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Class 12 Integration Formulas Guide

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Class 12 Integration Formulas Guide

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© All Rights Reserved
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Class 12 - Integration Formulas (All)

Basic Formulas
\(\int k dx = kx + C\)
\(\int x^n dx = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1} + C, \, n \neq -1\)
\(\int \frac{dx}{x} = \ln|x| + C\)

Trigonometric Integrals
\(\int \sin x dx = -\cos x + C\)
\(\int \cos x dx = \sin x + C\)
\(\int \sec^2 x dx = \tan x + C\)
\(\int \csc^2 x dx = -\cot x + C\)
\(\int \sec x \tan x dx = \sec x + C\)
\(\int \csc x \cot x dx = -\csc x + C\)

Exponential & Logarithmic


\(\int e^x dx = e^x + C\)
\(\int a^x dx = \frac{a^x}{\ln a} + C\)

Inverse Trigonometric
\(\int \frac{dx}{\sqrt{a^2 - x^2}} = \sin^{-1}\frac{x}{a} + C\)
\(\int \frac{dx}{a^2 + x^2} = \frac{1}{a}\tan^{-1}\frac{x}{a} + C\)
\(\int \frac{dx}{x\sqrt{x^2 - a^2}} = \frac{1}{a}\sec^{-1}\left|\frac{x}{a}\right| + C\)

Integration of Functions
\(\int \tan x dx = \ln|\sec x| + C\)
\(\int \cot x dx = \ln|\sin x| + C\)
\(\int \sec x dx = \ln|\sec x + \tan x| + C\)
\(\int \csc x dx = \ln|\csc x - \cot x| + C\)

Integrals of sqrt forms


\(\int \sqrt{a^2 - x^2} dx = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{a^2 - x^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\sin^{-1}\frac{x}{a} + C\)
\(\int \sqrt{a^2 + x^2} dx = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{a^2 + x^2} + \frac{a^2}{2}\ln|x + \sqrt{a^2 + x^2}| + C\)
\(\int \sqrt{x^2 - a^2} dx = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{x^2 - a^2} - \frac{a^2}{2}\ln|x + \sqrt{x^2 - a^2}| + C\)

By Parts
\(\int u dv = u v - \int v du\)

Definite Integrals
\(\int_a^b f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)\)
\(\int_0^a f(x) dx = \int_0^a f(a-x) dx\) (if f is symmetric)
\(\int_0^a f(x) dx = 0\) if f(x) is odd about x = a/2

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