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Microprogrammed Control Unit Overview

The microprogrammed control unit stores microinstructions in the control memory and executes them sequentially to generate the necessary control signals. It reads microinstructions from the control memory and transfers them to the intermediate control register for execution. It uses horizontal microinstructions where each bit controls a control line, or vertical microinstructions with codes that a decoder translates into individual control signals. Its advantage is simplifying the design of the control unit, making it cheaper and more reliable.

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15 views1 page

Microprogrammed Control Unit Overview

The microprogrammed control unit stores microinstructions in the control memory and executes them sequentially to generate the necessary control signals. It reads microinstructions from the control memory and transfers them to the intermediate control register for execution. It uses horizontal microinstructions where each bit controls a control line, or vertical microinstructions with codes that a decoder translates into individual control signals. Its advantage is simplifying the design of the control unit, making it cheaper and more reliable.

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© All Rights Reserved
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Microprogrammed Control

A microprogrammed control unit is a relatively simple logical circuit that is


capable of performing the sequencing of microinstructions and generating the signals of
control to execute each microinstruction. The set of microinstructions is
they are stored in the control memory. The control address register contains the
address of the following microinstruction to read. When a microinstruction is read from
the control memory is transferred to the intermediate control register. A part of this
The register connects to the control lines that come out of the control unit.
In mode, reading a microinstruction from the control memory is the same as executing the
microinstruction. The sequencing unit loads the control address register and
issue a read command. In a horizontal microinstruction, each bit of the field
control corresponds to a control line, in a vertical microinstruction a
code for each action to be performed, and the decoder translates this code into signals of
Individual controls. The advantage of vertical microinstructions is that they are more
more compact (occupy fewer bits) than horizontal microinstructions, at the cost of adding
a little logic and a certain time delay. The main advantage provided by the use of the
microprogramming to implement a control unit simplifies its design,
therefore its implementation is cheaper and less prone to errors. The main
the disadvantage of a microprogrammed unit is that it will be somewhat slower than a
wired technology unit. The two basic tasks performed by the
microprogrammed control unit it is the sequencing of microinstructions
(obtain the following microinstruction from the control memory) and the execution of
microinstructions (generate the necessary control signals to execute the
microinstruction.

COMMENT

A wired control unit will contain complex logic to handle sequencing.


through the many microoperations of the instruction cycle. On the other hand, the
decoders and the logical sequencing unit of a control unit
microprogrammed are very simple logical elements.

CONCLUSION

The microprogrammed control unit is a second alternative for designing the unit.
of controlling a digital computer. The principle of microprogramming is a method
elegant and systematic to control the sequences of microoperations in a
digital computer.

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