Manual Load Handling Procedure Guide
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ScribdTranslationsManual Load Handling Procedure Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsSG-SST-01
PROCEDURE FOR THE Version:1
LOAD HANDLING
04/24/2021
1. OBJECTIVES
Establish the procedure for manual handling of loads in a standard way
safe.
2. SCOPE
This procedure is directed to all personnel involved in their duties.
must carry out manual handling of loads.
3. DEFINITIONS
Manual handling of loads: it consists of any transportation operation
or the handling of a load by one or several workers, such as the
lifting, placement, pushing, pulling or displacement.
Lift: 1. Action and effect of moving something from down to up, or
poner una cosa en lugar más alto que el que antes tenía. 2. Poner derecha
and in a vertical position to a person or thing that is inclined, lying down, etc.
Separate one thing from another on which it rests or is attached.
Put: To place a person or load in its proper place.
Traction: To exert force against a load to move it, hold it, or
reject it.
Displace: Move a person or load from the place where it is.
Load: It is any object capable of being moved. The following will also be considered
you load the materials that are handled mechanically, but that require
still the human effort to move them or place them in their final position.
4. RESPONSIBILITY
4.1. Worker: Perform load handling following the steps
established in the procedure.
4.2. Area Chief: Reinforces information to staff about the procedure
safety for load handling. Verify that this procedure is
fulfill.
4.3. Technique in Occupational Safety and Health: Trains personnel in
proper and safe manual handling of loads. Records and analyzes information
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related to injuries associated with inadequate handling of
loads and proposes corrective actions.
5. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATIONS
Manual handling of loads is responsible, in many cases, for the
appearance of physical fatigue, or injuries, that can occur immediately or
due to the accumulation of small traumas. They can be injured as well as
workers who regularly handle loads like workers
occasional.
The most common injuries include, among others: bruises, cuts, wounds,
fractures and especially musculoskeletal injuries. They can occur in
any area of the body, but the upper limbs are more sensitive, and the
back, especially in the lower back area.
The risk factors that determine this type of injury are as follows:
6.1. Characteristic of the load
It is too heavy or large.
It is bulky or difficult to hold.
It is in an unstable equilibrium or its content risks shifting.
It is positioned in such a way that it must be held or manipulated at a distance from
trunk or with twist or inclination of it.
The load, due to its exterior appearance or consistency, can cause
injuries to the worker, particularly in case of a blow.
6.2. The physical effort required
It is too important.
It can only be performed by a twisting or bending movement of the torso.
It can cause a sudden movement of the load.
It is performed while the body is in an unstable position.
It involves lifting or lowering the load with the need to modify the grip.
6.3. Characteristics of the work environment
The free space, especially vertical, is insufficient for the exercise of
activity.
The ground is uneven and can lead to tripping, or it is slippery for him.
footwear worn by the worker.
The situation or work environment does not allow the worker to manipulate.
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manual for lifting loads at a safe height and in a correct posture.
The floor or the work surface has unevenness that requires handling.
of the load at different levels.
The ground or the support point is unstable.
The temperature, humidity, or air circulation is inadequate.
The lighting is not adequate.
There is exposure to vibrations.
6.4. Demands of the activity
Too frequent or prolonged physical efforts in which intervenes in
especially the spine.
Insufficient period of physiological rest or recovery.
Distances that are too large for elevation, descent, or transport.
Rhythm imposed by a process that the worker cannot modulate.
6.5. Individual risk factors
The lack of physical ability to perform the task.
The inadequate provision of working clothes, footwear or other effects
personal.
The insufficiency or inadequacy of knowledge or training.
The prior existence of dorso-lumbar pathology.
7. DESCRIPTION OF THE STEPS TO FOLLOW
7.1. Before load handling (Plan the lifting):
Examine the load before handling it: follow the instructions that appear on the
box or packaging of the cargo regarding the possible risks of the cargo, such as
they can be an unstable center of gravity, corrosive materials, etc.
If there are no instructions on the packaging, carefully observe the load, paying attention to
special attention to its shape and size, possible weight, grip areas and possible
dangerous points (edges, sharp edges, nail tips, etc.). Try to lift
first one side, since the size of the load does not always provide an exact idea
of its real weight.
Planning the lift: decide on the most suitable grip point or points,
check where to deposit the load and apart from the route any
element that could interfere with transportation.
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Define whether handling a load requires two people, an aspect that must
to be fulfilled as long as: the object has, regardless of its weight, at least
two dimensions greater than 76 cm; when a person has to lift a
weight exceeds 30 kg and their usual work is not that of handling loads; and
when the object is very long and a single person cannot transport it properly
stable.
Use clothing, footwear (do not use sandals, sneakers, and similar items) and the
appropriate equipment. The clothing should be comfortable, without interfering in the
worker mobility. Avoid using wide pockets, belts or
other elements that may become hooked.
Use the precise mechanical aids. Whenever possible, they should be
use mechanical aids.
7.2. During the handling of the load:
Follow the five basic rules when lifting the load: separate your feet
until achieving a stable position; bend the knees while keeping the back
straight at all times; bring the object as close to the body as possible; lift the weight
gradually and without jolts; and not to twist the torso while lifting the
load (it is preferable to rotate on the feet).
Hold the load firmly using both hands. The best type of grip.
it would be a hook grip, but it can also depend on preferences
individuals, the important thing is that it is safe. When it is necessary to change the
grasp it, doing it gently or supporting the load, as it increases the risks.
Place the load in the most favorable location for the person who has to.
manipulate it, so that the load is close to it, in front and at the height of the
hip.
Lift the load to hip level and as close to the body as possible. If
the transport is carried out with only one arm, lateral inclinations should be avoided
from the column.
If the lifting is from the ground to a significant height, for example, the
shoulder height or higher, support the load halfway to be able to change
the grip.
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Use mechanical aids whenever possible. When it is necessary to reach
Heavy loads over long distances can use hooks or poles.
Trunk hyperextension is avoided by placing ladders or platforms.
Avoid tasks that are performed continuously in the same posture. You
should promote the alternation of tasks and the taking of breaks, which is
they will be established based on each person and the effort required by the position of
work.
In general, the maximum recommended weight for regular handling tasks
of loads is, under favorable handling conditions and ideal
lifting of 25 kg. However, if you want to protect the majority of the
working population (women, youth, elderly people...), the maximum weight
the recommended weight is 15 kg. In occasional load handling tasks,
for a healthy and trained worker, the allowed weight can reach up to 40
kg.
7.3. When depositing the load:
If the lift is from the ground to a significant height, for
example the height of the shoulders or more, support the load halfway
way to change the grip.
Deposit the load and then adjust it if necessary.
Carry out spaced lifts.
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ANNEX 1
Correct Method for Lifting and Transporting Load
If the loads to be manipulated are
found on the ground or near it, they
they will use load handling techniques that
allow the use of the leg muscles
more than those on the back trying to diminish
the tension in the lumbar area.
Separate the feet until achieving a stance.
stable, placing one foot further ahead than the
another in the direction of the movement.
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Bend the knees while maintaining everything
keep the back straight or slightly
leaning forward.
Bring the object as close to the body as possible, to a
height between the elbows and the
knuckles.
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Lift the weight gradually, without jerks and
using the strength of the legs.
Do not twist the trunk while lifting the
load. It is preferable to pivot on the feet to
position yourself in the desired position.
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If the uprising takes place from the
I ground up to a height greater than that of the
shoulders, support the load halfway to
to be able to change the grip.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
When the weight and/or the stability of the center of
the weight of the load generates doubts in the
worker, one side will be raised first already
that not always the size of the load offers
an exact idea of its characteristics and weight
real. Loads with the center of gravity
off-centered will be manipulated with the side more
heavy close to the body.
In the development of packaging tasks:
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It should be mentioned on the packaging to the
possible risks of the load as long as they are
known, or notify the person in charge of it
transfer.
It will be about preparing the load properly
that the movements of the content are avoided.
When loads are habitually handled
it will be necessary to resort to the use of belts of
lumbar support, gloves, and footwear
safety. The clothing should be comfortable,
without interfering with the worker's mobility. It
will avoid using large pockets,
belts or other elements susceptible to
to get hooked
It is highly advisable to maintain habits of
healthy life by exercising regularly
and taking care of posture while walking and sitting.