EXERCISES ON DAP

1. The batch manufacturing process for the production of corrugated pipes

the sewer was carried out as follows:

The raw material is brought by suppliers in trucks every month, which is

received by the warehouse manager. According to the production order this
Material is removed from the warehouse and transported by a wagon to the cutter.
Once the previous production is finished, it is placed in the machine to be
cut according to the size required by piping.
Once ready, it is transferred to the trainer to take shape, and then by the
weight is rolled to the drill to perform the drilling and riveting,
leaving the finished product like this; depending on the delivery date of the
order, the finished product could be moved to the warehouse and remains in
inventory or take it to the loading station until the truck arrives for
deliver it immediately to the client.

DAP OPERATOR/MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT
Diagram No. 1 Sheet No. 1 SUMMARY
ACTIVITY ACTUAL PROPOSAL ECONOMY
OBJECT: Corrugated pipe for sewer
Operation
Manufacturing Process Method: Transport
Actual Wait
Place: The whole plant Inspection
Storage
Worker
Distance metros
Time minutes
Cost
Composed of: Date:
Labor
Approved by: Date:
Material
TOTAL
Symbol
Description Can't. Dist. Time Observations
⃝ → D □
Transported by provider
INSPECTION
STORAGE
Transported to cutter
WAIT
CORTADO
Transported to Trainer
Take Body
Transported to Drill
Drilling and Riveting
STORAGE
Transported to Station of
Embark
2.B.B.S.A. is a company dedicated to the manufacture of baby products.
from its items is a towel set "little bear", which consists of the following
pieces: a plush towel with bias trim; and a mitten with
application, also edged with bias; and a plush trim, edged
also.

It is requested to prepare the DAP, if the production process being followed is the
next
A roll of the plush is taken from the raw materials warehouse and taken to the workshop.
sewing. In this workshop, a roll of 1.50 meters is placed on a table.
widths and the fabric is laid out with a length of 0.88 meters
(approximately 45 lays are made).
Once the fabric is laid out, the templates of the pieces to be cut are pinned down.
to be used in the making of the towel; then proceeding to outline its contours
with a pen.
Then proceed to cut with an electric round blade cutter.
removable. From the formed scraps, the applications are marked with a pencil.
they are used, they are cut and then placed in a basket to take them to the
seamstresses (zone 1).
The workers are sewing the application to the hood with zigzag stitches.
glove. When they are ready, she places them in a basket. The basket is moved to
another sewing machine (area 2), where other workers are then carrying out the
edging operation, placing the bias along the entire edge of the towel with
his hood, to the drool and to the mitten.
Once these operations are completed, the pieces are moved to a table where
a review of the seams made, to then send them to the ironing area.
After ironing the pieces, they are transferred to another worker, who
in charge of folding the towel into a rectangle of approximately 10 x 15
inches; another worker takes the ones that are ready together with the other pieces and the
put it inside a bag. Then proceed to put the label (printed paper
that details the product features) to finally close it and be transferred
to put it on a display case, to then transfer it to the product warehouse
finished.
 DAP OPERATOR/MATERIAL/EQUIPMENT
Diagram No. 1 Sheet No. 1 SUMMARY
ACTIVITY ACTUAL PROPOSAL ECONOMY
OBJECT: Corrugated pipe for drainage
Operation
Manufacturing Process Method: Transport
Actual Wait
Location: The entire floor Inspection
Storage
Operator: Card No:
Distance subways
Time minutes
Cost
Composed of: Date:
Labor
Approved by: Date:
Material
TOTAL
Symbol
Description Can't. Dist. Time Observations
⃝ → D □
Transport to the sewing workshop
Spreading of the fabric
Outline with Mold
Transport the Cutter
Cut and shape
Transport the Seamstress 1
to cook
Transport the Seamstress 2
Place the Pieces
Transfer to the table
Review of Completed Seams
Transport to Ironing
Iron the Pieces
Transport the Operator
Fold Towels
Bagged
Labeling
Sealed
Transport to Sideboard
Storage
 EXERCISES ON PRODUCTIVITY

Exercise number 1:
An agro-industrial company wants to determine the productivity of a new
article that will be launched on the market, in 450 gram polyethylene bags. The material
The daily required raw material goes through three basic processes:

A) Preparation, in which 18% of weight is lost

B)Drying,inadehydratingmachinewith30trays,whosemaximumcapacitypertrayis
2.5 kg., obtaining 33.5% dry product.
C) Packaging, in which 1% of weight is lost due to handling.
The resources used, as well as their costs, are expressed in the following table:

X
A 75 Kg B 30.360
33.5% C 29725

18% 1%

16.46 0.91
 91.46 ------------ 100 % 75 ---------- 82%
X ---------------- 18% X ----------- 100%
X = 16.46 91.46 kg

i) 29725

1 small bag 450 grams

X 29725 grams
X = 66.05 bags

Labor: 1.5 H.H/kg x 91.46 Kg

0.07 x 30 = 2.1
1.5 x 9146 = 137.19
0.15 x 66 = 9.9

149.19 x 1.7 = 253.6

Machinery:

0.085 x 75 = 6.375
0.03 x 66 = 1.98
= 8.3357

Raw Material: 0

v) Costo Total = 274.5

66
vi) P = 0.29 bags/unit
274.4875

Exercise number 2:

In a company, 500 kg of fruits were used as raw material and 350 were obtained.
kg of pulp. Find the efficiency of the raw material.

SOLUTION:

MP Efficiency =3500.7
500
Exercise number 3

In a shoe factory in the "Sole Cutting" section, the production flow

the diary is as follows:

Solution:

X -------------- 100%
50 kg

X = 71.4 Kg

X --------------- 63 %
50 Kg

45 Kg

1 pair of shoes = 300g

45000 g
X = 1500 shoes

i) Efficiency = 45/71.4 = 63%

ii) 1500 pairs of shoes

1500
iii) Productivity =7%
21420
 DIRECTED PRACTICE OF METHODS I

1. A canned fruit company presents the following production flow

diary

Solution:

X - 0.01x = 0.9x
0.9x - 0.18x = 0.72x

0.72x - 0.072x = 0.648x

0.648x = 300
300
X=
0.648

462.96 Kg

300
i) Efficiency MP = 0.648
462.96

ii) 1 can 300 grams

X cans 462960

X = 1543 cans

iii) P =1543 latas 12.85 cans/H-H

120 H-H
2. If in a production plant of plastic items a study must be done
to determine the time a qualified worker spends completing a
task and the responsible Industrial Engineer of the plant does not have much
time for a prolonged study; what work measurement technique
Would you recommend, if you know that historical production data is available?

SOLUTION:

Since there are historical production data available, it can be used to

standard data technique since instead of requiring the
direct observation of work can be constructed from data
existing instead of requiring direct observation of the work, can
build themselves from existing data.

3. The following presents the process and method for performing a task in a
plastic products plant: PROCESS: this plant works with resins
thermoplastic synthetics, Injection Molding or 'casting to
pressure. It is a method in which the melted plastic in the cylinder of the
injection machine is required to pass in a fluid state into a mold. It is fed
the machine's hopper with polystyrene then the machine's cylinder melts the
plastic (operation called 'plasticization' that is performed only by the
machine), plastic is injected into the mold, the mold opens, the product falls out, it
The worker collects the product and places it in a storage. METHOD: the method
the next step for the worker is: Take a bag with plastic, throw the plastic into
the hopper, opens the machine door to collect the product (cup) and leaves the
product in a box. It is requested to subdivide the task (producing mugs) into elements.
Raw Material

Take bag with plastic

Throw plastic into the hopper

Melt the plastic

The plastic is injected into the mold

The mold opens

The product falls.

Open the door of the machine

Pick up the product

Put in a deposit

FINISHED PRODUCT
4. 1880 h00write it in: seconds, minutes, hours, hundredth of a minute.
Consider 2 decimals and 1 minute = 166.6666 hours

Centenary
Data Segundos hours of the minute
1880 h^00 676.80 11.28 0.188 1128

Indicate whether the following statements are true or false:

A difficulty faced in increasing productivity

through methods engineering is the lack of cooperation from the
workers for fear that the increase in productivity
lead to unemployment.

Industrial Engineers who have authority in a company (boss

of the plant), they cannot take care of the 'timing' because this
technique requires a lot of time...

Industrial timing should always be entrusted to those who

they can dedicate themselves to him exclusively…………………(F)
Before applying the work study, it is necessary to establish good practices.
work relations.

If the work study specialist has the support of the

the company's address does not require support from
foreman

If workers have confidence in the sincerity and integrity of

the management will accept almost any serious technique such as for example
the industrial timing and they will be provided to make it work with
success
 Man-Machine Diagram: Proposed Cases

1. It is desired to know how many machines should be assigned to a worker if

they have the following times.

Load machine 2 min.

Download machine 3 min
Machining 20 min

a. The cycle time.

The daily production, if 25 units are obtained in each cycle.

SOLUTION:

N = Number of machines a worker can operate

L = Load + Unload
m = Machining

+
N=

N =5 + 20= 5
5

Cycle:

For N–1 and N L + m = 5 + 20 = 25 min / unit (better)

For N + 1 (N+1)(L) = 30 min/unit

Daily Production if 25 units are obtained in each cycle.

Number of cycles in 8 hours =8 x 6019.2 cycles

25

Daily production = 19.2 cycles * 25 units/cycle = 480 units

A factory has four machines and four operators. In another area of the
factory, urgently requires two workers, given this situation, it is desired
to know

a. Should two additional workers be hired?

b. What is the cycle time?
c. What is the daily production?

Load machine 4 min.

Download machine 2 min
Machining 10 min
Tour between machines 1 min
 SOLUTION:

N =4+2+10equals 2.6 2 machines per operator

4+2+1

2 operators can take care of the 4 machines, so they do not

I would need to hire 2 other workers since with the other 2 workers
that are not required for the use of the machines can be assigned to the
area of the company where they need them.

Cycle:

N-1 and N 4+2+10 = 16 min/und (better)

N+1 (3)*7 = 21 min/and

Daily Production480 min/day = 30 and/day

16 min/unit

3. There are three machines: brush, milling machine, drill; which perform a work
sequential, whose processing times (in min) are:

SOLUTION:

TB= 8 h/day * 60 min/hour = 480 min/day

C = 25 min/each

P =480 min/day 19.2 19 and/day

25 min/und
 Operator Brush Strawberry Drill
Time
Description Status State State State
1
2
3
4 DYC
5 BRUSH
6
7
8
9 He/She is going to M2

10
11
12
13 DYCM2
14
15
16
17 It's going to M3

18
19
20
DYCM3
21
22
23
24 It goes to M1
25
26
27
28
29
DYCM1
30
31
32
33
34 He/She is going to M2

35
36
37
38 DYCM2
39
40
41
42 He/She is going to M3

43
44
45
DYCM3 C = 25 min/each
46
47
48
49 He/She is going to M1
50
51
52
53
54
DYCM1
55
56
57
58
59 It goes to M2

60
4. There are three machines: lathe, drill, press. Each machine produces a
different article: axes, speakers, caps. A production is desired.
minimum of 30 units/day (of each item). It is known:

SOLUTION:

C = 41 min/und

P =480 min/day11.71 units/day

41 min/unit

P = 3 * 11.71 = 35.12 35 and/day

11 units of each item are produced per day with 1 worker for the 3.
machines.

For M1 = 13 min/unit * 11 units/day = 143 min/day

For M2 = 15 min/unit * 11 units/day = 165 min/day

For M3 = 13 min/unit * 11 units/day = 143 min/day

 Operator M1 M2 M3
Time
Description State State State State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 DYCM1
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21 DYCM2
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35 DYCM3
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46 C = 41 min/und
47
48 DYCM1 480 min/day
49 11.71 per day
41 min/unit
50
51
52 P = 3 * 11.71 = 35.12 35
53
54
and/day
55
56 11 units of each are produced.
57
58 one article per day with 1 worker
59
60
for the 3 machines.
61
62 DYCM2 For M1 = 13 min/unit * 11
63
64 and/day = 143 min/day
65
66
67
For M2 = 15 min/piece * 11
68 and/day = 165 min/day
69
70
71 For M3 = 13 min/unit * 11
72
73
and/day = 143 min/day
74
75
76 DYCM3
77
78
79
80
81
82
5. The pastry company La Flor del Mayo wishes to determine the leisure time of a
operator that serves 4 automatic ovens. In order to reassign tasks.
the following are the standard times in minutes.

SOLUTION:

B) C = 32 min/ und

C) Sop =24x 100 = 75 %

32

D) Leisure time 8 min

It could be assigned to you:

Embarking on loaves: 5 min

Inspection of gas terminals (4 machines): 4 min

 Worker M1 M2 M3 M4
Time
Description State State State State State
1
2
3 DYCM1
4
5
6
7
8
9 DYCM2
10
11
12
13
14
15 DYCM3
16
17
18
19
20
DYCM4
21
22
23
24
25
26 DYCM1
27
28
29
30
31 DYCM3
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41 DYCM2
42
43
44
45
46
47
48 DYCM4
49
50
51
52
53
54 DYCM1
55
56
57
58
C = 32 min/und
59 DYCM3
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73 DYCM2
74
75
76
 A certain product is manufactured with the subassemblies generated in each of the
CNC machines that have the following standard times. In the end, it is assembled.
each component in the following order (A-A-B-C).

SOLUTION:

Random service

1. In a company, statistical sampling has been conducted and it was found that for the
Generally, machines work 75% of the time.

a. Determine how many machines should be assigned to an operator. Carry out the
verifications for 3 and 4 machines.
b. Determine the daily production, if the cycle time is 10 min/unit.

SOLUTION:

–
N= =

N = Number of machines assigned to the operator

TTheOperator service time per machine
TMTotal machine working time
TCCycle time

For 3 and 4 machines

N =

3 = 10 / TThe TThe= 3.3

4 = 10 / TO TThe= 2.5

480 h/day
P= = 48 and/day
10 min/unit
2. The normal production of a company (installed capacity) is 150 units/hour.
it is determined that the four machines (due to their age) only operate at 70%
of the times. If the machines are attended by an operator, determine.

a. The lost hours per day.

b. Percentage of time lost.
c. System efficiency.
d. Daily production.

Solution:

a) The hours lost per day

p: Probability of productive time

probability of time without working (q = 1–p)
N = Number of machines

p = 0.7
q = 0.3

(p + q)4= 0.74+ 4(0.7)3(0.3) + 6(0.7)2(0.3)2+ 4(0.7)(0.3)3+ 0.33

= 0.2401+ 0.4116 + 0.2646 + 0.0756 + 0.027

Number of Machines Lost hour machine by 8

Stops Probability daily hours

0 0.2401 0
1 0.4116 0*
2 0.2646 (1)(0.2646)(8)
3 0.0756 (2)(0.0756)(8)
4 0.0270 0.648
1.00 3.97 H

b) Percentage of Time Lost:

(0.2401)(8h)
X 100 = 24% worker
(8h/paper)(1paper/region)

3.97 H
X 100 = 12% machine
(8h/m²)(4 m²)

8h - 3.97h
c) Efficiency = = 20%
4 maq x 0.05 h/unit
3. The company AZ Service has 12 identical machines, attended by 3 operators. It
a worker with the same skill is required for another section, therefore there exists
the possibility of reallocating one of the workers, or alternatively, hiring a new one
worker.

For this purpose, 120 observations have been made on the set of machines.
finding that a machine did not function 36 times.

A worker must be reassigned or hired.

Note:

Current system: 12 machines with 3 jobs 4 mq/work.

Alternative system: 12 machines with 2 jobs 6 machines/jobs.

4. When conducting a methods analysis, it was observed that the machines, on average
they operated 40% of the time without requiring attention and the average or probability
that are not functioning and require the operator's attention is 60%, you
decide to make the comparison by assigning the operator who handles several drills
automatic, the possibility that it works with only 3 or 4 machines.

To do this, you must determine the minimum proportion of machining time.

lost for an 8-hour workday.

SOLUTION:

Probability that the machine is operating⇒p = 0.40

Probability that the machine is not working⇒0.60

Using the binomial distribution, for n = 3, we find the probabilities

that the machines are stopped.

(p + q)3= p3+ 3p2q + 3pq2+ q3

(0.40)3+ 3(0.40)22.162+ (0.60)3

= 0.064 + 0.288 + 0.432 + 0.216

We calculate the total available machine hours:

8 hours x 3 drills = 24 hours - machine.

Time machining ratio lost for the 3 drills:

6.912 h/maq
0.288 28.8 %
24 /may

Sorting we have

Machine hours available for 4 drills:

8 hours x 4 drills = 32 hours - machine

Proportion of machining time lost for 4 drills:

8.64 h/máq
= 27 %
32 h/máq

Assigning 4 drills there is less time lost

 Multiple Activity Diagram: Proposed Cases
Fire pump

They intervene in the process: an expert worker in the handling of the pneumatic hammer,
a plumber, a worker who uses a pick and a shovel, two assistants A and B and a
starter.
The process is as follows:

The assistants take down all the necessary tools and materials from
truck (5 min).
Assistant A marks the area to be drilled (8 min).
Assistant B brings the pneumatic hammer together with the hammer operator.
(3 min).
The drill pierces the marked area (10 min).
The other worker instructs the helpers to remove the pieces to the side,
and supervises them (8 min).
With skill, this worker drills a hole, alternately removing the
earth with the shovel (5 min).
The plumber connects the pipe and asks assistant A to place it together.
water intake (12 min)
Then, assistant B covers everything with the excavated soil and compacts it.
firm (10 min).
While he works, the cement worker prepares the mixture, which is then
will be allocated to the finishing of the sidewalk (5 min).
Finally, the helpers pack up all the tools and leftovers from the
truck (5 min).

Although the driver does not intervene in the process, it is important to highlight that throughout this
time, was reading the newspaper.

Ground Coffee

A customer requests 2 kg of ground coffee from the store employee.

The employee goes to the storehouse and brings a 10 kg bag of roasted coffee (1.5 min) and
weighs 2 kg (1 min).
Then, place the roasted coffee in the grinder (1 min) and turn it on.
after letting it run (5 min), the machine turns off automatically.
The employee removes the coffee from the grinder (2 min), packages it (1.5 min),
prepare the sales invoice (2 min) and deliver both to the customer (1 min).
 SOLUTION:

Client Time Employee Time Machine Time

Request 2kg of medical coffee 1 min Process Order 1 min

It goes to the warehouse 10 kg of
1.5 min
roasted coffee
It weighs 2 kg 1 min
Put coffee in
1 min
machine
Prepare the ballot for
2 min
sales
Machining 5 min

Take coffee 2 min

Pack 1.5 min

Delivery coffee and ticket
Receive coffee and ticket 1 min 1 min
a client

Productive time 2 min 11 min 5 min

Unproductive time 12 min 3 min 9 min
Cycle time 14 min 14 min 14 min
Utilization percentage 14.3% 78.6% 35.7%

3. Wrap Toys

Miguel, Guillermo, Marcos, and Víctor work in the toy department.

the store "Chamitos". The work they do consists of looking for boxes
with toys in the storage, wrap them and tie them. Subsequently mine, you are
Boxes are loaded onto a truck to be taken to various places in the country.

The method currently employed to carry out this task is as follows:

Miguel goes to the warehouse, looks for 3 boxes and brings them to the place where he is.
Guillermo (1 min), who wraps them (2 min) and hands them to Marcos (1 min).
Marcos ties the boxes with a string (2 min). Victor takes the tied boxes and carries them.
and place it in the truck (2.5 min) and return to the place where Marcos is (1 min).

Analyze the activities of these four workers (there are activities that have not been)
mentioned), using the crew diagram. Indicate the performance of each
worker. (The package of 3 boxes is considered as one processed unit).

SOLUTION:

Column A represents Miguel; B represents Guillermo, C represents Marcos, and D represents

Victor.
 A B C D
No. Description
State State State State
1 Take 3 boxes and take them to B (1 min) 1
2 Return to deposit (1 min) 1
3 Wrap 3 boxes (2 min) 2 3
4 Move 3 boxes to C (1 min) 2 3
5 Return to site B (1 min) 1 3
6 Tie 3 boxes (2 min) 1 3
7 Carry and load 3 boxes onto the truck (2.5 min) 2 4
8 Return to site C (1 min) 2 4
9 Delay 1 5 6
1 5 6
2 3 6
2 3 6
1 3 9 7
1 3 9 7
2 4 9 7
2 4 9 7
1 5 6 7
1 5 6 8
2 3 6 8
2 3 6 9
1 3 9 7
1 3 9 7

In the escalated time, each division represents 0.5 minutes.

Cycle:

8 divisions * 0.5 min / division = 4 min

Performance of each worker:

Miguel:(8/8)*100=100% Marcos: (4/8)*100=50%

Guillermo: (8/8)*100=100% (7/8)*100=87.5%

4. Tracheotomy

The following information represents the activities in an emergency room of

a hospital to perform a tracheotomy, where the detailed analysis of the
The activity is crucial and any delay could be fatal.

Create the group or crew diagram (time in minutes).

The "nurse" performs the second activity at the same time as the "first
"doctor" makes the diagnosis.

After the diagnosis, the 'primary physician' performs their next activity and then
At the same time, the 'nurse' informs the 'supervising nurse' to open the
operating room.
Subsequently, the 'nurse' informs the 'second doctor' to carry out his
first activity.
Immediately after, the 'nurse' informs the 'nurse' so that both
take the patient to the operating room and at the same time the "assistant" performs their first
activity.
On the other hand, the 'first doctor' performs activities 3, 4, and 5 in a manner
sequential. However, he cannot perform the tracheotomy until the
Second doctor, operate and place the endotracheal tube.

Note: The 'second doctor' sequentially carries out activities 2 and 3.

immediately after the "assistant" finishes the first activity.
SOLUTION:
SOLUTION RECOVERY EXAM IN ENGINEERING OF METHODS

1. Indicate what factors make up a working method.

Improve the methods and procedures

Determine the standard time (for production planning, scheduling
and control of production, budgets, prices, costs, delivery times,
etc.).
Balance or balance the production lines.
Create a better work environment (better lighting, ventilation,
cleaning, security, etc.).

2. Determine the value-added index, based on the information contained in

the following flow diagram:

The added value can be derived from the operations that take place in the area.
from the packaging machine.
3. Determine the combined cost index, based on the information contained
in the following process diagram:

SOLUTION:

The aggregate cost index is given

4. Elaborate the assembly diagram for a writing pen shown in the
following scheme:
 5. Indicate which technique should be used to determine the
normal times, in a production process that has not yet been installed
physically, that is to say, it is only found in the project mode
executive.

Solution:
The study of times proper.

6. Indicate the two conditions that must be met before conducting a study.
of times.

Solution:
Having the right materials for the case
I have conducted a respective methods study.
 EXERCISES ON EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY

8. It is desired to print 1,000 sets of teaching materials of 80 sheets each, for

We need the following: - 90,000 bond paper sheets at $30 per thousand - 80 cardstock sheets
$3.00each-Costofthecardboardcopy(diplomat)$1.00-Materialsusedforthe
printing(90,000sheets),$0.02/sheet.-Costocover,staplethesets,$0.20perset-
Price per event per game $10
Determine: Ef, Ee, PvMPyPvK

Solution:

Ef =80,000 hours = 0.889 PMP= 1000 juergos0.011 game/sheet

90000 hours 90000 hours

Expenses:
90000 sheets x $30 / thousand = 2700
80 diplomat sheets x $3 = $240
Diplomat copy 80 sheets x $1 = 80
Printing 90000 x 0.02 = 1800

Ef =$10000= 2.07 Pk= 1000 joules= 0.19 game/ $

$4820 $5020

9. The Líber bottling company produces papaya juice. The processing of a batch
"Paila" produces 2.472 bottles of juice. The components of a paila are 350.
50 Kg of water and 5 Kg of other ingredients (citric acid,
coloring agents, ascorbic acid, sodium benzoate, essence, pure water) the price of
30 soles
Soles. The process that includes: peeling, cutting, packing costs 16,500 soles.
the pan. Additionally, it is known that peeling the papaya results in a 40% waste and the

extract discards 6.57% of the weight of papaya used - Each bottle is sold
at 29 soles, it is requested to determine:

a) Physical and Economic Efficiency

b) Productivity in relation to raw materials and the materials used
Solution:

Enter:
350 Kg x 0.40 = 140 Kg
350–140 = 210 Kg

Sale:
210 Kg x 0.0657 = 13.797 Kg
210 Kg - 13.797 Kg = 196.2 Kg

a) Physical and Economic Efficiency:

Ef =196.2= 0.56
350

Sales = 2452 x 29 soles = 71688 soles

Cost = 37080 soles

Ee =71688 soles 1.93 soles

37080 soles

b) PMP= 2472 botellas/paila7.06 bottles / kg of papaya

350 kg of papaya

PCAPITAL = 2472 bottles/pail0.067 bottles/ soles invested in capital

37080

A sweater factory buys 500 kg of polyester at 35 soles per kilogram and

Produce 1950 sweaters, which are sold at the price of 90 soles each. The weight of the
1950 units excluding the thread weighs 487.5 kg. If only it can be placed in the
market 90% of the production (sale), determine:

a) Physical efficiency
b) Economic efficiency
Solution:

Ef =487.5 kg= 0.775

500 kg

Ingresos: 157937.5
500 x 35 = 17500

Ee=157937.5= 9.02
17500

TURKEY PROCESSING

A worker A goes to the live turkey depot and collects 6 using a pole.
aluminum with rope. Then the same worker takes them to the block for the
head cutting, where an operator B picks up the turkeys one by one to
place them in the funnels and kill them, where they drain the blood. The function of a
worker C is to pick up the 6 dead turkeys and take them to the tub
hot water and boil them; then, he takes them himself to the plucking, where
a worker D and his 2 assistants pluck the birds. Then, one of the
helpers take the 6 birds to a plastic storage, where an operator E
choose the turkeys, checking that there are no feathers remaining, removing them if there are

Another worker F picks up the 6 turkeys, flames them one by one and then
take everyone together to the cleaning table. At the table, an operator G and his
helpers eviscerate and wash the turkeys, placing the clean and washed entrails
in bags that are inserted into the birds. Immediately a worker H collects
the 6 turkeys and places them in a storage, weighs them one by one, sticking them
sticker with the weighing data. An assistant X, from the wrapping area, collects
the 6 turkeys and takes them to his workplace, where he finds another one.
assistant Z and his supervisor. Once the task of wrapping the 6 turkeys was completed, the

The supervisor orders assistant Z to take them to the freezer.

Prepare DAP

M.P. Collect turkeys

 Burning turkeys
Gather Turkeys

To bring turkeys to

Take turkeys to the slaughter mesa de limpieza

Operator G
Operator B
Eviscerate and wash
Catch Turkeys turkeys

Put turkeys in funnels

Place clean entrails
Operator C

Collect dead turkeys Place entrails

en bolsas

Worker H
Take turkeys to the tub
Gather turkeys

Boil turkeys Put turkeys in storage

Take turkeys to plucking

Weigh and place sticker
Operator D
Helper X
Pluck turkeys
Gathering turkeys

Take birds to storage

Take turkeys to place
Operator E of work

Choosing turkeys
Wrap 6 turkeys

Operator F

Take to frozen