 1 0
He has fulfilled the He has fulfilled the The text presents more than Did not comply with the
style adjustments: style adjustments. three mistakes in the task.
title writing, indentation, Present from one to three adaptation to style.
bibliographic references in errors.
order and according to the norm of the
School.
Presentation 2 1 0.5 0
ny Present on the date/time Present at the date/time Present at the date/time Did not comply with the
responsible requested and meets all the indicated but non-compliant indicated but not complied assignment
dad instructions given: binding, with one or two with more than two
cover, index, enumeration indications. instructions.
of pages, attachments, format.
Total score

Teacher: Montero Carbo, Edith Class601Bafternoon

Members:
1. Picón Fernández, Leslie Kelvin Soto Silvestre
2. Soplapuco Marín, Víctor Wendy Zárate Palacios

16
Annex II

17
18