Understanding the Osteoarticular System
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ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding the Osteoarticular System
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School No. 1 'Felix de Azara'
7th month 'C' T.M
Topic: OSTEOARTROMUSCULAR SYSTEM
Members:
Covino, Iara Maitena
Gauto, Graciela Edith
Forcado, Lucas
Alexander Morinigo
YEAR 2019
The OSTEOARTROMUSCULAR SYSTEM (SOAM) is the principal
in charge of allowing all the movements we make of
everyday way. It is a conglomerate formed by the skeleton,
but separately it is made up of the skeletal system, it is
to say, the bones, the muscular system and the joint system, also
known as the joints.
Thanks to the osteoarticular muscle system (SOAM), we can walk.
run, play or practice a sport. Although most of our
movements are responses to stimuli received from the outside, in
In reality, each of them is executed by internal stimuli of
our organism and it is there where the osteo system comes into play
musculoskeletal
Thanks to this system, we can move and relocate from one place.
to another, allowing us to move the entire body.
That is why when a person has an accident and ends up
with a disability to move their limbs, they try to replace
the inability to move with technological devices, such as
prosthesis, wheelchair or the implant of those limbs.
There are two types of locomotion or movement, and this can be active.
Passive locomotion is when we move
from one place to another without the need to move the osteoarticular system
muscular, that is, through cars, motorcycles, planes, buses, among others
others.
In active locomotion, if we put our body to work and function.
musculoskeletal system. In this case, we are moving and
our bones, muscles, and joints, too.
Division of the osteoarticular system
As mentioned earlier, the SOAM is composed of the
bones or the skeletal system, the joints, (which are responsible for
to allow the union of one or more bones) and the muscles. This
system contributes to movement, stores different minerals and
protects the internal organs of the body, in addition to producing the
blood cells.
The bones
They are the main support of our body. Bones are the part
more rigid and hard of the skeleton, they are whitish and resistant,
although they may seem weak and fragile, they have the ability to
to bear the entire weight of the body.
The compound of all the bones forms the complex called
skeleton. The human body has around 206 bones in its
interior. This is what is called the skeletal system, but in addition, it
include osteocytes, which are the bone cells.
Bone cells can be compact (the osteocytes are close together,
they are heavier and hard) or spongy (the osteocytes weigh
fewer, since they are separated.
The main function of the skeleton and bones is to give shape.
to the whole body and to the individual parts, such as the limbs.
In addition, it helps us to:
Stay upright.
Contributes to the protection of the organs (for example, the ribs)
they protect the heart, the liver, the spleen, and the lungs; the pelvis
protects the bladder, the reproductive organs in the case of females and the
intestines), from the cranial cavity (protect the brain and give shape
to our face) and of the thoracic cavity.
Facilitates all kinds of movements.
They create blood cells (calledred blood cellsand antibodies
in charge of defending the body against foreign bodies.
Stores calcium, which is the protein responsible for hardening and
protect the bones, since without this protein the bones become
wear out.
In this system, the is locatedspinal cordwhich is protected by the
spine and is the main route of thebrain pto exchange
messages with the rest of the body.
The joints
The joints are one of the main elements that allow
the development of movement, since they are a set of structures
that facilitate the union between bones and make the skeleton
flexible.
They are the main reason why transportation takes place.
suitably, as it allows movement without excessive friction
between the bone units, otherwise, the bones would get hurt.
As Moriconi defines in his book The Osteo-Arthro-Muscular System:
An articulation is called the point of contact between two or more bones.
in such a way as to enable the movement” (Moriconi, D, n.d)
The joint system is composed, in turn, of various elements:
the ligaments, the joint capsule, the cartilages, and the menisci.
Depending on the part of the body where the joints are located,
they can have more or less movement. For example, the
The joints of the hands are some of the most active in the body.
on the other hand, the joints found in the skull are
more rigid.
Precisely because of the movement capacity given to the place
where they are located, the joints are divided as follows
way:
Immovable joints, fixed orsynarthrosis(found in the skull)
Semimovable joints oramphiarthrosis(found in the pelvis and
in the spine
Mobile joints or diarthrosis (found in the elbows, knees,
fingers, hips, among others).
The muscles
The muscles of the body are more than 650 and they constitute a tissue that
It brings the possibility of movement and the ability to exert force.
to the osteoarticular system. In addition, they allow the action of others
systems, such as the circulatory orrespiratory,by exercising an action that
it involves the force they produce. Muscles are made up of
cells called muscle fibers, which differ from each other
according to its structure and location.” (Mariconi, D, n.d).
The muscles are masses of tissues that pull from the muscles to the
moment to make any movement. The muscular system is the
which allows for the adoption of different positions in the body.
Whether blinking or turning, the muscular system always acts and
it allows the organs to move their own substances, such as the
blood or other fluids from one place to another in the body.
By joining these three systems (articular, bone, and muscular), the
musculoskeletal system, responsible for allowing us to perform
any type of daily activity.