Technology and computer science answers

I invented the postage stamp: Rowlan Hill

It consists of the exploration through the computer of
three-dimensional fictional worlds: Virtual reality
3. Anonymous writing is posted publicly with salacious expressions:
Pamphlet
It is one of the four greatest inventions of the 19th century: Telegraph
It is one of the most powerful advances of the century: laser
6. I publicly carried out the first television broadcast: John Baird
7. Development of frequency modulation (FM): Edwin Armstrong
They invented the transistor: J. Bardeen, W. H. Brittain, and W. Shockley
9. I make the first regular broadcast through news: Marconi
Company
10. I present for the first time a cinematography show:
Louis Lumière
11. Invented the telephone: Alexander Graham Bell
12. I determine the basic principles of modern television:
Maurice Leblanc.

B. Create the following word search:

Mail
Receiver
Computer, Virtual reality, digital.
c. Write a reading report on the back of the document.

Since its beginnings, man has communicated in different ways, and thanks to that the
communication has been evolving over time, to the point of being able to speak or
communicate in real time without the people being present, but let's see how
communication evolved:

we started with the mail, a great advance in the transmission of news and communication,
the great inventor of this method was Rowland Hill,

newspapers, is one of the oldest means of mass communication, already exist

Before the Christian era in ancient Rome; posters were posted in the forum,
called Acta diurna, through which news was reported: decrees,
diseases, military displacements, among others,
The telegraph is one of the four greatest inventions of the 19th century, an invention that had a
decisive importance in the field of communications: the telegraph. It had been the
precursor of the idea of an anonymous Scottish person from the 17th century, later materialized by a
German, S. T. Von Soemmering, who used electric current for its operation.
But a man named Samuel Morse, an American man, developed it in a
electric telegraph, developed Morse code,
the radio: a revolutionary invention that would change communication, was the first
invention that transmitted a human voice in real time in the year 1915, in Virginia
(USA), the Eiffel Tower (Paris) in 1920 saw the first regular transmission of
notices by Marconi Company. In 1921, the possibility of propagation was discovered.
long distance of the short sound waves reflected by the ionosphere, allowing
its diffusion, then Edwin Armstrong, between 1924 and 1933 developed frequency
modulated (FM) and finally, the Americans J. Bardeen, W. H. Britain, and W. Shockley.
they invented the transistor, which allowed the manufacture of small receivers
size.
The telephone: This medium was discovered by accident, in 1876, by Alexander Graham Bell.
I accidentally spilled sulfuric acid on his telegraph while calling for his assistant.
help, suddenly he realized that the device was transmitting voice, this medium
non-face-to-face communication, was evolving and thus speeding up the exchange of
information.
Cinema: Louis Lumiere who presented in Paris, for the first time, in 1895, a show
of cinematography. In 1920, cinema became sound, although the audience was quite
indifferent at first. With the movie The Jazz Singer, by Al Jolson, it was perceived the
importance of sound complementing the visual.
Television: since 1873, the pioneers of television, unknowingly or by accident,
They studied the phenomena of selenium conductivity, in 1880 Maurice Leblanc
I determine the basic principles of modern television. But it was in 1926 when the
Scottish John Baird publicly made the first television broadcast.
Then they continued to evolve, the laser and optical fiber came out, applied to storing and
They transmitted information, then they started with the disks, cassettes that stored large
quantities of information and transmit it, as you can see the communication has been
evolving and it will continue, all limits are in our mind.

D. Consult the dictionary for the unfamiliar words, and write their definition.
Fiber optic:Optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made by embedding or
extrude glass or plastic with a diameter slightly thicker than that of a hair
human.
A laser is a device that uses an effect of quantum mechanics,
induced or stimulated emission, to generate a coherent beam of light both spatially
as I temporarily.
Gazette: The gazette was originally a Venetian newspaper that was published once a
the week at the beginning of the 17th century. In this way, 'gazette' was understood as
newspaper of politics, news, theaters, fashion, courts or just any of these
subjects.

Radio: The radio is a means of communication that is based on the transmission of

audio signals through radio waves, although the term is also used for
other methods of sending audio remotely such as radio over the Internet.
E. Consult the Biography of the following characters: Samuel
Morse, Edwin Armstrong, J. Bardeen, W. H. Brittain, W.
Shockley, Alexander Graham Bell, Louis Lumiere, Maurice
Leblanc.
Samuel Morse:He was an American inventor and painter, contributed to the
invention of the telegraph with Joseph Henry and the method of transmission
known as Morse code. It helped to develop the commercial use of the
telegraphy.
Samuel Morse was born in Charlestown, a neighborhood in the urban area of
Boston. He was the first son of the geographer and pastor Jedidiah Morse and of
Elizabeth Ann Finley Bréese.
Morse was a leader in the anti-Catholic and anti-immigration movement of
mid-nineteenth century. In 1836, he unsuccessfully ran for mayor of New
York, under the banner of the anti-immigrant nativist Party, receiving only
1,496 votes.
When Morse visited Rome, he refused to take off his hat in the presence of the
Dad. Upon seeing this, an offended member of the Swiss Guard ran and hit
the hat.
Morse worked to unite Protestants against Catholic institutions.
(including schools), I wanted Catholics to be prohibited from exercising
public positions, and promote changes in immigration laws to
limit immigration from Catholic countries.
Morse married Lucretia Pickering Walker in September 1818 in
Concord, New Hampshire. They had three children.
Upon becoming a widower at the birth of his third child, he married his
second wife, Sarah Elizabeth Griswold in August 1848 in Utica, New
York had four children.
In addition to the telegraph, Morse invented a machine to cut marble that
I could carve three-dimensional sculptures in marble or stone. I could not.
patent it due to an existing design from 1820 by Thomas Blanchard.
Samuel Morse was a generous man who gave large sums of money to
charity. He was also interested in the relationship between science and religion and
donated the funds to establish a chair on "the relationship of the Bible
with the Sciences".
Morse was not a selfish man. Other people and corporations made
millions with their inventions, but most rarely paid him for their use.
his telegraph patent. He was not bitter about this and his life was comfortable.
At the time of his death, his fortune was valued at around 500,000.
dollars (9,580,000 current dollars)

Edwin Armstrong:He was born on December 18, 1890 in the city

from New York.
He studied at Columbia University, where he was a professor of
Electrical Engineering in 1936.
He developed various important circuits and electronic systems in the
evolution of radio.
In 1912, he developed a regenerative circuit that revolutionized the
radiotelephony without wires because it could amplify weak radio signals without
distortion, with much more efficiency than other radio receivers of the
Era.

In the 1930s, he developed the broadcasting system in modulation of

frequency (FM), which provided better sound quality and was more
resistant to the interference that the previous broadcasting system
in amplitude modulation (AM).

On January 31, 1954, Edwin Armstrong committed suicide in New York after
to suffer rejection for years and all kinds of maneuvers to leave him out of the
business.
J Bardeen: On May 23, 1908, the American physicist John is born.
Bardeen, who along with Walter Brattain built a device using the
chemical element germanium, which allowed the completion of the development of
transistor that both William Shockley and Brattain had tried
build, starting from the amplification of thermionic valves, but not
they had succeeded. For this discovery, the 3 researchers were
awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956. Subsequently, it has
Leon Cooper and John R. Scheffer created the standard theory of
superconductivity, which was called BCS. Again, Bardeen was
find in a group that is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in
1972. This made him the only one, up to that moment, to receive 2 awards.
Nobel Prize in Physics.

W.H. Brattain: Born on February 10, 1902, in Amoy, China.

He worked as a physicist in the radio division of the National Institute of Models.
and Technology.

In 1929, he joined the laboratories of the Bell Telephone Company,

where alongside American physicistsWilliam ShockleyyJohn
Bardeenthey invented a small electronic device called a transistor.

It was announced for the first time in 1948 and was completed in 1952, using
commercially in portable radios, headphones, and other devices.

He was a physics professor at Harvard University.

For his work with semiconductors and for the discovery of

transistor shared the Nobel Prize in 1956 with Shockley and BardeenNobelof
Physics.

Walter Houser Brattain died in Seattle, Washington, on October 13.

1987.
W. Shockley: American physicist. PhD from the University of
California, William Shockley joined the Murray laboratories in 1936.
Hill, from the Bell Telephone Company. During theSecond World War
World Cuphe directed the United States' submarine defense project and
he served his nation as an advisor to the War Secretariat
(1945). After the conflict ended, he was appointed director in 1953.
transistor department of the mentioned company.

Shockley collaborated withJohn Bardeen by Walter Houser Brattain in the

construction of semiconductor devices that will replace the tubes of
empty. With their work, they demonstrated that germanium crystals were
better rectifiers than those used to date, depending on their
effect of the traces of impurities contained in them. Through the
use of a germanium rectifier, with metal contacts that included
a needle connected to the crystal, the team invented the transmitter of
punctual contact.
Shortly after, Shockley built the junction transistor, which used a
union between two parts, treated differently, of a silicon crystal.
Such solid-state semiconductors have the virtue of rectifying and
amplify the current that flows through them. Thanks to these devices
small and very reliable paved the way for the miniaturization of the
radio circuits, television and computer equipment,
providing a formidable boost to the development of electronics andthe
computer scienceWilliam Shockley received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956, which
shared with John Bardeen and Walter H. Brattain for their research on
semiconductors and the discovery of the transistor effect.

Alexander Graham BellBorn into a family dedicated to the

speech and pronunciation correction, Bell was educated alongside his siblings in the
family professional tradition. Studied at the Royal High School of Edinburgh, and attended
some classes at the University of Edinburgh and University College London, but
his training was basically self-taught.

In 1864, he took the position of resident at the Weston House Academy in Elgin, where
he developed his first studies on sound; in 1868 he worked as an assistant to his
father in London, taking his position after his departure to America. The sudden
death of his older brother due to tuberculosis, an illness that he had also
finished with the life of his younger brother, negatively impacted both in the
health like in Bell's mood.

In these circumstances, in 1870 he moved to a town near Brantford.

(Canada) alongside the rest of her family, where soon her condition began to improve. A
A year later, he settled in Boston, where he focused his activity on promoting the system.
learning for the deaf conceived by his father, included in the work Visible
Speech (1866). The spectacular results of his work soon earned him a
well-deserved reputation, receiving offers to give various conferences, and in 1873
he was appointed professor of vocal physiology at Boston University.

At this time, with the enthusiastic collaboration of the young mechanic Thomas Watson and the
sponsorship of the parents of George Sanders and Mabel Hubbard (with whom he would end up
marrying in the year 1877), two deaf students who had received lessons from Bell, designed
an apparatus for converting sound into electrical impulses. The invention, called
telephone was registered in the US patent office in 1876.

Louis Lumiere: Born on October 5, 1864, in Besançon.

Son of a photographic plate maker, in less than twenty

years perfected a new type of gelatino-bromide plates.

In 1894, Louis and his brother Augusto had the opportunity to

to examine the Kinetoscope and were very interested in the idea
to be able to project animated images.

In the summer of 1894, a first chamber was built that

it culminated in the Cinematograph.

Patented in February 1895, the Cinematograph was presented in

March in Paris. The paid public performances
they began on December 28, 1895. While in the
United States the public demonstrations of the
Latham or Armant projectors - Jenkins had only had one.
moderate reception the Cinematograph immediately achieved a
enormous success, that global resonance leads to numerous
historians consider December 28, 1895 as the
date of the birth of cinema.

Lumiere also exhibited at the Universal Exhibition in Paris.

1900 projections on the big screen (20 m) from movies
75 mm wide; then he devoted himself to other activities,
especially to the perfection of Autocromo plates, which
until World War II constituted the only
available color photography procedure. Also
he experienced several relief cinema procedures
with anaglyphs.

Louis Lumiere died in Bandol on June 6, 1948.

Filmography

(Attributed to Louis Lumière as operator and 'director':

1894.- Departure of the workers from the Lumière factories (The exit of
Lumière factories
1895.- The departure from the port/Boat leaving the port
1895. - The Arrival of the Train
1895.- Card game (Partie d'écarté)
1895.- The watered irrigator/The watered gardener (The gardener and the little one)
playful/ The Sprinkler Sprinkled
1895.- Children's Quarrel (Querelle enfantine)
1895 - Baby's First Steps
1895.- Destruction of weeds (Mauvaises herbes)
1895. - The baby's breakfast (Le dejéuner de Bébé)
1895.- Rough weather at sea
1895. - The demolition of a wall (Demolition of a wall)
1895.- Photographer
Maurice Leblanc: He was born on December 11, 1864
in Rouen in the bosom of an affluent family.

His father was an industrialist dedicated to shipbuilding.

He studied Law and works in the family business.

In 1907, his character Arsenio Lupin appears, a gentleman thief.

white, published in the pamphlets of a monthly "I know everything".

Maurice Leblanc died in Perpignan on November 6, 1941.

F. Inquiry about: Laser, Optical Fiber, and Virtual Reality.

elaborate a summary.
A laser (from the English Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Radiation -amplification of light by stimulated emission of radiation- is a
device that uses induced or stimulated emission to generate or
amplify the electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of
optical radiation wave.
Optical fiber: Optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made of
insert or extrude glass or plastic in a slightly thicker diameter
than that of a human hair
Virtual reality: Virtual reality is an environment of scenes or objects of
real appearance. The most common meaning refers to a generated environment
through information technology, which creates in the user the sensation of
to be immersed in it.

Rated from 1-5 according to the following statements; with the number 5 being the
of greatest satisfaction and the number 1 of least satisfaction:
 ITE 5 4 3 2 1
MS
How interesting did you find the topics in the guide? X
Do I have difficulty developing the guide? X
How applicable do you consider the induction carried out to your daily life? X