NATIONALUNIVERSITYOFTRUJILLO

SCHOOLOFENGINEERING

SCHOOLOFINDUSTRIALENGINEERING

PROPOSED PROBLEMS 04

"IDEAL GAS MODEL"

COURSE:
Thermodynamics

TEACHER:
Jhon Chuquillanqui Vereau

STUDENT:
Ruiz Ruiz Luis

CYCLE:
IV

SECTION:
B

CICI
EIROS DE
PLI
A CACÓN
4I
RUJIL
T LO–P
RU
E
2020
 PROPOSED PROBLEMS: 'IDEAL GAS MODEL'

Solution:
m11500 Kg
T1315 K°
P1= 450 Kpa
a) V1= ?
PV = RTn

Kpa.m3
450Kpa*V11500 Kg * 0.1886 315 Kpa
Kg . K
V1 =197.99 m3

ma500 Kg
mf= 2000 Kg
T = constant
V = constant

PV 450Kpa∗V PfV
=C =
m 1500Kg 2000Kg

Pf= 600 Kpa

4.22Obtain the following magnitudes from the appropriate tables:
a) The temperature of nitrogen, in Kelvin, whose specific enthalpyfIt is 405.1 KJ/Kg.
kJ
∗28.01g
kg kJ
h=405.1 =11346.8510
mol kilomole
→ T =390K
According to table A.6

b) The temperature of carbon dioxide, in kelvin, whose value of cv is 0.790 KJ/Kg.K

According to table A.3
kJ
C v =0.790 → T =450K
kgK

c) The internal energy of oxygen, in KJ/Kg, at 500K.

According to table A.7
kJ
∗k mol
kmol kJ
T =500K is equal to u=10,614 =0.3317
32kg kg

d) The internal energy of the air, in KJ/Kg, whose enthalpy is 451.8 KJ/Kg.
According to table A.5
kJ kJ
h=451.8→u=322.62
kg kg

e) The enthalpy variation of nitrogen, using the specific heat capacityfica

average between 450 and 600 K, in KJ/Kg.

According to table A.3

kJ kJ
450K to Cv=0.752 =338.4
kg∙K kg
kJ kJ
600K →Cv =0.778 → h =¿ 466.8 .
kg∙ K kg
kJ
Delta h=128.4 .
kg
4.26.A certain amount of nitrogen occupies an initial volume of 0.890 m3a
a pressure of 2 bar and a temperature of 27°C. It is compressed to a volume of
0.356 m3and a pressure of 12.5 bar. Calculate (a) The temperatureffinal in °C, (b) The
mass in kilograms and the variation of internal energy in kilojoules using (c) The
table A.3 and (d) table A.6

Data:
V 1=0.890m3 V 2=0.356m3

P1=2 ¿¯ P2=12.5¿¯

T 1=27°C=300K T 2=?

Solution:
b) We calculate
a) We calculate the final temperature in °C:the mass in kilograms:
PV=RT
We assume that the process is isothermal.
P 1× V1P2 × V 2 PV=mRT
=
T1 T2 PV
=
RT
¿¿
12.5(0.356)(300K)
T 2=
2(0.890)
T 2=750K

T 2 ask us in °C
Answer: But like the they T=477℃
2 C.
m1=m2

P1× V 1
m 1=
R×T1
m 1=¿ ¿

m 1=0.071Kg

Answer: The mass of this process, since it is isothermal, we only find one.
mass, which is, m = 0.071 Kg.

c) We calculate the variation of internal energy in KJ according to tables A.3 and A.6.

For the nitrogen gas: T=300K

1 y T 2=750K
∆ u =C vm∆ T

According to table A.3:

C v300+C v 750 0.743+0.813
C vm = = =0.778
2 2
750
350.1KJ
∆ u = ∫0.778dt=0.778 ( 750−300 ) =0.778 ( 450 )= × 0 . 0 7 1 K g =24,857KJ
300 Kg

According to table A.6:

T 1=300K Y u1=6.229 KJ/Kg
T 2=750K Y u2=15,913KJ/ kg
∆ u =(u¿¿2−u)m1¿

15,913−6,229
( ) ( 0.071 ) Kj( Kg)
change in u=
Kg
D e l t a u =0.688KJ
4.3868.2Kj/Kg In a closed system, 0.1kg of argon expands in a process
isothermal, from 2 bar and 325 K until the volume triples and they communicate from
heat. If during the process a 12V battery is operated for 20 seconds,
determine the intensity of the current supplied in amperes, to the resistance
that is found within the [Link] stored energy in the
resistance.
Data:
M =0.1Kg
Po=2¿¯
T =325k
V =12V
Q=68.2Kj/Kg
Vo=V
3V
t=20 s

Solution:
ΔU=Q+W→Q+W 1 +W 2=0

68.2+Drink+− ∫ Pdv=0

3v
PVln
I v
68.2+12 ( 20 )
( )
0.1
−
0.1
=0

Resolving;
I = 2.5A

Response: I2.5A
4.48In an adiabatic cylinder-piston device, there are 0.01 [Link] of helium that
it is maintained at a constant pressure of 2 bar. The piston has no friction and the
the initial temperature of the gas is 20°C. A paddle wheel makes 1000 turns inside
of the gas, until its volume increases by 25%. Calculate:
Data:
=0.01 Kmol
P=2¿¯200KPa
T =20°C=293K
¿ turns=1000
V I=V

V f =1.25V

a) The constant torque of the paddle wheel, in N.m:

Vf

W=− ∫ PdV
Vi

W=−P(V f−V i )

W=−P(1.25V−V)
W=−P(0.25V)

By the ideal gas law:

P × V = Ru×T×n

200KPa×V=8.314 KPa·m3 / Kmol. K ×293K ×0.01Kmol

V =0.1218m3
Finally:
W=−P(0.25V)

W=−200KPa(0.25×0.1218m3 )
W=6.090KJ
W=6090 N.m
b) The work done on the system, in KJ:
W total=¿ turns×W

W total=1000×6.09KJ
W total=6090KJ

6.48)In a closed system, they expand quasi-statically, at constant pressure,

0.1 kg of an ideal gas (M= 40 kg/kmol), from 100 kPa and 40°C to 150°C. If it
They communicate 5,200 J of heat during the process, determine a) the work of expansion
in KJ, b) the average value of Cv in kJ/Kg.°C.

Where: V1= 0.8714

105.30 U2= 631.68
V2= 1.0905
A)
So: how is constant pressure.

In Winter=PΔV
W int= P(V2- V1)
W int = (100 kPa) * (1.0905 - 0.8714)
W int = 21.09 kJ

Therefore:

W expansion = W internal + Q
W expansion = 22.09 kJ + 5.2 kJ
Work expansion = 27.29 kJ
B)
∆U = (Cv) * ∆T
U2-U1 = (Cv) * (T2 - T1)
631.68 - 105.30 = Cv * (150 - 40)
Cv= 4.785 KJ/Kg*°C
4.60A rigid tank contains nitrogen at 100 kPa and 17 °C. A wheel is spun.
pallets inside the warehouse using an external source, which generates a pair of
11.0 N.m for 100 turns of the shaft, until the pressureThe final pressure is 130kPa. During the
During the process, there is a heat loss of 1.0 kJ. Determine (a) the mass inside.
of the deposit in kilograms, and (b) the volume of the deposit in cubic meters. Disregard
the energy stored in the paddle wheel.
DATA:
1kJ
Initial pressure = 100kPa
Pressureffinal = 130kPa
17 °C
Weje=2πnτ , n = 100 andτ =11Nm

SOLUTION:
Determine the mass inside the tank in kilograms

We know that:
Δ is no expansion or compression work since the
Q + W =There
volume is constant, but if there is work from the wheel of
popsicles: Weje
So:

1 k J +Weje=Delta U=mC(T−T)
v 2 1 … (1)

We find2 :
P 2 P1 130 kPa 100 kPa
=→ = →T 2=22.1°C
T 2T 1 T2 17°C
We replace in (1):
0.743 kJ
1 k J +( 2 π 1 0 0 x 11 N m)=m
( ) 22.1−17) °C
kg°C C (

3.7893 kJ
1 k J + 6.91 kW=m
(kg )
3.7893 kJ
7.91 kJ=m
( kg )m=2.08 kg
(b) DDetermine the volume of the tank in cubic meters.

That for this case the volume of the deposit is the same as the volume of the gas, already
what is contained in it.
To find the volume we use the ideal gas equation:

P1 V1=NRT1
Replacing:

coal gas m3
( 100 kPaV=(
) )(8,314 kPa. )(290K)
Molar Mass kmol. K

100xV=
2.08kg
28.01
kg
( )
mol
( ( ))
8,314
m3
kmol
(290)

V =1.79 times 10−3m3

4.13.-In a tank, it contains helium at 600 kPa and 40°C. One kilogram of gas is extracted.
which causes a variation in pressure and temperature up to 340 kPa and 20°C.
Calculate (a) the volume of the tank, in liters, and (b) the initial mass in the tank.
(Helium)
Po600 kPa
To= 40°C = 300 K
Pf = 340kPa
Tf= 20°C = 293 K
mentry1kg

They ask us:

momass (kg)
Vo= volume (m3)
We find Vo
PV = mRT
8.314 kPa.m3
600 kPa. Vo= mo .313K
4,003kg. K
Vo1.0835 mo
We found Vf :
8.314 kPa.m³
340 Vf= (mo .293K
4,003kg. K
Vf = 1.7898(mo- 1)
If the volume does not vary, then we have that Vo= V
1.0835 mo1.7898(mo- 1)
mo12.53 kg
Vo2.74 m3
 4.94)A cylindrical-piston device contains gaseous carbon monoxide at 100
KPa and 27°C
a) in process A, the gas is heated at constant volume until it doubles the
pressure. Next, it expands at constant pressure so that the volume triples.
initial value.
b) in process B, the same gas in the same initial state first expands to
constant pressure until the volume triples; then, the gas is heated to
constant volume until it reaches the same pressureffinal that in the process A.
determine the net heat transferred in these two processes, the net work and the
variations of internal energy, in KJ/Kg. Compare the results of both
processes.
SOLUTION:

8.31 KJ
P=100KPa;T=300K ; R=
mol.K
PV Terms and
300RConditions
=R=¿ V = = =0.025L
T P 100 times 103
a)
KJ
Vf=Vi; Pi=100KPa and Pf=200KPa;∆ T =600−300=300K ; Resume=0.7441
Kg.K
W =0KJ/ Kg
∆U=Cv∆T=0.7441 ( 300)=223.23KJ/ Kg
Q=D e l t a U =223.23KJ/ Kg
KJ
3Vi ∆ T =900−300=600K;Cp=1.0411
Kg.K
0.075 0.075
In=− ∫0.025 PdV=− 0.025
∫ 200 times 103dV=−20003 ( 0.075−0.025 ) =−10KJ/ Kg
∆U=Cp∆T=1,0411 ( 600)=624.66 KJ/ Kg
Q=∆ U +W=624.66−10=614.66 KJ/ Kg
KJ KJ
You went=0−10=−10 ;∆Uneto=223.23+624.66=847.89 ;
Kg Kg
b)
KJ
3Vi ∆ T =900−300=600K;Cp=1.0411
Kg.K
0.075 0.075
W=− ∫
0.025
PdV=− ∫0.025 10003dV=−100 times 103( 0.075−0.025=−50KJ/Kg
)

ΔU=Cp∆T=1.0411 ( 600 ) =624.66KJ/ Kg

Q=∆ U +W=624.66−50=574.66 KJ/ Kg
KJ
ii) Vf=Vi; Pi=100KPa and Pf=200KPa;∆ T =600−300=300K ; Resume=0.7441
Kg.K.
W=0KJ/ Kg
∆U=Cv∆T=0.7441 ( 300)=223.23KJ/ Kg
Q=∆ U =223.23

KJ KJ
Wneto=−50+0=−50 ;∆Uneto=624.66+ 223.23=847.89 ;
Kg Kg
Qneto=223.23+574.66=797.89KJ/ Kg

KJ KJ KJ
Wneto( ) ∆Uneto( ) Qneto( )
Kg Kg Kg
A −10 847.89 837.89
B −50 847.89 797.89
 4.119In an isolated container, 20 kg of liquid water at 300 K is placed with 10 kg of
ice at 260 K. The specific heat capacitiesfthe averages of the ice and the liquid
can be taken to be equal to 2.065 and 4.188 KJ/Kg.K, respectively, and it is known that
It takes 333.5 KJ to melt 1 Kg of ice at 0°C. Calculate (a) the mass of the ice that is
has melted, and (b) the temperatureffinal in °C.
SOLUTION: TK
Heatwater=m waterThiswater∆T

Heatwater=20×4,188×(300−273)
300
Heatwater=2261.52KJ 260 Liquid
Fusion
273 Ice
Heatice=miceThisice∆T
t
Heatice=10 times 2,065 times(273−260)
Heatice=268.45KJ

Heatfusion=L m ice

Heatfusion=333.5 × 10
So the ice block has not completely melted, just a portion; now we will look for
Heatfusion=3335KJ
the ice mass that has turned into liquid:
a) Heatice+ Heatfusion=3603.45
HeatHeat<
fusion=L
Heat+Heat
m X
agua hielo fusión

Heatfusion=Heatwater−Heatice

333.5 × mX =2261.52−268.45

333.5×mX =J u l y 1 9 9 3 =¿ m X =5.97 kg
b) knowing that the mass of the melted ice is not complete, we can say that the temperature of
equilibrium is:T balance=273k=0 ° C

Fi