BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA

MINISTRY OF POPULAR POWER FOR EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
POLYTECHNIC TERRITORIAL UNIVERSITY OF YARACUY 'ARISTIDES
BASTIDAS
NATIONAL PROGRAM OF TRAINING IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

ACADEMIC RECORD AND CONTROL COMPUTER SYSTEM

NOTES FOR THE GUAYUREBO EDUCATIONAL UNIT OF THE STATE
YARACUY.(SICRA)

Independence, December 2019

 BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA
MINISTRY OF POPULAR POWER FOR EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Yaracuy Territorial Polytechnic University "Aristides"
BASTIDAS
NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR COMPUTER TRAINING

ACADEMIC RECORD AND CONTROL COMPUTER SYSTEM

NOTES FOR THE GUAYUREBO EDUCATIONAL UNIT OF THE STATE
YARACUY.(SICRA)

Authors Certificate

DazaTovar, Carlos Luis 27,012,116

Anderson Javier Bracho Gutierrez 24,558,706
Freddy Alexander Santana Villalobos
Salcedo Villa, Elieser Marcelo 26,224,582

Trainer Professor
Sequera Dorka
Advisor Professor
Isabel Coronel
 Independence, December 2019
THANK YOU

We thank God mainly for blessing us every day.

with the miracle of life, for giving us patience, will, and discipline
to face each of the obstacles that we could encounter in the
path to the realization of the present research project.
To our parents, the fundamental architects of each one of
our dreams; for their infinite support and for providing us with advice,
education and values that will guide us on the path to becoming professionals
successful and achieve our goals.
To the staff of the Guayurebo Educational Unit for their immense
collaboration and availability, for allowing us to provide you with our
knowledge and for being our helping hand.
To our training teacher Sequera Dorka and to our teacher
advisor Isabel Coronel for being our main guide to excellence of
our work, for your affection and for giving us each of the advice
necessary to advance and grow in the academic field.
To our friends and classmates who are always there
present on the path of our beautiful career.
 DEDICATION

We dedicate this research project to

mainly:

• To GOD who is the engine of our lives, who guides us and us

bless us to reach each of our goals.

• To our parents, who are our main support both morally

as unconditional for the achievement of each of our goals
and dreams. Just like to our grandparents, siblings, husband, and others.

family members, who are always there to listen to us, to understand us

and help us at all times.

• To the staff of the Guayurebo Educational Unit for opening their doors and
allow the completion of this work in your facilities.

• To the training teacher Sequera Dorka and to the advising teacher Isabel
Colonel, those who were in charge of the success of this work,
strengthening all weaknesses in order to achieve everything proposed.

• To our friends and study companions, who are always there

present in good times and bad.
 INDEX

Pag.
Certificate of Approval of the Socio-Technical Project
Acknowledgment
..............................................................................................
Resumen
Introduction.............................................................................................
DIAGNOSIS
Location
Historical Review of the Community
Misión
Vision
Valores
Description of the institution....................................................................
Description of the needs
Hierarchization
Problem Tree
CHAPTER I. THE PROBLEM
Problem Statement
Problem Formulation
Research Questions
Research Objectives
General
Specifics
Justification
Research line
CHAPTER II. FRAMEWORK OF FOUNDATION
Background...........................................................................................
Technical Foundation
Theoretical Foundation
Legal Foundation
CHAPTER III. METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK
Type of Research
Technological Research
Research Design
Field Research
The Confirmatory Research
Evaluative Research
Techniques and Instruments for Data Collection
Risk Factors and Success Factors of the Project
Feasibility Study
Action plan
Schedule of activities
CHAPTER IV. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
Development Methodology
Artifacts
Manuals
User
System
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT AND BENEFITS
SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL
System Description
Socio-environmental benefits
CHAPTER VI. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
Recommendations
REFERENCES
Bibliographic
Electronics
ANNEXES
Data collection instruments
Evidence
Certificate of Advice
Certificate of Implementation of the system
Delivery report of the system
 BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA
MINISTRY OF PEOPLE'S POWER FOR UNIVERSITARY EDUCATION
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TERRITORIAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF YARACUY 'ARISTIDES
BASTIDAS
NATIONAL COMPUTER TRAINING PROGRAM

ACADEMIC RECORD AND CONTROL COMPUTER SYSTEM

NOTES FOR THE GUAYUREBO EDUCATIONAL UNIT OF THE STATE
YARACUY.(SICRA)

Authors:

Daza, Carlos C.I.:27012116 (carlos1998daza@[Link])

Bracho, Anderson C.I.:24558706 (andersonjavi0@[Link])
Santana, Freddy C.I.
Elieser Salcedo

Trainer Professor: Sequera Dorka

Advisor Professor: Isabel Coronel
December 2019
SUMMARY
The main objective of this project is to develop and implement
a Computer System for Academic Record and Grade Control for the
Guayurebo Educational Unit. Indeed, a diagnosis was made to
to know what problems were present in that institution. The
The present study is framed within a research project
technological supported by a field study, due to the fact that the data was collected
information related to the topic through strategies of techniques and
information collection instruments, as well as the researchers
they had direct contact to generate the diagnosis and thus analyze the
information, through interviews conducted with the staff working in the
Educational Unit Guayurebo to which the system is aimed. Upon having
Having detected the problem, the correct solutions were sought in order to.
resolve it, a computer system was implemented where it could be managed to
a better labor management. For the development of the system, the
software development methodology RUP, which provided the tools and
necessary artifacts for its development; on the other hand, it is
It is important to mention that there is a user manual available to facilitate
the correct use of the system.
Descriptor Terms: Computer system, registration system
academic.
 INTRODUCTION

Technology helps to solve problems and needs that are

they find around this way it continues knowing that their
importance is great, it is said that technology and systems of
Information within an organization is not something new; for a long time
before using computers for their automation, organizations
they gathered, stored, and updated information in the normal course
of their daily performance. Nowadays, organizations are made up of
many systems, each with its own characteristics, which in turn are
similar in systems of the same type.
Considering that worldwide information systems
technologies are recognized for their great reach for corporations and
taking into account that through the use of these systems great results are achieved
advances in operational processes as they provide a great platform
of information. Based on the argument in which a system of
information acquires components that are related, retrieved, processed,
They store and distribute data to support decision-making in the
coordination, control, analysis, and visualization of an organization. Such
it is the case of the automated academic record systems which
they streamline information exchange and updates on performance
work-related, aimed at narrowing that technological gap that exists between
teachers, parents, representatives, students.

In the same way, if you want to keep track of students of a

A correct institution can use a registration system.
academic and grade control that can achieve great benefits. The
the importance of this research is centered on the fact that the Unit
Educativa Guayurebo does not maintain an adequate enrollment process.
because they do it manually.

9
 Therefore, the study proposes a computer system.
Academic Record and Grade Control that contributes to systematizing the
daily operations, establish the checkpoint and organization for a
good control that allows the institution to be part of the growth and the
technological innovation.
This project is structured by various chapters of
the following way:
Diagnosis: The location and historical review of the community are mentioned;
as well as the mission, vision, values, description of the institution and of
the needs; similarly the prioritization and the problem tree.
Chapter I: Presents the statement of the problem, where it describes
a detailed form of the problem presented, the questions of the
research, as well as the objectives of the research, both general and
specifics and the justification of the research
Chapter II: The background of the research is outlined which
have a direct relationship with the object of study, in the same way they
they present the theoretical bases that will serve as support in the research
among them is the theoretical, technical, and legal foundation.
Chapter III: Refers to the type of research, likewise presents the
techniques and instruments for data collection, the application of some
instrument; the risk factors and the activity schedule.
Chapter IV: It constitutes the software development methodology, where
the specification of functional and non-functional requirements is established,
in addition to all the artifacts, the user manual is outlined for the
proper management of the system, its way of using it, applying it, and developing it.
Chapter V: The product and its socio-environmental benefits are described.
Chapter VI: The necessary conclusions and recommendations are presented
to address the present issue.
Similarly, the bibliographic and electronic references are presented.
Finalizing with the corresponding annexes.

10
 DIAGNOSIS

Location
Guayurebo is located in the northeast area of the Municipality.
Cocorote in the state of Yaracuy, bordering:
• NORTH: Center of the Municipality of Cocorote
• SUR: Center of the Guaratibana Municipality - Trinidad
• THIS: Town of La Ermita
• WEST: Center of the Municipality of Trinidad.

Historical Review of the Community

According to Eusebio Sandoval, a 70-year-old village teacher of the
community, the first school started under the government of Wolfang Larrazábal
in the year 1958, at the house of Mr. Carlos Padilla, with the teacher
Santiaga Rodríguez from San Felipe, who attended to the only
1st and 2nd grades simultaneously. Subsequently, the second teacher arrived.
Carmen Estela Oviedo who was traveling from the Vi jagual hamlet in a
mare to Guayurebo. According to Benigno Martínez, 75 years old (teacher of
the community's village) states that the oldest house in Guayurebo
Mr. Gregorio Fernández's property was used at some point as
school since it had a permanent place to operate.
According to Mrs. Josefa Fernández, 68 years old (teacher of
the land where the school is currently built was donated
by Mr. Erasmo Fernández, the school, at that time had
02 lounges and 01 office, 01 dining room, 02 bathrooms. In the year 1990, it was

an R3 has been built, it is used despite being in a high-risk area

risk, due to the undermining of the ravine, despite so many years of
the competent state body is indifferent to the
multiple problems it presents among them are: the lack of provision of
educational materials, science labs and others. However, the
11
staff working there does its best to keep it in good condition
conditions despite the adversities together with the Ribas Mission. In
In the year 2004, the physical spaces were remodeled through the Mayor's Office.
from Cocorote and the Infrastructure Institute of the state of Yaracuy, but it is still
insufficient due to the increase in enrollment.
The institution has been offering the high school level since the 2004/2005 school year.

General thanks to the initiative proposed by the teacher Amanda Martínez

personal assigned to Ner 177 who worked in UE Santa María and observed
with concern, young people from the Guayurebo community in the
Yaracuy River paleando, simply for not continuing studies. He has
I bring up this situation to the Director Prof. José Veras, Deputy Director Prof.
Ligia Puche, Prof. Dominga Giménez, 6th grade teacher, accepted this.
proposal and an interview was conducted with the parents and representatives, in

special Mrs. Josefa Fernández faithful collaborator of the institution since

In its early days, he had the responsibility of the keys to the institution without being

staff of the institution, simply for having earned trust

of all, however, it was Educational Zone that had the acceptance, thank you
to the teachers María Laura Rodríguez Coordinator of Basic, Prof. Alexis
Pérez, Coordinator of Human Resources, and as the highest authority of
Educational sector Prof. Ángel Gamarra. It starts with 20 students, 5
teachers, 1 worker, 1 secretary, 1 coordinating teacher Prof. Amanda
Martínez.
For the 2005/2006 school year, Professor Amanda Martínez assumes the
general direction of the Durute and la Paula Unit Schools located in
Trinidad Municipality and UE Guayurebo Cocorote Municipality affiliated with Ner 177.
In the year 2006 under the direction of Prof. Amanda Martínez, the management of the
purchase of two (02) hectares of land through the Cocorote Mayor's Office
under the municipal government of Prof. Edward Capdevielle for the new headquarters

school, land owned by Mr. Juan Martínez, to consolidate the

construction of the new school headquarters, due to the fact that the institution is in

high risk area (Report from MINFRA and Firefighters), to date

12
your registration is being processed due to multiple issues
submitted to obtain property title and the transfer to FEDE.
Likewise, improvements are managed for the institution, achieving the realization of the

perimeter fence with barbed wire, thanks to the support of ZE Yaracuy.

In 2007, through self-management, the construction of 01 small was achieved.
class between the R/3, through the Simón Bolívar plan with unconditional support
from Mrs. Luisa Fernández, a member of the communal council, it was carried out

beautification of the school structure. Likewise, a donation was received.

30 tables and chairs from Z E Yaracuy. For the school year 2008/2009,
thanks to the support of Prof. Fanny Bordones and Prof. Ana Korina Godoy
Despite not having physical spaces, they are opening the 4th year, with
the purpose of young people successfully completing their high school education.
On September 27, 2008, the purchase of 2 hectares is finalized.
on the part of the Cocorote Municipality. Likewise, the conditioning of
classroom for the installation of Cebit. On October 6th, the Institution receives
donation of 02 water dispensers, 05 water bottles and 01
1000-liter tank, donated by Arenera NIMAR. For the year
School year 2009-2010, the school is under the direction of Prof. Amanda.
Martínez and the Deputy Director of Primary Education Maritza Leal (assigned to the Secretary of

Education), has a staff of: Teachers: José Sánchez and Ángel

Coa, endogenous development coordinators, Professor Carmen Rodríguez
Teacher of Culture and the support of the CEDNA San Felipe staff. The
The primary school is coeducational, it has teaching staff assigned to the state and the nation.

It has 07 classroom teachers (05 permanent, 01 substitute, 01 contracted) 01

integrated classroom teacher (integration of integrated classroom is achieved), 01
Physical education substitute, a school chess teacher in the shift of the
tomorrow, and in the afternoon shift there are 11 teachers available per hour (03
headlines, the rest contracted), a social educator and there is a lack of a
media coordinator; in addition, there are 03 (01 national, 01 state and 01
worker performing administrative function), 08 workers.

13
 Likewise, on August 5, 2010, through the central CEBIT, it was received
the donation of 21 computers, to comply with the Program of
Computing in educational institutions. Also, attention is given to a
matrícula de 230 alumnos, distribuidos en los niveles primaria y secundaria
aged between 6 and 19 years. The institution is made up of a
physical plant distributed in 05 classrooms, 04 bathroom facilities for females,
which one is in operation, 04 men's restroom toilets, 01
bathroom for teachers, 02 offices of which (01 was enabled for the
first grade "B" with teacher Mildred Salazar), poor water service.
Likewise, a space in the R3 was divided into two academic spaces,
functioning 4th Grade and 5th Grade, in the morning with the teachers
Gregoria Barrada and Teolinda Tovar; and in the afternoon working with 5th year.
For the 2010-2011 school year, the institution continues under the direction of
Professor Amanda Martínez and the Deputy Director of Primary Education Maritza Leal (assigned

to the Department of Education), 01 Teacher with Coordinator of Media function

General, Profesor José León; 01 Pedagogo Social, Profesor Luis Bustillo;
Professor Euder Cordero and Professor Oly Subero Development Coordinators
Endogenous; Professor Gregoria Barrada and T.S.U. Dennys Peralta Coordinator
of Sciences and Health. The primary school is mixed, it has teaching staff assigned to
state and the Nation. It has 07 classroom teachers (06 permanent, 01 substitute)
01 hired) 01 integrated classroom teacher, 01 physical education substitute
(transfer of the Bruzual Municipality due to the retirement of Doc. Daisy Tamayo), and
in the afternoon shift there are 13 teachers per hour (7 permanent, the
hired contractors), a social educator; additionally.
The institution has 3 secretaries, 9 workers; likewise, the
the institution incorporates the Canaima II Program (58 mini laptops) and Canaima
II (24 mini laptops); it caters to an enrollment of 256 students. It also
achieved the placement of the latticework and construction of the floor of the space between the

R1 and R3. Likewise, the donation of 5 water jugs by the

NIMAR sandpit. By the end of July, the 5th year students carried out
beautification of the R1.
14
 For the school year 2011-2012, the institution has only 01 teacher.
with the directive function Prof. Amanda Martínez, due to the fact that the deputy director

(Teacher Maritza Leal) requests her disincorporation, the teacher with

Professor Coordinator José León is relocated to another institution.
educational. The Primary level is attended by 11 teachers and General Medium.
with 13 teachers and an enrollment of 258 students.
In the year 2010, one of the critical issues was the invasion of one (01) hectare.
of land for the construction of the school headquarters by people from
the community, the Mayor's Office of Cocorote under the responsibility of Marcial
Valenzuela ceded the hectare for the construction of Urban Development.
Currently, there is only one (01) hectare. Thanks to the management of
Mayor Abg. Amado Torres is consolidating the definitive registry of
land, it is all due to the continuous changes of the director FEDE at the level
central.
In 2010, the first promotion of high school graduates was completed; however, the
institution becomes part of annex to the EU Dr. Rafael Izaguirre of the
Morita, by ministerial orders, the fact of being Ner and not having a code
to graduate. For the school year 2011-2012, the institution has 01
only Teacher with Director function Prof. Amanda Martínez, due to the
Vice Principal (Teacher Maritza Leal) requests her disaffiliation, the
Teacher with the role of Coordinator Professor José León is being relocated to another.

educational institution. The Primary level is attended by 11 teachers and

Media General with 13 teachers and an enrollment of 258 students.
This year all the staff of the institution is assigned at the central level.
In the school year 2012/2013, Prof. Iraima took over the direction of the institution.

Mosquera, Deputy Directorate of Primary Marian Diaz, however, the level of

media was attended by all the teachers with guidance from Prof.
Amanda Martínez via cell phone due to medical leave (surgery). The
institution loses the resources of the guidance department, due to the
retirement of Prof. Luis Bustillo from the MPPE.

15
 For the 2013/2014 school year, Prof. Amanda Martínez returns.
at the general average level performing the role of deputy director according to vouche.

In the school year 2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017, the leadership is assumed by the

Prof. Masiel Brito, Deputy Director of Primary Prof. María Álvarez, Deputy Director
Media General Prof. Amanda Martínez, Level Coordinator Kerin
Hernández. The institution for the school year 2016/2017 is left without a head.
integrated classroom teacher, as they request a transfer to another institution
educational, a music teacher is incorporated to serve the levels
educational.
In 2017, the VIII graduating class of high school graduates on February 1.
Birthday of Ezequiel Zamora, and by direction of the coordinating teacher
Article 13 Prof. Amanda Martínez conducts the activity Hands That Leave
Footprints of Media General, as a symbol of the work and effort of everyone.
teachers training the youth of the EU Guayurebo. For the year
school year 2017/2018 in mid-November takes over Prof. Yeinkly
Rodríguez the address, Prof. María Álvarez Deputy Director of Primary, Prof.
Amanda Martínez Deputy Director of Media General, Prof. Kerin Hernández
Control and Evaluation Coordinator, however for mid-April
assume the Coordination control and evaluation Prof. Francys Mogollón, Be
they incorporate new staff, almost all belonging to the
Guayurebo community. The institution's Cebit was also stolen.
mid-October. Thanks to the support of the Tricolor mission, we
I carry out painting of the institution's facade, as well as roof repairs.
deteriorated of the central corridor.
For the school year 2018/2019, the UE Guayurebo administration is under the
responsibility Prof. Yeinkly Rodríguez and Prof. Lizmar Landinez CEIB
Guayurebo, together with Prof. María Álvarez, Deputy Director of Primary Education,
Prof. Amanda Martínez Deputy Director of Media General and Prof. Francys
A lot of evaluation and overall media control. It is incorporated into the
institution the teacher CEBIT, Prof. Caromaira Badel, Prof. Génesis Parra with
Social Sciences hours in General Media are transferred to Prof. Kerin
16
Hernández another institution. The teachers Gregoria Barradas and Anamelis
Peña is under special permits for educational zones, being
primary enrollments attended by Professor Laurimar Escobar and
TSU Denny Anzola.

Mission
The comprehensive development of children and adolescents, subject to
right and active protagonists of their own learning, providing them with their
services from the initial level to general media. Education is provided through a
attention process between the family, the school, the community, in a
fully democratic, participatory, and committed environment. Under the
approach of the Pedagogy of Love, of example and of curiosity.

Vision
Achieve an educational institution involved with the family and the
community, developing the potential of the students,
responding to your needs and respecting your characteristics
individuals to provide them with a quality education with a focus
humanist, with the aim of contributing to the full development of his/her
potentiality and its institution as citizens in a
constant society changes, favoring action research
transformative participatory.

Values
◦ Love.
◦ Respect.

◦ Tolerance.

◦ Responsibility.

◦ Solidarity.

17
 Description of the institution
Operating hours: The schedule of the U.E. 'Guayurebo'.
For teachers of Early Childhood and Primary: from 7:20 AM to 12:30 PM.
For students in Preschool and Primary: from 7:30 AM to
12:30 PM
For General Education teachers: from 12:20 AM to 6:00 PM.
For the General Media students: from 12:30 AM to 6:00
PM.
For national administrative staff: from 7:30 AM to 2:00 PM.
For the administrative staff of the afternoon shift: 11:00 AM to
6:00 PM
For community teachers: from 7:30 AM to 12:00 PM.
For the morning shift workers: from 6:30 AM to
2:00 PM
For the evening shift workers: 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM

Description of needs
At the Guayurebo Educational Unit, there are currently various issues.
technological problems, which were verified through techniques and
information gathering instruments, among which are
mention an open interview; in addition to direct observations through
from which it was possible to detect as the main need the lack of a system
IT specialist for the student enrollment process, which led to
identify the following issues:

• Manual Student Enrollment Process in the Educational Unit

Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

• Lack of automation of certified notes in the Unit

Educational Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

18
 • Lack of statistical reports by student sections in the Unit
Educational Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

• Hardware deprecation in the CBIT department of the Unit

Guayurebo Educational of the State of Yaracuy.

Hierarchization
The research group is visiting the institution in order to
witness and observe the existing needs or problems within the
same, thus achieving an interaction with the teachers who
they provided the corresponding information, so it was proceeded to
apply a survey (SEE ATTACHED), which gave us the following
results.

Problem Importance
Manual Registration Process 4 4 1 8
Student in the Unit
Educational Guayurebo del
Yaracuy State.
Lack of automation 3 3 1 6
of the certified grades in the
Guayurebo Educational Unit
from the Yaracuy State.
Lack of statistical reports 3 3 1 6
by student sections in
the Educational Unit
Guayurebo of the State
Yaracuy.
Hardware outdated 3 3 0 0
in the CBIT department of the
Guayurebo Educational Unit

19
from the state of Yaracuy.

Legend
Very High
3. High
2. Moderate
little

Concluding in this way that within the institution the problems

the most prominent are the following

Manual Student Enrollment Process in the Educational Unit

Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

There is a lack of reliability in the enrollment process due to the lack

of a computer system, which the process is done manually to
manage a volume of registrations. At the same time, it tends to generate with
slowness in the registration process and certainly the excessive use of materials
as (paper) to carry out the registration process.

Lack of automation of certified notes in the Unit

Guayurebo Educational of the Yaracuy State.

The institution generates certified grades at the end of the school year.
in this way, the person in charge of generating these certified notes tends to
making mistakes, in addition to having work stress, paperwork issues, and not having a good

organization when carrying out the process.

20
Lack of statistical reports by student sections in the Unit
Educativa Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

There is no good control regarding statistical handling by sections,

however, the staff in charge manually takes attendance
of students, teachers, and failures by sections.

Hardware outdated in the CBIT department of the Unit

Guayurebo Educational of the Yaracuy State.

The institution has a CBIT department whose machines present

hardware outdated which tends to slow down due to not having
sufficient memory capacity, similarly due to problems of
insecurity do not have a fixed internet.

21
Problem Tree

22
 CHAPTER I.
THE PROBLEM

Problem Statement
For several decades, technology has played an important role in
the development of nations, starting from this perspective, is relevant
highlight that developed countries have emerged thanks to the use of new
technological means such as access to information through use
of computer systems that have given an important turn for development
of trade, ideas, cultures, economy, and the well-being of citizens.

Computer systems allow to store and process information.

This way, the hardware, software, and personnel are interrelated.
computing, within it goes through different phases in its cycle of
life, from requirements capture to maintenance.

According to Laudon (2012), information systems are "A set of

interrelated components that collect (or recover), process,
they store or distribute information to support decision-making processes
decisions and control within an organization.

Although numerous computer systems are used worldwide

as it is in the large countries that promote development within the
some are found like the United States, England, and France
where they have developed tools to facilitate usage
of the new information and communication technologies but despite the
The impact of information systems still exists in companies worldwide.
that they have not innovated their way of working since they continue to implement the

ancient methods hindering the process of progress that makes it possible the
growth of the same, that is why they emerge in an inefficient manner
because the work of a particular individual does not go hand in hand
With technological advancements, this causes entities to be seen

23
affected by the uncontrolled handling that human systems may have
has been affecting the population.

As in the rest of the world, in Venezuela the importance of ...

computer development systems because they have changed the environment
social, cultural and economic of the country; it is worth highlighting that the nation

Approximately thirty years ago, I witnessed little progress in the field.

Technological and systemic advancements were scarce despite the progress made.
In these times, there are companies within the different communities that
they encounter issues that affect the work environment and that
They can have good control and management of resources.

In the midst of what technology encompasses, each system has an area.

specifies where it employs a task that involves several processes that make
possible improvement of the working method for this, systems are developed
modular based on new technologies, to expand the infrastructure of
networks, improve information security systems and extend usage
of electronic data interchange.

Problem Formulation

It is worth noting that the government authorities of the Yaracuy state

In recent years, significant advancements have been made in the systems.
IT professionals for public services and electronic procedures with the support of the
Free Information Technologies (IT), marked by the enactment in the
2010 year of the Law on Science, Technology, and Innovation, approved by the
Legislative Council of that entity, which promotes the use of Systems
IT professionals in institutions, such as for example a system of
registration and grade control which can help manage in an orderly manner
organized the processes such as student registration and generating forms
of registration of an educational institution.

Due to the situation mentioned above, it is important to highlight that within

of the administrative tasks that teachers carry out at the time of
24
registering the admission of a student there is a problem from the point
from a technological perspective, since this process is carried out manually,
which creates a disadvantage when it comes to developing the registrations
of the students, in which the responsible staff or supervisors must
perform mathematical calculations to register students which they do not
ensures proper control and management of academic performance of the
students, this also generates job stress that affects the
institution, also highlighting that the problem causes failures at the moment
to record and keep track of grades for each student that is part of the
enrollment of this institution.

Now well with everything mentioned before and what we can determine
together with the teachers, the implementation of a
academic registration system and grade control of students, with the
so that there is adequate control of the
operations that are carried out.

Research Questions

• What is the current situation regarding the registration process?

academic and grade control for the Guayurebo Educational Unit
Yaracuy State?
• What requirements are necessary for the system development?
academic record and grade control technician for the Unit
Guayurebo Educational Institution of Yaracuy State?

• What technological tools are necessary to design the

academic record and grade control system for the Unit
Guayurebo Educational of the Yaracuy State?
• What will be the technical elements necessary for the development of
an academic record and grade control information system
for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State?
25
 • What aspects should be taken into account to implement the system?
at the Educational Unit Guayurebo in the State of Yaracuy?

Research Objectives
General
Implement an academic registration and control information system
notes for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State.

Specific
• Diagnose the current situation of the academic registration process and
grade control for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the State
Yaracuy.
• Determine the functional and non-functional requirements of the
academic record and grade control information system for the
Guayurebo Educational Unit of Yaracuy State.
• Design a computer system for academic record keeping and control
Notes for the Educational Unit Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

• Develop a computer system for academic registration and control

notes for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State.
• Implement an academic record and control computer system
notes for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State.

Justification
The purpose of this study is the application of a
new updated control model that serves to facilitate registration of
the students, and at the same time it aims to understand the problems at the level

technological of the staff who work within the institution the methodology
applied in this project is field research based on the
interview and direct observation in this way we gather information with
which we obtained results for the realization of this project; likewise
a set of guidelines was established that would help guide the
26
development of any process aimed at formulating control systems and
follow-up.

Considering the type and design of research, instruments of

data collection and the processes of result analysis. In this
The project will serve as support and a starting point for innovation.
technological role of educational institutions in the development of work
similar, contributing in the same way as a precedent for future
research.

This project is intended for institutional benefit and compliance

with the proposed lines of research of the National Program
Computer Science Training (PNFI) from our educational institution the University
Yaracuy Territorial Polytechnic of Aristides Bastidas (UPTYAB) already has
provide innovative answers that contribute to independence
technological and endogenous development of the country, and in turn promotes the

community participation to generate a true education

emancipatory and with alternative mechanisms for the formation of the new
republican, through innovative teaching strategies and
learnings.
Within the lines of research, it is found in a way
unequivocal, the relationship of the first line of research of the PNFI, with the
purpose of the Socio-Technological Project (PST), such as the 'Development of
Information Systems and Data Modeling (Automatic systems of
control)". The need to develop information systems for the solution
Addressing the issues is undoubtedly the main objective of PST III.
allowing for compliance with legislation when carried out
the same under free standards.

27
 CHAPTER II.
FRAMEWORK OF FOUNDATIONS

Arias Fidias (2006) defines the framework of foundation as 'The

summary of a series of conceptual elements that serve as the basis for the
investigation.

Background
According to AriasF (2006), "The background of the research includes all
those research works that have been done previously that
are related to the subject of study of the present research and provide
knowledge and contributions made by specialized researchers.

The following are studies that have contributed to generating

background on the topic of the proposal for a registration system
academic and grade control:

Lozano, O (2006), presented a research project called

"WEB interface system for tracking the evaluation process of
student academic performance
develop and implement the system for tracking the process of
Evaluation and Academic Performance of Students. The methodology used
is based on the life cycle for system development proposed by
Whitten (1997), taking from it the stages of analysis, design and
implementation. The new System allows the registration of students and
keep a good record and control of the grades.

Quintero (2008) presented in his undergraduate project, the development of a

web information system for processing, request control and
reservation of rooms for (OREFI) of the University of the Andes. The
28
20 activities that the system allows the student to carry out
requests for certificates (grade certificates, good standing certificate)
conduct, registration certificate, among others), remove subjects and to the
professors can make room reservations within OREFI. The
system is part of the automation processes that are carried out in
OREFI.

Vargas, A (2008) presented the development of a degree project.

system that allows for efficient control of the Program's information
of Teacher Training, from the Continuing Education Extension area
University. The project is titled Web System for Registration and Control
Administrative staff of the Continuing Education area of University Extension
for the Local Center Yaracuy of the National Open University. The
The applied methodology is based on the Rational Unified Process (RUP).
what is a refinement of the Unified Software Development Process, with
UML notation, and in the analysis and design methodology of the Life Cycle of
Kendall and Kendall Systems Development. The oriented approach was used
to objects at each stage of the analysis and design of the developed system.

It is also important to emphasize the need and necessity of having

with a record and grade control method that helps institutions
to maintain good control of registrations and grades, which allows them to
continue with your daily work without encountering setbacks.

These research works are taken into account as a basis.

with this project through the applied methodology (RUP) since I have
try to find a solution to the problem presented by the staff of the institution
Guayurebo Educational Unit of Yaracuy State.

29
 Theoretical Foundation
Once the study problem has been raised, it is necessary to situate it
the theoretical framework that guides the study of all its aspects.

In this regard, Bavaresco, A (2001) indicates that "The theoretical bases must ...
see with the theories that provide the researcher, the initial support within the
knowledge of the object of study, that is, each problem has some
theoretical reference, which indicates that the researcher cannot do
abstraction due to ignorance, unless their studies are based on
pure or exploratory investigations.

In this sense, the theoretical framework supports from a theoretical perspective the

problem, placing it contextually, it is composed of the

theoretical bases basic terms regarding the problem presented within
the following are found:

Information System

According to Peralta (2008), defines an 'information system as a

set of elements that interact with each other with a single purpose, that of supporting
all the activities of a company or business. Taking into account the
computational equipment needed for the information system
can operate and a group of people who are the human resources that
interacts with the information system.” In this way, the team
researcher develops an information system in order to cover the
need that arises in the institution Educational Unit Guayurebo of
Yaracuy State and thus support the work activities of this
institution.

Software Development Life Cycle

The cycle of life of a software according Pressman

to
It is the set of phases through which the system goes.
developing from the moment the initial idea is conceived until the software is retired
or replaced (dies).
30
 In this way, the Academic Registration and Control Computer System
the students' grades (SICRA) will be developed in phases,
taking into account its origin or birth caused by necessity
detected at the Educational Unit Guayurebo in the State of Yaracuy,
followed by its development which ranges from the definition of the project to the
put into growth and maturity.

System

A system is understood as an ordered set of components.

related to each other, whether they are material or conceptual elements,
endowed with a specific structure, composition, and environment. It
It refers to a term that applies to various fields of knowledge, such as physics, the
biology and computer science or computing.

Registration System

It is a comprehensive solution that allows for the optimization of operations.

administrative processes related to the enrollment process of any university or

Higher education institute, with the aim of simplifying processes,
covering the needs of Academic and Administrative Information.

Starting from this concept, the research team develops a System.

IT specialist for academic registration and student grade control
(SICRA) for the contribution to the order and administration of the institution
Educational Unit Guayurebo of the State of Yaracuy and in this way help
with the performance of the same, so as not to generate unnecessary costs.

Control

To carry out a good academic control of grades in the Unit

Educational Guayurebo of the State of Yaracuy requires good control.
both labor and personal; that is why 'The concept of control is very
31
general and can be used in the organizational context to evaluate the
overall performance in relation to a strategic plan. In this way
they understand the corporate plan including all the methods and
procedures whose mission is to safeguard the assets and the purpose of the
financial records and must be designed in such a way that they provide the
reasonable security (Mantilla, 2002, p.42).

Academic Control

It is a program for the control of students' grades and records.

an educational center, allows access to a database of grades
obtained by the students for sending grades to the parents,
printing of paintings for the ministry, certificates, student records,
general data, observations, attendance, bus control, and all kinds of
reports.

The various aspects of responsibility regarding the systems of

registration affects many institutions as is the case in the area of
administration of the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State.

Technical Foundation

According to Valdez (2010), the technical foundation refers to the way of

to test or execute something specific, that is to say how it does in
In this case, each of the factors involved is taken into account.
execution process of a system.

Regarding what has been previously stated for the implementation of

Computer System for the Registration and Control of Grades in the Unit
Educational Guayurebo of the State of Yaracuy, must take into account the
development tools.

32
Development Tools

They are aspects of great importance for the design and development of a
computer system, among which we have: The languages of
programming, the methodology, the database, among other tools
that will consider the system.

NetBeans

It is a very complete and professional development environment. It contains

many features, for different types of applications and to facilitate the

maximum programming, testing, and debugging of applications that
It is developed. It also incorporates its own editor.

RUP methodology

It is a software engineering process that provides an approach to

assign tasks and responsibilities within a development organization.
Its goal is to ensure the production of high-quality and better software.
to meet the needs of users who have compliance
in the end within a predictable time and budget limit. It is a
iterative development methodology focused on 'diagrams of the
use cases, risk management and architecture management as
tal.

Development Principles (RUP)

The Philosophy of RUP is based on 6 key principles which are

following:

Adapt the process

The process must adapt to the client's needs as it is very

it is important to interact with him. The specific characteristics of the project, the

size of it, as well as its type or the regulations that condition it,
33
they will influence its specific design. It will also be necessary to take into account the

scope of the project.

Balancing priorities

The requirements of the various participants may be different,

contradictory or dispute limited resources. A must be able to find a
balance that satisfies everyone's desires. Thanks to this balance, it
they will be able to resolve disagreements that arise in the future.

Demonstrate value iteratively

Projects are delivered, even if only internally, in stages.

iterated. In each iteration, the opinion of the investors is analyzed,
stability and quality of the product, and the direction of the project is refined as such

as well as the risks involved.

Collaboration between teams

Software development is not done by a single person but by multiple people.

teams. There should be smooth communication to coordinate requirements,
development, evaluations, plans, results, among others.

Focus on quality

Quality control should not be done at the end of each iteration, but rather in
all aspects of production. Quality assurance is part of
part of the development process and not from an independent group, it is also
a software development strategy.

34
Raise the level of abstraction

This dominant principle motivates the use of reusable concepts such as

as software design patterns, 4GL languages or schemas
frameworks) to name a few. These can be accompanied by the
visual representations of architecture, for example with UML.

DAY

It is software for creating diagrams that is very linked to what

what is the development of a database, developed as part of the
GNOME project. It is designed in a modular way, with different
shape packages for different needs.

Allowed the creation of diagrams within the preparation of

present Project based on the Information System for Registration
academic and Grade Control of the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the State
Yaracuy.

IEEE

It is a professional organization dedicated to technological advancement and that

it has a wide catalog of standards including

those related to software and systems engineering.

Standards and development process of IEEE

IEEE is one of the leading organizations in the creation of standards

in the world. IEEE develops its standards and maintains the functions through
from the IEEE standards association. IEEE standards affect a wide
range of industries, including: power and energy, biomedicine and health,
information technology, telecommunications, transportation, the
35
nanotechnology, information security, and many more. In 2013, the
IEEE had more than 900 active standards, with over 500 regulations on
development. One of the most notable IEEE standards is IEEE 802,
LA/MAN group of standards that includes the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard and the
IEEE 802.11 wireless network standard.

IEEE 830
The IEEE 830-1998 standard for SRS or ERS (Specification of
software requirements) is a set of recommendations for the
specification of the software requirements or requirements that has
as a final product the documentation of the agreements between the client and the
development group to thus meet all requirements
stipulated.

Purpose

In this subsection, the purpose of the ERS document will be defined and
It will specify to whom the document is addressed.

Scope of System
In this subsection:

• A name can be given to the future system (for example, MySystem)

• It will be explained what the system will do and what it will not do.
• The benefits, objectives, and goals that are expected will be described.
reach with the future system.
• All those higher-level documents will be referenced (e.g. in
Systems Engineering, which includes Hardware and Software, should
maintain consistency with the specification document
global system requirements, if any.

36
Gantt chart

It is an extremely useful tool when it comes to formulation and management of

projects it deals with, as it allows defining, in a graphical, practical and
systematic, the duration of the different activities that must be carried out
to successfully complete a certain project.

Programming Language

According to Cuevas (2011), "a programming language is one that

element within computing that allows us to create programs
through a set of instructions, operators, and syntax rules;
that makes available to the programmer so that they can
communicate with existing hardware and software devices.
effect, a programming language is used to define
appropriately a sequence of instructions that can be
interpreted and executed on a computer.

Regarding the programming language used in the

The implementation of the present computer system takes into account the
planning provided thanks to the National Training Program in
Computer Science (PNFI) of the Territorial Polytechnic University of Yaracuy
Arístides Bastidas because the guidelines must be followed
held by the institution with the purpose of establishing ourselves as
professionals in our field of study.

Referring to what has been previously stated, languages can be defined.

used for the development of the Information System for Registration
Academic and Grade Control (SICRA) below:

JAVA

It is a programming language, concurrent, object-oriented, that was

specifically designed to have so few dependencies on
implementation as far as possible. Its intention is to allow for the

37
application developers write the program once and run it
on any device

PostgreSQL

It is adatabase management systemrelationaloriented to

objectsand ofopen sourcepublished under thePostgreSQL license, similar to

theBSDor theMIT.

Like many other projects ofopen source, the development of

PostgreSQL is not managed by a company or person, but rather it is
led by a community of developers working in a
uninterestedaltruist, free or supported bybusiness organizations.

Database

Ramez, E. (2002), points out that "A database is a set of

related data. The facts known are referred to as data.
that can be registered and that have an implicit meaning" (p. 95). A
A database represents some aspect of the real world, it is a set of
data related, with certain inherent meaning. Every database is
designs, builds, and populates with data for a specific purpose. It is
addressed to a group of users.

SICRA is a database used to catalog the data for

that when searched for, they can be found in a suitable manner
how to obtain a Record and control of students' grades within
the facilities of the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the State
Yaracuy.

38
 Entity-Relationship Model

Entity-relationship diagrams or models are a tool for the

data modeling of an information system. These models express
relevant entities for an information system, their interrelationships and
properties. The Entity-Relationship Model is a modeling concept for
database, proposed by Peter Chen, through which it is intended
visualize the objects that belong to the Database as entities
which have attributes and are linked by relationships.

The components of an entity-relationship diagram are:

• Entity: It is any discrete object that one has

Information. It is represented by a rectangle or 'box' labeled
inside it through a name.

• Relationship: Describe a certain interdependence (of any kind) between

entities. It is represented by a labeled diamond inside.
through a verb. In addition, said diamond must be connected by lines
with the entities it relates to (that is, the rectangles).

• Attributes: They are relevant properties of an entity and/or

relationship. They are represented by a labeled circle or ellipse
through a name within it. When an attribute is identifying
The entity usually highlights that label.

For the creation of the CICRA database of the Informatic System for
the Academic Registration and Grade Control which created an entity model
relationship to obtain the entities and their relationships, as well as the
attributes that belonged to each of them and to be able to obtain an order
moment of programming.

39
 Legal Foundation

The main justification for this aspect lies in the importance that
review in relation to the legal bases that support the topic to be addressed in the
this project; among these are highlighted:

The Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. (1999):

Article 110: The State will recognize the public interest of science,
technology, knowledge, innovation and its applications and services
of information necessary as they are fundamental instruments for the
economic, social, and political development of the country, as well as for security and
national sovereignty. For the promotion and development of those activities, the
The state will allocate sufficient resources and create the national science system.
and technology in accordance with the law. The private sector must provide resources
for them. The State will guarantee the compliance with the principles
ethical and legal standards that must govern scientific research activities,
humanistic and technological. The law will determine the methods and means to give
compliance with this guarantee.

To ensure compliance with what is established in the aforementioned

Article, the application of registration systems is of fundamental importance.
Academic and grade control in public institutions to promote
economic, social and inclusive political growth of the country. Being this the
case of the Information System for Academic Registration and Grade Control
(SICRA) which constitutes an improvement both in that public entity, as
also in the staff that is attended to there.

Article 141: The Public Administration is at the service of the citizens and
citizens and is based on the principles of honesty, participation,
speed, effectiveness, efficiency, transparency, accountability and
responsibility in the exercise of public function, with full compliance
to the law and to the right (p. 95).

40
 To ensure compliance with what is established in the aforementioned article, it is
of fundamental importance is the existence and application of systems of
Record and Control of Notes,

The Computer System for Academic Registration and Grade Control

(SICRA) constitutes one of the ways in which it is carried out.
practice the registration and control system of a particular public entity.

Taking into account what is established in the article, The Information System
for the Registration and Control of Grades (SICRA) cannot be used by the
institution before being shown to the head of the institution, thus achieving
authorize and approve the computer system for grade control of the
students.

Paragraph One: Once the daily workday has begun, all of the
students and the people who make up the labor, administrative staff,
teacher and administrator who arrives late must report to the
address of the institution, or level coordination, in order to justify the
situation.

Paragraph Two: The on-duty teacher must arrive fifteen (15)

minutes before the arrival time.

Third Paragraph: Students who arrive late must sing

the glorious notes of the national anthem, and fifteen 15 (minutes) will be waited for

Let all the latecomers arrive and the anthem will be sung at 7:45 and 12:45.
If it arrives after the anthem and there is no legal justification, it is not allowed.

It will allow entry. Two delays in the month will be considered a minor offense.

Fourth Paragraph: The teaching, administrative, and labor staff with bonus
Bolivarian, fulfills his complete workday according to his shift schedule.
established.
Levels and Modalities: It is made up of the Education subsystem.
Basic, as it encompasses the levels of initial education, primary and
41
media general. Its purposes are identified with Article five (05) of the Law
Current Education Organic Law. It operates in two shifts in the morning and
afternoon. Belonging to the national list.

CHAPTER III.
METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK

Research Methodology

Manuel, Luis (2011) states that 'The Research Methodology is

it is considered and defined as the discipline that develops, systematizes, and evaluates the

set of the procedural technical apparatus that Science has, to

the search for data and the construction of scientific knowledge.
The methodology consists then of a more or less coherent set and
rationale for techniques and procedures whose fundamental purpose is aimed at
implement processes for data collection, classification, and validation and
experiences coming from reality, and from which one can
to build scientific knowledge.

Type of Research

The type of research addressed in social projects

Technological is about technology; in this regard, Castillo (2008) defines it.
as:

It is the activity that, through the application of the scientific method, is

aimed at discovering new knowledge (basic research), to the
that later practical applications are sought (research
applied) for the design or improvement of a product, industrial process or
machinery and equipment

42
 The development team is based on this type of research already
what is a summarized way to research a search process and
generation of planned, conscious, rational, and critical knowledge with the
to obtain knowledge for its application and thereby achieve modification
to transform reality into study and generate a solution to a problem in
in this case the existing problem in the Guayurebo Educational Unit of
Yaracuy State.

There is also a field modality by virtue of which the

information was collected directly in the studied reality.

Sabino, C. (2000) defines this type as 'that which collects data in

direct form of reality, through the concrete work of the researcher
(p. 94), which in this case was done in the same way, by the
need to gain greater knowledge in one's own scenarios of the
facts, in the institution subject to investigation.

Technological Research

Now with the research gathered at the Unit Institution

Educativa Guayurebo conducted technological research, which
needs an academic record and grade control information system,
that facilitates work.
Thus, the research team develops a computer system to
the academic record and grade control for the Guayurebo Educational Unit
from the Yaracuy State, where the procedures to be followed are sought to be described

for the achievement of the objectives and goals set from the
requirements and information obtained.

43
Lack of statistical reports by student sections in the Unit
Educativa Guayurebo of the Yaracuy State.

There is no good control regarding statistical handling by sections,

however, the staff in charge manually takes attendance
of students, teachers, and failures by sections.

Hardware outdated in the CBIT department of the Unit

Guayurebo Educational of the Yaracuy State.

The institution has a CBIT department whose machines present

hardware outdated which tends to slow down due to not having
sufficient memory capacity, similarly due to problems of
insecurity do not have a fixed internet.

21
 Confirmatory Research

Based on field research, the confirmatory research is

the one that aims to verify hypotheses related to relationships
between events and variables derived from explanations or theories, it is interested
in finding empirical evidence that can support or reject such
hypothesis.

Taking into account the confirmatory research, it is important to note that

this project is governed by this design as it involves the method of
observation to carry out the diagnosis of the information system that is being
developing at the Guayurebo Educational Unit in the Yaracuy State, is
it is important to mention that this research plays an important role in
effective system development, and the desires of the staff for
obtain a high-quality system for the institution.

Evaluative Research

Evaluation research is the systematic application of

social research procedures for evaluation of the
conceptualization, design, implementation, and utility of the programs
social intervention.

Therefore, this project is framed under a design of

evaluative research since the study or issue arises from the interest of
staff of the institution, evaluative research is taken as one of
those that constitute the alternative to solve the problem in the institution
Guayurebo Educational Unit of Yaracuy State.

45
Techniques and Instruments for Data Collection

According to Arias (2005), 'data collection techniques are

the different ways or methods to obtain information.
data and information related to this research the techniques that are
they used are simple direct observation and observation through
interview. To obtain the necessary information to know
diagnosis, problem description, requirements, and the different
types of socio-environmental benefits generated from the study of
the techniques and instruments of information gathering applied to the
staff of the Guayurebo Educational Unit of Yaracuy State.

These selected techniques are defined by different authors of the

in the following way:

The Observation

Méndez (2006) states that observation is a technique used with

often points out 'it is the systematic use of our senses in the
search for the data we need to solve a problem of
research (p. 154).

Within this context, the observation applied in the present

The research was direct observation, regarding this Mosque J. Y
Rodríguez J. (2004) states that "direct observation is a technique for
collection of information in which the observer makes contact
directly and personally with the phenomenon to be observed. In this way,
get first-hand information.

Starting from this concept, through applied direct observation

by the research group at the Guyurebo Educational Unit of the State
In Yaracuy, the problem was clearly and precisely evidenced in
as for the Academic Registration and grade control in the institution. (See
Techniques and Instruments for Information Collection, Observation

46
 The Interview

The aforementioned authors Mezquita J. and Rodríguez J.

(2004) consider that 'the interview is a complementary method of a character
planned between the interviewer and the interviewee(s). Its main objective
is obtaining reliable information about facts and opinions.

The interview used for data collection was direct and

individual. The direct interview according to Rodríguez (2004) is "that in the
the interviewer structures and directs the exchange and can be
developed from the formulation of a questionnaire of questions;
guided according to a previously established plan or focused on objectives
precise.

It also states that 'the individual interview is when the interviewee

it is a single subject.” Therefore, in the present research,
conducted an interview with the staff working at the institution
specifically in the area of Coordination. As was: Francis
Mogollón, coordinator of the Technical Institution and Instruments of
Information gathering, interview.

47
Risk and success factors of the project

Risk Identifier: 1
Risk Description: Personnel change.
Business Consequences:
Disagreement with what was planned.
Delay in the delivery of the prototype.
Probability: Effects of Risk:
Low Moderate High Changes to the planning.

X
Period in which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In any of the stages of the Staff of the Educational Unit
RUP development methodology (Start, Guayurebo.
Elaboration, Construction and Transition.
Mitigation Delivery: Be attentive to the changes that are made within
from the Educational Unit.

Risk Identifier 2
Risk Description: Failure to comply with the role of developers.

Technical Consequences:
Non-compliance with the indicated.

Probability: Effects of Risk:

Lower Moderate High Delivery of prototype on a date
not indicated.
X
Period in which it may happen: Responsible(s):
At any stage of the Development team.
RUP development methodology (Beginning,
Preparation, Construction and Transition.
Mitigation Delivery: Joint monitoring of each person's work
the developers.

Risk Identifier 3
Risk Description: Availability of staff attention from the

48
 Guayurebo Educational Unit.
Type of Risk: Business. Consequences:
Collection of little information.
Lack of knowledge of the processes
of the business.
Non-compliance with what was indicated.
Delay in the delivery of the prototype.
Probability: Effects of Risk:
Low Moderate High Unexpected results.
Do not provide a solution to the problem.
X
Period in which it can happen: Responsable(s)
In the initial stage of the methodology Staff of the Educational Unit
this can occur in RUP development Guayurebo.
identified risk.

Mitigation Delivery: Request information via email or phone calls

for any doubts, in case the staff cannot assist us
personally.

Risk Identifier: 4
Risk Description: Poor Communication
Business Consequences
Misunderstandings.
Collection of little information.
Probability: Effects of Risk:
Low Moderate High Unexpected results.

X
Period in which it can happen: Responsible(s):
At any stage of the Staff of the Educational Unit
RUP development methodology (Start, Guayurebo.
Elaboration, Construction and Developer team.
transition).
Mitigation Delivery: Establish schedules for visits and meetings, be
responsible and gain the trust of the staff of the Educational Unit
Guayurebo.

Risk Identifier: 5
Risk Description: Deficiency in information collection
49
 of the staff of the Educational Unit
Guayurebo.
Type of Risk: Technical. Consequences:
Creation of a system that
do not solve the needs
of the institute.
Probability Effects of Risk:
Lower Moderate High Unexpected results.

X
Period during which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In the Initial stage of the methodology of Unit staff
RUP development can pose this risk Guayurebo Educational.
identified.
Mitigation Delivery: Provide ideas to the Educational Unit Staff
Guayurebo on how the software is required, in order to clarify the
need of the institute.

Risk Identifier: 6
Risk Description: That the teams do not meet the requirements
minimum hardware requirements in the Educational Unit
Guayurebo.
Technical Risk. Consequences
Slowness when performing
the inscriptions of the
students.
Probability Effects of Risk:
Lower Moderate High Unexpected results.

X
Period during which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In the Start stage of the methodology of Unit Personnel
RUP development can encounter this risk Guayurebo Educational.
identified.
Mitigation Delivery: Request a computer with the required specification
for the Educational Unit Guayurebo.

50
 Successes.

Success Identifier: 1
Description of Success: That the Information System meets the need
at the Guayurebo Educational Unit.
Type of Success: Technique. Success:
Creation of a system that
solved the needs of the
institute.
Probability Effects of Success: Results
Low Moderate High expected.

X
Period in which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In the final stage of the methodology of Research Team
RUP development can lead to this success.
identified.

Success Identifier: 2
Description of Success: That the Information System is capable of
address future needs in the Institution
Guayurebo Educational Unit.
Type of Success: Technique. Success:
Creation of a system that
satisfy the needs of
institute.
Probability Effects of Success: Results
Low Moderate High expected.

X
Period in which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In the final stage of the methodology of Research Team
RUP development can achieve this success.
identified.

Success Identifier: 3
Description of Success Provide good automation for the
processes carried out by the Institution

51
 digitally.
Type of Success: Technique. Success:
Creation of a system
like a good one
automation for the
needs of the institute.
Probability Effects of Success: Results
Low Moderate High expected.

X
Period in which it can happen: Responsible(s):
In the final stage of the methodology of Research Team
This success can occur in RUP development.
identified.

Feasibility Study
The feasibility study is a tool that helps to guide the
decision making in the evaluation of a project and corresponds to the
last phase of the pre-operational or formulation stage within the cycle of
project. It is formulated based on information that has the least
possible uncertainty to measure the chances of success or failure of a
investment project, based on it the decision will be made to proceed or
not with its implementation.

The feasibility study allows for a deeper evaluation of the

issue in the institution considering that the user has the profile
to manipulate the system and what equipment supports or is in conditions for
implement the system in the Educational Unit Guayurebo of the state
Yaracuy.

52
Action plan
Implement an academic registration and control information system
notes for the Guayurebo Educational Unit of the Yaracuy State.
Specific Objectives Activities Week
Diagnose the situation Visit the Institution to
to know the problems of the
current status of the registration process
Institution regarding the
academic and grade control Academic Record and control November 2, 2019
of notes
for the Educational Unit
a
Guayurebo delete State
Request for permission for the February 18, 2019
Yaracuy.
project implementation.

Application of the techniques of

the collection of information
(Interview and Observation)
• Determine theMeeting:
requirements
Team meeting for
functional y
not determine the requirements 25/02/2019
functional and non-functional,
functional del
taking into account the opinion a
computer system of each of them.
28/02/2019
of registration
academic y
grade control
for the Unit
Educational
Guayurebo del
Yaracuy State.

• Design a system Diagram Design:

Use cases.
computer scientist for theDomain Model.
16/04/2019
Entity-Relationship Model.
academic record Test Case.
Preparation of the Document
a
and grade control
Vision.
for the Unit Class Diagram. 30/04/2019
Prototypes.
Educational Risks.
Guayurebo del
Yaracuy State.

• computer system Programming:

of registration
Java Language. 02/05/2019
academic y Interface Design in
NetBeans a
grade control
for the Unit Teamwork with 30/05/2019
accessories of the teachers
Educational trainers
Guayurebo
Yaracuy State.

• Implement one Install the System

Computer scientist: Week
computer system
of registry Train through a talk,

53
 academic and the staff for the use 04/12/2019
of the computer system a
grade control
SICRA.
for the Unit 12/12/2019
Install the tools
Educational
necessary to execute the
Guayurebo of the system on computers
of the institution
Yaracuy State.
System Installation
SICRA.

Collaborators: Responsible: Research Teams

Carlos Daza
Community Managers:
Bracho Anderson
Advisor Teacher: Isabel
Victor Escalona
Colonel
Freddy Santana

Salcedo Elieser

Gantt chart

54
 CHAPTER IV.
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

Development Methodology
A detailed and complete software process is usually referred to as
methodology, defining the latter as a set of phases,
tools, techniques, and procedures that in turn apply a
combination of generic process models to obtain as
benefit the process of development in information systems.

In the computer system for the Record and Control of Grades of the
students at the Guayurebo Educational Unit in the Yaracuy State were applied
as a software development methodology the RUP methodology, which is
based on building first the functionality of greatest value for the customer,
in order to cover the entire system development cycle
each step and necessary use to achieve its implementation.

Artifacts
Phase 1 Start
Functional Requirements

Functional requirements are statements of the services that

the system will provide, in the way it will react to certain inputs.
When we talk about entries, we are not necessarily talking only about the
user entries.

It is for them that the System (Sicra) has functional requirements,

naming some like:

55
Student Registration

The system allows registering a student according to the requirements that

the institution demands.

Teacher Registration.

The system allows registering a teacher who is working in

the institution (the professor will be asked for their name, surname, ID number, subject).

School year record.

The system will link with the computation date and will be able to register the year.

school through the system interface.

Non-functional requirements

These are requirements that do not directly refer to the functions.

specific provided by the system (user characteristics), but to
the properties of the system: performance, security, availability. In
simpler words, they do not talk about 'what' the system does, but about
"how" it does. Alternatively, they define system constraints such
like the capacity of input/output devices and the representation
from the data used in the system interface.

Thus, the Academic Registration and Control Information System

Notes have non-functional requirements such as:

Functionality: The system has functionality because it meets

the needs of the workers of the institution that will be the registry of
students
school year registration, modification of basic data and even consultation of
data according to search criteria.

Usability: The system has usability as it has an ease

of understanding and can be used attractively, easily, and quickly.

56
 Safety: The system has security as it will be able to protect the
data from unauthorized users trying to modify data, accepting
only access to the data for those users registered correctly
previously.

Vision Document

The vision document defines the scope and objective of the system, a
clear statement of the problem, a proposed solution and the
high-level product characteristics helping to set expectations
and reduce risks.

Additionally, the Academic Registration and Grading Control Information System

this document provides a clear view of the business,
Functional and non-functional requirements among others.

Note: The vision document can be viewed in an attached document.

The IEEE 830 standard

It is focused on practical recommendations for the specification of

requirements, was developed by IEEE and IEEE-SA (Standards
Association), indicates the structure and organization of all the information that
should be included in a good requirements specification document for
software.

Risks

It is an uncertain event or uncertain condition that, if it occurs, has an effect.

positive or negative about the project.

Just like it happens in many projects, as is also the System

Academic Record and Grade Control IT Specialist in the Unit
Guayurebo Educational, which the risk is present in all
projects. It also has causes and consequences that can be
analyzed with different depth and detail.

57
 Use case diagram

It is an improved UML behavior diagram that defines a

ngraphic notationto represent use cases called use case model
use.

58
Configuration use case diagram:
It allows for configurations of the system data once included.
said data.

Use case diagram Files

Allows the configuration of system master files.
once the data is included.

59
Description of Use Cases

It is a description of the steps or activities that must be carried out.

to carry out a process, they provide textual details of a case
for use.

In addition, the Academic Registration and Control Informatics System

Notes have the description of each teacher and movement of the
system taking into account the activities carried out by the user.

Below are some Use Case graphs:

Register Activity

Case Name Case ID of

Use: Register activity. Use: CU005
Actors: Administrator.
The system will allow for the registration of student activity in the
Description: institution.
Use Cases
Related: Authenticate activity (<<include>>)
It will allow registering the activity in the
Entries: Activity. Outputs: system.
Typical Course#1: Record activity.
Actor's Action System Response
The user presses the button
new. The system will display a form.
The user will enter their
activity. 4) The system will validate the user's activity.
5)The user presses the button 6)The system will record everything the user
to add. entered there.
Exceptional Course #1: Blank Text Boxes.
Actor's Action System Response
1.2 Send a message where it shows
1.1 No activity entered. fill in the field.
Exceptional Course #2 Number instead of letters.
2.1 The user enters numbers 2.1 The system will display a message 'Please enter '
in the text box. a letter.
Exceptional Course #3 In case of Activity Registration: Existing Activity.
3.1 The user fills out all the
required fields.
3.2 The user presses the 3.3 The system will show you a message 'Activity'
add button. It is already registered.
Exceptional Course #4 Special characters instead of letters.
4.1 The user enters
special characters in the 4.1 The system will show you a message 'Please enter'
text box. only lyrics.
Preconditions: Authorized user.

60
Post-
conditions: Activity recorded.

Modify Activity

Case Name Case ID

Use: Modify activity. Use: CU005
Actors: Administrator.
The system will allow modifying the students' activities in the
Description: institution.
Use Cases
Related: Authenticate activity (<<include>>)
Will allow modifying the activity in the
Entries: Activity. Exits: system.
Typical Course #1: Modify activity.
Actor's Action System Response
1) The user will select the
activity you want to modify.

3) The system will validate the name of the

The user enters the activity. user activity.
4)The user presses the button 5)The system will modify everything that it
modify. user entered there.
Exceptional Course #1: Blank text boxes.
Actor Action System Response
1.2 It issues a message where it shows
1.1 No activity entered. fill in the field.
Exceptional Course #2 Number instead of letters.
2.1 The user enters numbers 2.2 The system will show a message 'Please enter'
in the text box. a letter.
Exceptional Course #3 In case of Modifying Activity: Existing Activity.
3.1 The user fills in all the
required fields.
3.2 The user presses the 3.3 The system will show you a message 'Activity'
modify button. is already registered.
Exceptional Course #4 Special characters instead of letters.
4.1 The user enters
special characters in the 4.1 The system will show you a message 'Please enter'
text box. only the lyrics
Preconditions: Authorized user.
Post-
conditions: Modified activity.

61
Consult Activity

Name Case of Consultation Case ID of

Use: activity. Use: CU005
Actors: Administrator.
The system will allow to check the activity of the students in the
Description: institution.
Use Cases
Related: Authenticate activity (<<include>>)
Will allow to consult the activity in the
Entries: Activity. Outputs: system.
Typical Course #1: Consult activity.
Actor's Action System Response
The user enters the name
of the activity you want
search.
The user presses the button 3) The system will show you all the
search. results.
Exceptional Course #1: Blank text boxes.
Actor's Action System Response
1.2 Emit a message where it shows
1.1 No activity entered. fill in the field.
Exceptional Course #2 Number instead of letters.
2.1 The user enters numbers 2.2 The system will show a message 'Please enter
in the text box. a letter
Exceptional Course #3 In case of Modifying the Activity: Existing Activity.
3.1 The user fills out all the
required fields.
3.2 The user presses the 3.3 The system will show you a message 'Activity'
add button. it is already registered.
Exceptional Course #4 Special characters instead of letters.
4.1 The user enters
special characters in the 4.1 The system will show you a message 'Please enter'
text box. only lyrics
Preconditions: Authorized user.
Post-
conditions: Consulted activity.

62
Remove Activity

Case Name Case ID

Use: Remove activity. Use: CU005
Actors: Administrator.
The system will allow the deletion of students' activity in the
Description: institution.
Use Cases
Related: Authenticate activity (<<include>>)
It will allow the activity to be eliminated in the
Entries: Activity. Outputs: system.
Typical Course #1: Delete activity.
Actor's Action System Response
The user will select the
activity that you desire
delete.
The user presses the The system will show you a message.
delete button. Activity has been deleted.
Exceptional Course #1: Blank Text Boxes.
Actor's Action System Response
1.2 Send a message where it shows
1.1 No activity entered. fill in the field.
Exceptional Course #2 Number instead of letters.
2.1 The user enters numbers 2.2 The system will show a message "Please enter
in the text box. a letter.
Exceptional Course #3 In case of Modifying the Activity: Existing Activity.
3.1 The user fills in all the
required fields.
3.2 The user presses the 3.3 The system will show you a message 'Activity'
add button. is already registered.
Exceptional Course #4 Special characters instead of letters.
4.1 The user enters
special characters in the 4.1 The system will show you a message 'Please enter '
text box. only lyrics.
Preconditions: Authorized user.
Post-
conditions: Activity deleted.

63
 Phase 2 Development

ER Model (Entity-Relationship Model)

The entity-relationship model is a data model that allows

represent any abstraction, perception, and knowledge in a system
of information made up of a set of objects called entities and
relationships, incorporating a visual representation known as a diagram
entity-relationship.

The Academic Registration and Grade Control Information System in the

Guayurebo Educational Unit has an Entity Relationship Model for
thus having a fundamental basis for the development of said system.

64
MERE Extended Entity Relationship Model

It is a technique whose goal is the representation and definition of

all the data that is entered, stored, transformed, and produced
within an information system, without considering the needs of
the existing technology, nor other restrictions.

This is how the Computerized System for Academic Registration and Control
notes at the Guayurebo Educational Unit have what this diagram is
represents all the entities of the system in a more complex way for
the development of the SICRA information system.

65
Class Diagram

A class diagram is a tool for communicating the design of a

program that was created to orient objects and allows modeling relationships
between different entities.

The Academic Registration and Grading Control Information System

it has an object-oriented class diagram, where it identifies
its attributes, methods, and operations.

IEEE 829 Standard

Also known as Standard 829 for documentation of

software testing, is an IEEE standard that specifies the form of a
set of documents for use in eight defined stages of testing
from the software, each stage can potentially produce its own type of
separate document. The standard specifies the format of these.
documents, but it does not specify whether all of them must be produced, nor does it
does not include any criteria for the appropriate content for these documents.

66
 Phase 3 Development

Prototype Interfaces

Login:

This interface will allow the user to access the Registration System.
Academic and Grade Control, considering that you are already registered
(user) in the database.

menu

In this session, the administrator user will be able to generate the reports of the

student notes, the system (SICRA) presents a pleasant interface

and simple, this is how the administrator user will have access to all the
options of the Academic Registration and Grade Control information system

Administrator User: Access to all options

Common user: Restrictions in the Files and Settings session.

67
Manage Activity Maestro:

The system for Academic Record and Grade Control has a

interface called ACTIVITY where the user can register, modify and
eliminate the students' activities such as, Football,
Volleyball, Chess, music, among others.

This interface allows for the filling of extra student data that are
equally important for the institution as personal data of
student, representative, directions, and other activities that will follow
archived within it.

68
 STAGE 4
Transition
Test Cases

It is a set of conditions or variables under which an analyst

will determine if an application, a software system is completely
satisfactory.

Many test cases can be carried out to determine that a

the requirement is completely satisfactory. With the purpose of verifying that
All the requirements of an application are reviewed, there must be at least one.
test case for each requirement unless a requirement has
secondary requirements. In that case, each secondary requirement must have
at least one test case. Some methodologies like RUP
They recommend creating at least two test cases for each requirement.
One of them must pass the positive test of the requirements and the other must
take the negative test.

69
 Now the Academic Registration and Control Computer System
notes at the Guayurebo Educational Unit comply with the processes of
tests that allow to verify that the SICRA computer system works
correctly.

Test Case Activity

Id_Test_Case CP_007 Functionality to test: Activity

Test Case
Leave fields blank
description The user must enter the activities they perform.
Student outside the institution and the system will issue
a message Complete the field
.
Conditions of Do not leave fields blank.
Execution The user is authorized.
Data of 1 Activity: 2
Test:
expected_results The system will display the error message.

Results Obtained: The system prevents registration

Test Evaluation: Successful.

Test Case ID CP_008 Functionality to test: Activity

Test Case
Introduce correct activity
Description: The user must enter the activities they perform
Student outside the institution (in case of that
check the box) and the system will issue a message
confirming the activity registration.
.
Conditions of Do not leave fields blank.
Execution The user is authorized.
Data from 1 Football 2
Test:
70
 Expected Results: The system will display the success message.

Results Obtained: The system allows registration

Test Assessment: Successful.

Manuals

User
The user manual of the SICRA system is an instrument of
consultation and support designed to use it successfully; it is a
user support guide.

Note: The manual can be found in an attached document: User Manual

System
This manual, like the previously mentioned one, is a guide for
support for the user when installing the necessary tools for
the proper functioning of the SICRA system, it is detailed that
tools are needed for the operation of the system and it is detailed
how to do your installation.

Note: The manual can be viewed in an attached document: System Manual

71
 CHAPTER V.
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND SOCIAL-ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS

System Description
The academic control and registration computer system (SICRA) is a
system that allows educational institutions to carry out an organized
summary of the academic reports of the students, allowing
administrative staff greater ease and security when generating
a report card for those students. Likewise, the system has
varied personal information of the students which allows for tracking a
tracking by year and section

Likewise, the system prevents a paperwork problem from arising.

what could be damaged, lost, or misplaced that could end with
an evident loss of control of data that is important for each student.
That is why the system creates a user responsible for managing everything.
the necessary data to report data such as: full name, ID card
identity, address, year and section and summary of grades that will be
certified. It is important to note that the user belongs to the management staff and/or
institutional administration in question, to ensure credibility and
responsibility in handling relevant data of each individual who does
he/she was active within the institution.

72
Main Menu

Show the main entry to the system, where once the user has
access to it, with prior data registration, will be able to select the
processes (note management and registration) and report that shows the system
SICRA with the purpose of making the relevant selection.

Process
Note management:
Show the detailed selection of student data
stored in the system according to the year completed, with the
purpose of adding, modifying, or eliminating subjects and their
punctuation.

73
 Registration:
Allows adding, modifying, or removing a student from the system
(SICRA)

Reports
The report is the response to the activity carried out by the processes. A
once the processes within the system (SICRA) have been executed, the report generates from

automatically, the information added or modified in the system.

Socio-environmental benefits

The Academic Registration Information System (SICRA) brings with it

some socio-environmental benefits:

Digitalized administrative record that facilitates and organizes the data of the
student in a quick, economical, and clean manner, fostering a
a more pleasant working environment for the administrator.
The work area is broader since the accumulation is avoided.
physical files, shelves, and folders that cover a lot
space that generates humidity, dust, and bacteria causing
respiratory diseases and others.
74
Preservation of the environment, as it would prevent the emission of
data on paper, which is done through the logging of numerous
trees that harm ecosystems.

75
 CHAPTER VI.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Conclusions
The completion of this project resulted in a System
Academic Record and Grade Control Technician for the Unit
Educational Guayurebo of the State of Yaracuy, which was developed to give
solution to the problem that was presented in the institution since the
the registration process was done manually which generated
loss of information, paperwork, and even loss of work time.
According to the activities carried out, the following was reached
The institution needed a computer system to manage
the most optimal way of the student enrollment process.
It was achieved through an interview and the observation that was conducted.
detail all the processes they carried out; the detailed functionality was known
of the processes and/or activities that take place in the institution Unit
Guayurebo Educational obtaining optimal and precise requirements for
the system.
The design of the structures and the screens that it would contain was analyzed.
the system to be developed; the system was developed that met the
Required functionalities to manage the registration.
And finally, to meet the requirements, it was successfully implemented the
system in the institution, very good results were obtained as the
I am very satisfied with this system in all areas, already
that he also offered the institution social benefits
environmental initiatives, such as paper saving, reduction in the use of pencils and a

greater organization.

Recommendations
The research group makes the following recommendations:
• To the staff of the institution make use of the user manual
delivered, in order to make better use of the system.
76
• That the system be used under a free software platform,
to comply with the principles, foundations, and guidelines
described in the Infogovernment law and together let us continue contributing to the
technological sovereignty of the country.

• Constantly back up the stored information, to

to have better control of information.
• If the system will be used on multiple devices (computers), it will be
it suggests that the system be used in a network environment, so that
there is integrity of the information.

77
 REFERENCES
Bibliographic
ARIAS, F. (2006). The Research Project. Introduction to
Scientific Methodology. 5th Edition. Episteme Publishing. Caracas, Venezuela.
Legal Sources:
Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic ofVenezuela. Published in
Official Gazette of Thursday, December 30, 1999, No. 36,860. Available at
the [Link]/publications/laws-and-regulations/constitution-
from the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Web Pages
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The provided text appears to be a URL and not translatable text.
Unable to access external content including links.
[Link]
[Link]
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No text provided for translation.

[Link]

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What is feasibility study in a...
project

Electronics

78
 ANNEXES
Data collection instruments
Evidence
Advisory Certificate
Certificate of Implementation of the system
Delivery record of the system

79