THE TRANSPORT OF PEOPLE "BY ROAD" IN ITALY (over 3.

5 T)
According to the regulations of the Highway Code and related Regulations, Decrees, and Circulars

This handbook provides a brief distinction between vehicles of total mass.

vehicles with a gross load of more than 3.5 tons used for the transport of people, namely buses,
self-driving cars and the file vehicles, considering the technical characteristics of the vehicles provided by the immense
Italian bureaucracy. The main differences of the services to which to assign will also be addressed.
vehicle for passenger transport: the public line service, the Rental With Driver service
and the school bus.

BUS
Buses are vehicles used for the transportation of people with more than 9 seats including the driver;
they are part of the category of motor vehicles.
According to the international classification of motor and towed vehicles, buses fall under
in category M (motor vehicles intended for the transport of persons with at least 4 wheels) and more
precisely
Category M1: motor vehicles intended for the transport of persons with a maximum of 8 seats
sit beyond the driver's seat.
Category M2: motor vehicles intended for the transport of persons with more than 8 seating places
in addition to the driver's seat and a maximum weight not exceeding 5 tons.
Category M3: motor vehicles intended for the transport of persons with more than 8 seats
in addition to the driver's seat and a maximum weight exceeding 5 tons.
The dimensional and mass characteristics of buses, according to the provisions of article 61.
of the Highway Code, from Article 216 of the regulations and from Article 62 of the Highway Code, are as follows:
• maximum length:
or two axes: 13.50 meters
or three or more axes: 15.00 meters
Note: The experimentation of buses longer than 12 meters ended in 2001 and
they can currently circulate with maximum lengths of up to 15 meters (Circular DTTSIS
November 18, 2003 No. 4346-MOT2/B.
Valid exemption only for NCC and tourist buses: such buses can be equipped.
of ski or luggage racks applied at the rear cantilevered; therefore as an exception
in accordance with Article 61 of the Highway Code and in compliance with DD 13.3.1997, 464/4288(0) and Directive 2002/7/EC
receipt with DM 12.9.2003, it is necessary for buses not to exceed the length
maximum allowed by the Highway Code even with added removable superstructures, such as ski racks.
• maximum width:
2.55 meters. This measurement excludes the protrusions due to the movable mirrors.
or other devices for indirect viewing, lighting devices, footrests
retractable, the convex part of the tire located immediately above the point of
contact with the ground, removable lateral guidance devices mounted on buses
intended to be used in guided vehicle systems, if not retracted. For the sole
vehicles in the international category M2 and M3, ramps are not considered either.
access in marching order, lifting platforms and similar equipment
in marching order, provided that they do not protrude more than 10 cm from the sides of the vehicle and the
the corners of the front or rear ramps should be rounded with a curvature not
less than 5 mm, while the edges must be rounded and have a curvature
of at least 2.5 mm (directive 2003/19/EC implemented by DM 12.9.2003 which modifies the
Directive 97/27/EC implemented by Ministerial Decree 14.11.1997.
• maximum height:
operates all buses, except those in urban and suburban public line service:
4.00 meters;
operate the buses in urban and suburban public service: 4.30 meters (must)
but must circulate exclusively on predetermined routes, an essential characteristic and
indispensable of the line service.
 • maximum mass:
two-axle bus, except those in urban and suburban public line service: 18
Tons;
two-axle bus in urban and suburban public service: 19 tons;
bus with 3 or more axles: 25 tons;
the bus with 3 axles equipped with a drive axle fitted with twin tires and
pneumatic suspensions (or recognized equivalents by the Ministry of)
infrastructure and transport): 26 Tons;
a bus with 4 or more axles equipped with a drive axle fitted with dual tires and
pneumatic suspensions (or recognized as equivalent by the Ministry of)
infrastructure and transport): 32 Tons.
• maximum gravitational mass on the most loaded axis: 12 tons (in any case it cannot)
exceed the maximum limit recognized as permissible by the vehicle manufacturer); in
in the case of contiguous axes, the sum of the masses corresponding to such axes must not
exceed the following values:
o12 Tonne: with an axial distance of less than 1 meter;
o16 Tons: with an axial distance equal to or greater than 1 meter and less than 1.3
metri;
20 Tons: with an axial distance of 1.3 meters or greater and less than 2
meters.
The maximum speed limits for buses, according to Article 142 of the Highway Code, are the following
the trolleybuses also come back:
• for buses with a maximum total weight of up to 8 tons when fully loaded: the following are valid
general speed limits, namely:
50 km/h: in urban centers;
70 km/h: in urban areas, on roads whose construction characteristics it
allow, after the installation of appropriate road signs (DLG no. 9/2002);
90 km/h: on secondary or local extra-urban roads;
110 km/h: on major extra-urban roads;
130 km/h: on the highways;
150 km/h: on motorways with at least 3 lanes in each direction plus the breakdown lane
emergency (DLG no. 9/2002) limited to certain well-defined stretches by the entities
owners or concessionaires of the highways, after the installation of appropriate signs
road
110 km/h: on the highways, in case of any type of precipitation
(automatic limitation and without obligation of signage - DLG n. 9/2002);
90 km/h: on main urban roads, in case of atmospheric precipitation.
of any nature (automatic limitation and without the obligation of signage – DLG n.
9/2002)
• for buses with a total mass at full load exceeding 8 tons:
80 km/h: on secondary and main extra-urban roads;
100 km/h: on the highways.
At the rear of buses and trolleybuses, with a total mass at full load exceeding
8 tons, registered in Italy, must indicate the maximum permitted speeds.
through the appropriate self-adhesive discs (Art. 142, c. 4 CdS).
Buses can be used for:
• the use of terziche includes:
driverless location;
chauffeur-driven rental service (NCC);
line service for the transportation of people.
• proper use that understands:
private service
school bus service.
In relation to technical characteristics, national standards distinguish buses:
 • bus
• minibus
• school bus
• minibus
The national regulations (Ministerial Decree 18.4.1977 and subsequent amendments and additions with the Ministerial Decree)
14.1.1983, D.M. 13.6.1983, D.M. 29.6.1986, D.M. 21.7.1989, D.M. 18.9.1991 e D.M. 24.7.2002)
distinguishes, depending on the technical characteristics, the buses and minibuses intended for service
line public, in the following types, based on the type of transport carried out:
• urban: with seats and spaces designated for standing passengers;
• suburban: with seats, spaces designated for standing passengers and with a number of seats
a seat not less than 40% of the total seats (35% for articulated buses and truck trailers);
• intercity: with seats and passengers standing on short routes with close stops and
possibility of transporting in the circulation corridor (the seats must not be
below 65% of the total seats, 55% for articulated buses);
• granturismo: they do not have spaces for standing passengers.
According to Community regulations (D.M. 23.12.2003 and Circular Motorizzazione n. 495/MOT1.04C)
- MOT B055 of 14.6.1999) buses can also be classified according to the following criterion:
• bus with a seating capacity of 22+1 (driver) or less:
Class A: vehicles with seats and arranged for standing passengers;
Class B: vehicles not designed for standing passengers;
• bus with more than 22+1 seats (driver):
class I: vehicles with space for standing passengers;
Class II: vehicles for the transport of seated and standing passengers in the corridor and in the area
that does not exceed the space intended for two double seats;
class III: vehicles built exclusively for the transport of seated passengers.
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport has established, with a specific decree (directive 97/27/EC
received with D.M. 14.11.1997 and directive 2001/85/EC), the correspondence between the classification
national and community, in order to reorganize the existing regulations.
In summary, until October 13, 2005, the approval of buses was allowed based on:
• to Directive 2001/85/EC (amending Directives 70/156/EC and 97/27/EC) transposed with
D.M. 20.6.2003;
• all national standards regulated by D.M. 18.4.1977 and subsequent amendments and
integrations.
After 13.10.2005, the issuance of approvals is permitted only in compliance with the directive.
2001/85/EC, while the approvals issued under previous national regulations may
to be updated until 13.2.2006.
The bus bodywork codes in force since 14.10.2005, established by directive 2001/85/EC
(Circular DTTSIS 15.10.2003 n. 3868/MOT2/C), are as follows:
• bus with more than 22+1 seats (driver):
class I:
single-decker bus
CB:double-decker bus;
CC: moved to a plan;
CD: double-decker bus;
CE: bus with a low-floor platform;
CF: double-decker bus with low floor;
CG: auto equipped with a low-floor platform;
CH: two-story car with a lowered platform;
class II:
CI: single-deck bus;
double-decker bus
CK: two-story unfurnished house;
two-story car dealership;
 CM: bus with a low floor;
double-decker bus with low floor;
CO: a car with a lowered platform;
CP: two-story auto transport truck with a lowered deck;
class III:
bus with one floor;
double-decker bus;
CS: auto was moved to a plan;
CT: two-story car body;
• bus with a number of seats less than or equal to 22+1 (driver):
class A:
single-decker bus
Bus with a low floor.
class B:
Bus with one floor.
Starting from 4.8.2001, as an alternative to national regulations, it can be applied at the request of the
manufacturer's house, the ECE regulation No. 52, regarding the approval of vehicles for transport
collective of people with a number of passengers not exceeding 22 excluding the driver
(Circular No. 570/MOT1.04/C of July 9, 2001).
In short, with the aforementioned regulation, it is possible to match the types of vehicles provided by the
national legislation (D.M. 18.4.1977), the related classes provided for by Community legislation (Reg.
ECE no. 52), as indicated in the following table:
ECE Regulation No. 52
National Regulation – Ministerial Decree 18.4.1977 by bus up to 22 seats
excluded driver
Urban Class A
Suburban Class A
Regional concession intercity with standing places Class A
Regional concession intercity with no standing places Class B
Interurban under state concession Class B
Gran Turismo Class B
Rental with Driver Class B
The table is only valid for the transition from the first column to the second and not vice versa.
national legislation to Community legislation.
The construction features and internal fittings of buses differ based on the type of
transport to be carried out and based on the type of line vehicle (urban, suburban, intercity and
granturismo). With the D.M. 18.4.1977 and subsequent amendments and additions, the regulations are established
main technical features in relation to the intended use of the bus.
Based on their construction characteristics, buses are divided into:
• bus: vehicles used for the transport of people, with more than 16 seats excluding the driver;
• minibus: vehicles designated for the transport of people, with more than 8 seats, but less than 16 excluding the driver.
leading;
• school bus: vehicle derived from a bus intended for the transportation of students;
• minibus: vehicle derived from the minibus intended for the transport of students.
The D.M. 18.4.1977 (national regulations) also identifies the construction requirements relating to:
• service doors, doors, windows and emergency bulkheads;
• floor and corridor;
• driver's compartment;
• mass and dimensions;
• structural resistance;
• fire protection;
• internal arrangements;
 • indoor lighting;
• rear and front bounce;
• handrails and internal grips, as well as luggage racks;
• heating and ventilation system in the passenger compartment;
• restrooms;
• external coloring (*)
• etc...
(*) N.B. Regarding the external coloring, it should be noted that the D.M. 1.6.2001 has eliminated the
foreseen external colorations of the buses; before the aforementioned decree, the colorations were
following:
• urban and suburban buses: yellow-orange (unless specific exceptions apply);
• regional concession intercity bus: blue;
• intercity bus with state concession: red and blue;
• touring bus: light blue and light gray;
• school bus and minibus: lemon yellow;
• bus for hire with driver and private: different colors from the previous ones.
Regarding the community legislation, Directive 2001/85/EC defines a series of regulations.
techniques in the field of:
• available surface for passengers;
• inscriptions on vehicles;
• stability proof;
• protection against fire hazards;
• service and security exits;
• internal finishes
• artificial lighting
• articulated section of articulated vehicles;
• maintenance of the direction of articulated vehicles;
• handrails and handles;
• protection of the occupants' pit;
• possible hatches;
• audiovisual material
• calculation of the tipping limit;
• resistance of the superstructure;
• proof of overturning and of the pendulum on a section of the bodywork;
• technical devices for disabled passengers;
• characteristics of double-decker vehicles (*)
(*) N.B. For buses with one or two floors without a roof, the reference regulation is always the
2001/85/EC and any usage prescriptions are the responsibility of the member states. For Italy, the DTT has
established that they can be used in line services subject to the authorization of the competent authority,
but under the following conditions (Circular DTTSIS no. 1377/M360 of 5.4.2004):
• maximum operating speed 50 km/h;
• requirement for the presence of an escort, with reserved seating;
• Passengers standing are not allowed on single-decker buses and on the lower deck.
upper in the case of double-decker buses;
• It is not possible to stand up during the march (appropriate signs must be posted)
monitors that alert the occupants;
• monitoring with television system of the upper floor;
• obligation of the attendant on the upper deck, in case of double-decker buses;
• authorization for operation on a route compatible with technical characteristics
of the bus.
Mandatory safety equipment devices for circulation and in
bus service (the regulations also apply to profile vehicles and articulated buses) are:
• fire extinguishers: they are provided based on the number of seats:
 5 kg powder extinguisher or a 2 kg CO2 extinguisher: up to 30 places;
One 5 kg powder fire extinguisher or two 2 kg carbon dioxide extinguishers: for over 30 people.
Fire extinguishers should be housed in appropriate niches or suitable locations so that they do not
they move during the march; in the case of two extinguishers, they should be placed opposite each other,
that is one near the driver and one in the rear of the vehicle.
They must be periodically reviewed (every 6 months) by specialized companies that
they affix a plate with the proper stamping of the last revision carried out;
the fire extinguisher must be checked periodically using the appropriate pressure gauge for
check the actual charge (the pressure gauge must be positioned on the green coloring);
• emergency exits: vary according to the number of passengers, namely:
up to 22 passengers: 3 exits;
from 23 to 35 passengers: 4 exits;
more than 35 passengers: 5 exits.
Emergency exits can be considered as:
support: open with a special red handle to rotate upwards;
windows: at least 50 x 70 cm, are specifically identifiable by a special
red inscription both internally and externally on the glass 'exit'
in case of emergency - break if necessary. In the immediate vicinity of
A suitable hammer, always red in color, must be positioned on the window.
for the possible destruction, therefore opening, of the exit;
operation: at least 50 x 70 cm, they are placed on the roof of the vehicle and are
recognizable by a specific red label reading "emergency exit –
turn the handle in case of need.
• types of glass: the glass must have the following characteristics:
windshield oil: it is a laminated glass. It does not shatter even if hit.
with violence and even if broken it never completely removes visibility; it is made up of two
glass laminate with a thin but sturdy plastic film interposed;
Side and rear windows (emergency exits): they are tempered or shatterproof glass.
They are common glasses subjected to a heat treatment in order to obtain a
visible reticular internal structure even to the naked eye. In case of impact against a
sharp bodies explode and reduce into many tiny fragments;
• wheel chocks: 2 chocks (4 for vehicle combinations) are mandatory on all vehicles
of a total mass at full load exceeding 3.5 Tons;
• service doors: they refer to the doors for passenger boarding and alighting and vary in
based on the type of bus and the number of passengers transported, namely:
ofor the minibus: 1 door (on the right side positioned at the front);
o for urban and suburban buses:
from 17 to 60 passengers: 2 doors;
from 61 to 95 passengers: 3 doors
over 95 passengers: 4 doors;
operating intercity and grand tourism buses:
up to 22 seats: 1 door;
over 22 seats: 2 doors;
The double service doors are counted as two doors. All doors, whether they are
electric, hydraulic or pneumatic, are opened exclusively by the driver and the
their closure must be indicated on the dashboard by warning lights;

FILOVEHICLES
If Ilovei colisono vehicles:
• electric motor, connected to an overhead contact line for power supply;
• not bound by rails;
• marcianti are settled in their own seat;
• equipped with auxiliary engine, either gasoline or diesel (not mandatory).
They are further divided, as for motor vehicles, into trolleybuses, articulated trolleys, tram buses, etc…
They mainly circulate in urban or suburban areas and on predetermined routes.
According to Article 55 of the Highway Code, the definition of trolleybus does not deviate from that of the old one.
Code if not for the introduction of the possibility of powering the engines with an auxiliary source
of electrical energy or for the installation on board of an auxiliary engine not necessarily
electric. Furthermore, the new Highway Code has abolished the exhaustive list of types of
trolleybuses in relation to their intended use: currently trolleybuses can be
destined, in accordance with their characteristics, to any of the categories provided
from art. 54 of the Highway Code for automobiles (trolleybuses, articulated trolleybuses, and trolley trains, which correspond
respectively to buses, articulated buses, and truck trailers.
According to the D.T.T., which has issued specific regulations, trolleybuses have a proper booklet.
own even if they are not subject to a real registration and are subject to
annual review.
Trolleybuses are equipped with the same mandatory devices required for motor vehicles and all the
other specific safety devices present on the buses, while they are not equipped with
silencing and exhaust devices (if lacking a thermal engine).
The dimensional characteristics and mass of the trolleybuses, as well as the maximum speed limits for
the road circulation is the same as that of the buses (refer to the chapter related to the
bus), with the following changes:
• 18.00 meters
• maximum length of the filotreni: 18.75 meters only under the following technical conditions (DM
31.10.1996
hello distance measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the combined vehicle, between
the front end of the loading area behind the cabin and the rear end of the
trailer, must not exceed 16.40 meters;
hello distance always measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle
combined, between the front end of the loading area behind the cockpit and
the rear end of the trailer, minus the distance between the back of the
motor vehicle and the front part of the trailer itself (interspace), must not
surpass 15.65 meters;
• maximum height of articulated and trailer vehicles: 4.00 meters;
• maximum speed limits: for vehicle combinations (train of trailers), as well as for articulated vehicles
Speed limits are as follows:
70 km/h: on secondary and main extra-urban roads;
80 km/h: on the highways.
On the rear of the vehicles registered in Italy, must be indicated the
maximum allowed speeds using the appropriate self-adhesive discs (Art. 142, c. 4 CdS).
For the bodywork codes, as well as the classifications for the class of devices
Safety equipment refers to the chapter related to buses.
The introduction of vehicles into circulation is completely different from that of cars.
and is subject to administrative procedures, specific technical-functional checks and verifications and
proves on the safety and regularity provided by DPR no. 753/1980. The results of these checks
they are recorded in a specific booklet provided by DM 8.5.1950 n. 3675.
The entry into service is regulated by the D.T.T. and provides:
• presentation at the USTIF of the SIIT-Transport at the request of the transport company
that manages the trolleybus service along with the documentation required by the circular
DTTSIS 21.11.2003, no. 19/2003, or:
planimetry of the trolleybus lines and stops;
report of the operations manager of the trolleybus line with relative compatibility of
stops with the demolition of architectural barriers;
technical report by an engineer and signed by the operations manager on the plant
of power supply for the line and the fixed systems of the trolleybus;
declaration, signed by the operations manager, of the geometric compatibility of
proposed vehicle with the fixed systems of the trolleybus and the road infrastructures and
existing urban planning;
 indication of the company routes where the autonomous operation of the trolleybus is allowed;
certification of compliance with DM 10.7.2003, no. 238;
user manual and maintenance of the wire vehicle.
• appointment of a special commission made up of an engineer from the head office of
Ministry, the director of USTIF (or delegated engineer), director of the operating company
filoviario and a representative of the region or the local authority delegated (for carrying out
of verifications and functional tests pursuant to DPR n. 753/1980);
• carrying out specific checks and tests (DTTSIS 21.11.2003, no. 19/2003), or for
Each file vehicle is provided for:
Identification of the vehicle (chassis number and compliance verification with the prototype)
certified);
identification of traction equipment;
verification of the placement of the electric vehicle license plate and the indication sign
"overhanging load"
brake test;
verification of the efficiency of automatic devices for detection and extinguishing
fire;
check of performance in autonomous driving if provided: braking efficiency
maximum speed, starting on a slope with maximum payload;
check of electrical continuity between the vehicle structure and internal metal parts;
verification of the efficiency of the current collection system from the contact line
and of the device to limit the stroke of the pick-up rods;
isolation verification according to CEI 9-4 chapter 3;
check of isolation of platforms, ramps, handrails, steps and doors according to the
CEI standard 9-4;
efficiency check of the dispersion detection device and that of the verification device
of intermediate masses, according to the CEI 9-4 standard;
In the event of the entry into service of a non-homologated trolley vehicle as per DM 10.7.2003,
n. 238, the above checks and tests must be supplemented by the following:
verification of the number of seats;
verification of the efficiency of the 'door lock' device and any doors
emergency
verification of the efficiency of the installed system, to allow the accessibility test
to the vehicle also for users with reduced motor skills;
• drafting of a report on checks and tests (in duplicate: one for the operating company
file and the other at the central office of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport;
• release of a technical clearance for safety purposes by the USTIF;
• release of the authorization pursuant to Presidential Decree no. 753/1980 by the region or the entity
from the same delegate.

AUTO SPECTACLED
Perautosnodatisi refers to vehicles made up of two communicating and connected rigid sections.
they are permanently separated by a hinged section; their disjunction is allowed only in the workshop
authorized.
For the international classification of safety equipment devices
autosnodati refers to that of the articulated buses, while the dimensional and mass characteristics
they are the following (according to what is prescribed by art. 61 of the CdS, by art. 216 of the regulation and
from art. 62 of the Highway Code):

• maximum length:
18 meters (including the flexible joints);
the length can reach 18.75 meters, except for articulated vehicles, if:
a stationary vehicle is marked with a line on the ground a vertical plane
tangent to the side of the vehicle and oriented outward from the circumference;
the two rigid units must be aligned to the plane;
 when the vehicle enters with a straight movement into the surface
circular (sweep area) with an external radius of 12.50 meters and an internal radius
at 5.30 meters, no part of it should deviate from that vertical plane of
more than 0.60 meters;
• maximum width:
2.55 meters. This measurement excludes the protrusions due to the movable mirrors.
or other devices for indirect vision, lighting devices, footboards
retractable, the convex part of the tire located immediately above the point of
contact with the ground, removable side guidance devices mounted on buses
intended for use in guided vehicle systems, if not retracted. For exclusive
vehicles of the international category M2 and M3, ramps are not considered either
access points in marching order, lifting platforms and similar equipment
in order of march, provided they do not protrude more than 10 cm from the sides of the vehicle and the
the corners of the front or rear ramps should be rounded with a curvature not
less than 5 mm, while the edges must be rounded and have a curvature
of at least 2.5 mm (Directive 2003/19/EC implemented by Ministerial Decree 12.9.2003 which amends the
Directive 97/27/EC adopted by Decree of November 14, 1997)
• maximum height:
4.00 meters;
• maximum masses:
three-axle truck: 30 tons;
four-axle truck: 40 tons;
5 or more axles: 44 tons.
The maximum speed limits for cars, according to Article 142 of the Highway Code, are the following:
70 km/h: on secondary and main extra-urban roads;
80 km/h: on the highways.
On the rear of articulated buses registered in Italy, the speeds must be indicated.
maximum allowed using the appropriate adhesive disks (Art. 142, par. 4 CdS).

Vehicles used for public line service

Premise: this section does not yet take into account the changes that are about to
to be enacted with specific legislation by the Bersani-Lanzillotta decree regarding liberalization
of public transport services. Once all the news related to the sector are approved, then
definitive, they will be immediately reported.
The public line service, to be defined as such, must have the following characteristics:
• it must be continuous (all day, all year) or periodic (only at certain times);
• It must have predetermined routes (established paths and stops);
• there are predetermined hours or frequencies;
• it is open to all (indiscriminate offer); you need to wait for the bus at the designated stops and
be in possession of a travel document to be validated at the first stop.
It can be carried out with any vehicle, such as buses, trolleybuses, articulated buses, etc... as long as
approved for the transportation of people and recognized as suitable by the Department of Land Transport,
with relative annotation on the registration document.
The public line service is distinguished by:
- urban: the service is carried out within the municipal area;
- suburban: the service is provided within the municipal area with bus lines that cross borders
in the hinterland of the reference municipality;
- regional intercity: the service is carried out within the regional area
- state intercity: the service is provided at the national level, therefore involving
more regions;
- Gran Turismo: the service has no territorial limits and can be carried out throughout the territory.
national, as well as encroaching into foreign countries.
The line service can only be carried out if a service contract is signed.
replaced the government concession) between the entity requesting the service and the operating company. The
the service contract has a maximum duration of 9 years and is renewable as well as revocable in
case in which the requirements established between the parties are no longer met.
The service contract must include all the methods of operation and management of the
service, such as time slots, routes and stops, the number of vehicles and
drivers to be employed, operating costs, etc...
The service contract is issued by the following Entities:
• Municipal: if the service is of urban type;
• Province: if the service is suburban;
• Region: if the service is of regional intercity type;
• Region (where the line covers the most kilometers): if the service is of a state intercity type
the route only involves two regions;
• State: if the service is of the intercity state type, the route involves multiple regions;
• State: if the service is of the granturismo type.
The oversight on the regularity of the line service is the responsibility of the entity that issues the contract.
service, while monitoring the efficiency of the vehicle fleet is the responsibility of the Department of
Land Transport, through the required annual review.
Buses used as NCC can be used in line services and vice versa in cases.
details, upon authorization from the Department of Land Transport and provided that it is not
compromised the service from which the vehicle is taken.

NCC VEHICLES (RENTAL WITH DRIVER) FOR TRANSPORTING PEOPLE

The NCC service for the transportation of people is a non-scheduled public service, that is, among those
services aimed at, upon request, the collective or individual transportation of people, with function
complementary and supplementary to public services of railway, bus, and maritime lines,
local and aerial, carried out at the request of the transported in a non-continuous or periodic manner,
according to schedules and itineraries that are not fixed but established by chance.

The Rental With Driver was characterized by rental without a driver, by the service of
line, from the location without a driver and from the taxi service. Brief distinctions:
• Rental with Driver and rental without driver: the latter regulated
from Article 1571 of the Civil Code, is based on the landlord's obligation to allow the other party to enjoy
(tenant) a property for a fixed term and in exchange for a fixed compensation. The
Car Rental with Driver has, on the other hand, a completely different legal nature, where it assumes
a prevailing nature not the good provided, but human work and the guarantee
of the result. In the rental contract, human performance prevails, as
In addition to the result, namely the conduct to the requested destination, the renter must also guarantee
the safety of passengers and the integrity of luggage.
• Rental with Driver and line service: the distinction between the two is based on the fact that
The line service operates on predetermined routes and is aimed at an undifferentiated user base in
respect for established schedules; characteristics that do not reflect in the Rental With
Driver, whose service is not mandatory, has no territorial limits, has no hours.
predetermined and is not subject to established rates that are instead agreed upon between the user and
vector.
• Rental with Driver and rental without driver: NCC differs from
rental without driver because it does not involve the delivery of the vehicle to the customer, which
therefore it does not respond in case of damage or theft.
• Rental with Driver and street service (taxi): the NCC is distinguished from the taxi by:
vehicle parking in the garage, instead of on public land;
receipt of performance requests at the carrier's location instead of at the parking lots
public
non-mandatory service provision;
caution left to the free negotiation of the parties.
The Rental with Driver is governed by Article 85 of the Highway Code and by Law No. 21 of
15.1.1992 grants him authorization with the following vehicles (reference art. 85 DLG 30.4.1992 – art. n. 285
C.d.S. – regional laws – municipal regulations:
• motor tricycles (motorcycles with sidecar);
• automobiles
• motor vehicles or vehicles for mixed transport or for specific transportation of people
(Article 244 of the C.d.S. regulation also includes ambulances);
• animal-drawn vehicles.
Law No. 218 of August 11, 2003, on the other hand, regulates the activity of NCC with buses (discussed later).
The driving license for such vehicles (except for those powered by animals) is issued based on
of the municipal operating authorization and expressly indicates the use for which it is intended
the vehicle is intended.
The characteristics of the NCC service are:
• is performed with a car, motorcycle, boat, and animal-drawn vehicle (art.
1 c. 2 Law No. 21 of January 15, 1992) and buses (Law No. 218 of August 11, 2003);
• addresses a specific audience that requests, at the carrier's location, a
transport performance that can be time-based and/or per trip (art. 3 Law 15.1.1992 n.
21);
• transport reservations are made at the depots (art. 11 c. 4 Law 15.1.1992
n. 21);
• the provision of the service is not mandatory (art. 13 c. 3 Law 15.1.1992 n. 21);
• the service can be carried out without territorial limits but must have a start (or must be
taken the user) from the territory of the municipality that issued the authorization (art. 13 c. 3
Law 15.1.1992 n. 21;
• the consideration for transportation is directly agreed upon between the carrier and the user who to
it refers to (art. 13 par. 3 Law 15.1.1992 n. 21): the Law has entrusted the Ministry of
The Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport has the task of issuing, within a year from the entry into force
of the Law itself, of the minimum and maximum per kilometer rates (the Ministry with DM
April 20, 1993 identifies the criteria for determining the minimum and maximum rates for the
car rental service;
• The parking of the vehicle takes place in designated garages or at the docking piers.
13 c. 3 Law 15.1.1992 no. 21). In municipalities where the street service is also provided
(taxi), when the rental service is provided with a car, parking is prohibited
on public land, while the use of preferential lanes and other is allowed.
facilitations for circulation provided for taxis and other public services (art. 11 c. 3
Law 15.1.1992 n. 21); in municipalities where a taxi service is not provided, it is possible
authorize the vehicles registered for the chauffeured rental service to
parking in public areas designated for taxi service (art. 11 par. 5 Law 15.1.1992 no.
21);
• The vehicles registered for the operation of NCC are also used for taxi service.
in smaller municipalities, identified for each province by the Chamber of Commerce,
industry, craftsmanship, and agriculture in conjunction with the competent DTT (art. 14 par. 3 Law
January 15, 1992, n. 21
• The vehicles used for NCC carry:
inside the front windshield and on the rear window a mark with the
RENTAL
on the back a fixed plate with the writing 'NCC', the emblem
municipal and the progressive authorization number.
The competencies in the regulation of the service are the municipalities (art. 4 c. 3 Law 15.1.1992
n. 21) in concert with the regions (DPR 24.7.1977 n. 616).
All regions have various competencies and can issue special regulations for areas with intense.
conurbation; they also establish the 'Role of drivers of vehicles or boats used for public transport
"non-linear public" and the Commission for verification, following examination, of the suitability requirements
the exercise of the service towards those who request to be registered in the role (art. 6 c. 4 Law 15.1.1992
n. 21).
To the municipalities, in compliance with regional regulations, the following competencies are assigned:
to edit the municipal regulations on the exercise of the service (art. 4 c. 3 Law 15.1.1992 no. 21);
determine the number and type of vehicles or vessels to be assigned to the service, the management methods
of the service and the requirements and conditions for the issuance of permits (art. 5 Law
January 15, 1992, no. 21;
they issue the authorizations through a public competition announcement.
Role of drivers: the main requirement for obtaining authorization for the service
NCC is the registration in the "Register of drivers of vehicles or boats used for non-public transport services".
line”. The Role is established at the Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Handicrafts and Agriculture
competent (art. 6 c. 1 and c. 5 Law 15.1.1992 n. 21).
Registration to the Role occurs if the interested party proves to possess the certificate of
professional qualification (CAP) and after passing a regional exam that verifies the requirements
in the exercise of the service with particular reference to geographical knowledge and toponymy.
Registration in the Register should be considered an essential requirement for:
• acquire the ownership of the authorization;
• performing driver activities as an employee of the company;
• perform the duties of a temporary substitute for the employee of the company.

SCHOOL BUS
The school bus is a vehicle used for the transportation of students. It has special configurations.
specifically designed for the transportation of students, for which seats can be provided and
spaces with reduced dimensional characteristics, established by the CUNA NC 581-20 tables.
Gliscuolabus should be considered as buses in every respect. They can be equipped, in
relation to their use, of seat for the companion specifically designed for people
adults monitoring during the transportation of students.
These particular types of vehicles must be equipped with the distinctive signal "SCHOOL BUS" indicated
from art. 135 para. 4 of the C.d.S. regulation.
The lemon yellow color expected for the school buses has been definitively canceled with the
D.M. January 13, 2004.

Decree No. 31.1.1977 identifies the vehicles that can be used for school transportation:
• bus, minibus, school bus and minischool bus registered for own use;
• buses, minibuses, school buses, and mini school buses registered for the service of
line for the Chauffeur Rental service;
• vehicles registered for third-party use for the Chauffeur Service are not
exclusively dedicated to school transport.
The aforementioned vehicles, in compliance with CUNA NC 581-20 and Circular no. 23/97 of
11.3.1997, they can be used for the transport of:
• middle school students
• elementary school students
• children of the kindergarten.
For kindergarten children, the presence of at least one escort is required.
that is, an adult person; the designated place for the companion must comply with
CUNA Table NC 581-20.
The circulating or to be registered buses can only be used for the transport of:
• students of compulsory school;
• students of elementary and nursery school;
• students of compulsory schooling and children of kindergarten.
The different types must appear on the registration document of the school buses or mini school buses.
transport. The transport of elementary school students and kindergarten children on
buses already authorized for the transportation of middle school students are allowed as long as the documents
for the transportation of school students
of the obligation", "used for the transport of middle school students" or "used for the transport of
"students aged no more than 14 years." The transport of middle school students, or children
of the kindergarten on authorized buses for the transport of elementary school students is
allowed as long as the vehicles are equipped with seats and internal spaces in accordance with what
provided for by table CUNA NC 581-20.
In summary, the following combinations are possible: on the school buses of middle school students.
Elementary school students and kindergarten children can board them; on the buses of
Elementary school students can go up there, middle school students and the children of
preschool.
The regulations regarding school buses are municipal, while the national regulations to which it refers
the references for this type of transport are:
• D.M. 20.12.1991 no. 448;
• T.U. 18.06.1931 no. 773 (art. 86 and 121);
• Reg. Esec. T.U. 06.05.1940 no. 635 (art. 158);
• D.P.R. 24.07.1977 no. 616 (art. 85);
• Law 15.01.1992 No. 21;
• Legislative Decree 30.04.1992 no. 285 (Highway Code - articles 75; 82; 83, 84, 85, 86 and 88);
• Any regional laws.

Creation by Christian Bizzi

This brochure contains only the key information to distinguish between the various types of vehicles and services.
to which they can be assigned; for requests for further information or clarifications regarding this, it is possible
contact Christian Bizzi at the email address:[Link]@[Link]

Data source: EGAF EDIZIONI – ESSEBI ITALIA – EDITRICE LA STRADA

December 2006