Introduction to Materialism Methods
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsIntroduction to Materialism Methods
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsBOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA
MINISTRY OF POPULAR POWER FOR UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
TERRITORIAL POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
JOSE ANTONIO ANZOATEGUI
U.P.T.J.A.A. - ANACO EXTENSION
ANACO, ANZOÁTEGUI STATE
INTRODUCTION TO ANALYSIS METHODS
Professor: Members:
Tibisay Rodríguez Alvarez, Yoselin C.I.
Emily Gomez C.I. V-19.490.956
Marbelis Gomez
Mongua, Marian C.I. V-19.983.695
Lady Villazana C.I. V-17.787.868
Anaco, January 2016
INTRODUCTION
Materialism is a family of philosophical currents that, in the relationship
between thinking, spirit, and nature, it postulates that matter is what
primary and consciousness and thought are a consequence of this, from
of a highly organized state. Likewise, regarding the relationship of
human thought and the world that surrounds it and the cognoscibility of that
world, claims that the world is material and exists objectively,
regardless of consciousness. In history, we will see that it is examined
the theory and its behavior in theory, in its different stages and
contexts. In this way we have what is the method of materialism
dialectical method and quantitative method.
MATERIALISM METHOD
What Engels already called the 'materialist conception of history', what
Plejanov referred to it as 'historical materialism' (sometimes abbreviated as Hismaten)
the languages where, like Russian and German, the adjective precedes the noun;
unlike Diamat, an abbreviation of 'dialectical materialism') is
characteristic of Marx's thought (See) or, at least, of a
a very fundamental part of it. It can also be considered as a
basic characteristic of Marxism (See) in all its variants, except
those that, due to distancing themselves so much from Marx's thinking, can barely
to be qualified as 'Marxists'.
It is possible –and, according to a certain number of authors, plausible– to maintain the
historical materialism without supporting dialectical materialism. Instead,
it seems difficult, in case it is possible, to adopt the last without embracing the
first. For some, moreover, historical materialism is included in the
dialectical.
We will consider historical materialism here as the method, or the
doctrine, or both things at the same time, of Marxism, specifically in the
form that corresponds to Marx's thought. There has been much discussion about whether the
historical materialism was already developed, or developed with sufficient fullness,
by the young Marx, that is, the Marx of the Economic Manuscripts and
philosophical, from 1844. The authors who deny it correspond the
historical materialism with the "mature" Marx, specifically that of the Critique
of political economy, from 1859, and that of Capital, whose first volume is
published in 1867. Those who claim this find traces of the young Marx
historical materialism, even if it is often expressed in more
philosophical, ethical, and humanistic of what was current in later works
by Marx. Thus, a thorough exposition of historical materialism should address the
problem of continuity or discontinuity, or of the degrees of one or of
another, in Marx, as well as the question of the role that the Sketches of critique of
the political economy, written in 1857-1858, generally cited as
The Grundrisse play a role in the overall framework of Marx's thought.
Materialism considers the social being not only in the form of an object that is
it opposes man, but also subjectively, in the form of activity
historical-concrete practice of man. Such a conception of practice
provided a scientific basis for the theory of knowledge, to which the
Marxism came from the historical-social point of view instead of the approach.
abstract of contemplative materialism, which considered the links between
men as something purely natural.
History
It is a whole organized process based on the reality of what
studied, to develop results about historical facts. This method
must achieve that facts of the past are faithfully represented; it is to return
to bring the past but as a faithful copy of the original, in simple words.
In the historical method, observations are used to try
to test the claims made in previous research. Through
the historical method examines the theory and its behavior in theory,
in its various stages and contexts.
It is the same story, which by its very facts calls us to classify it.
in depth. The story sometimes seems to try to confuse us and not let us
gives the option to understand it and manage it, but this is due to the chaos that
is present in it.
DIALECTICAL METHOD
It has its origins in ancient Greece. It was revived until modern times.
with Hegel and Marx. Its essence is determined by the theoretical sources and
scientific and by the fundamental categories of movement, of space and
of time.
It has had different meanings throughout history: it has been understood
like the art of dialogue and discussion; like the struggle of opposites for the
which arises from the progress of history; as a reasoning technique that
proceed through the deployment of a thesis and its antithesis, resolving the
contradiction through the formulation of a final synthesis; like the art of
organize the concepts into genres and species; as a way to elevate oneself
from the sensible to the intelligible, that is, starting from the certainty of the
senses towards the development of concepts of a higher degree of
universality and rationality; theory and method of knowledge of the
phenomena of reality in their development and self-motion, science that
deals with the most general laws of the development of nature, of the
society and human thought that arises in opposition to metaphysics.
The dialectical method constitutes the scientific method of knowledge of
world. It provides man the possibility to understand the most
various phenomena of reality. The dialectical method when analyzing the
phenomena of nature, society, and thought allows
discover its true laws and the driving forces of development of the
reality.
Dialectics has the following characteristics:
a) Everything is connected, nothing is isolated, there is a universal connection.
reciprocal action between two things and their complex relationships. The worker
it adapts to the conditions it finds in nature and organizes its
movements; but it transforms it through work. Even more: through work, the
man has been gradually transforming.
b) Everything changes. Reality is in constant transformation. Change
it is due to the struggle of opposing forces in the essence of things.
Thus, the dialectic consists of working on a topic visualizing its evolution in
three successive moments: Thesis (proposal, first idea) Antithesis
(opposition, second idea) Synthesis (result or combination of the thesis and the
Antithesis, third idea.
QUALITATIVE METHOD
The qualitative method or qualitative research, as it is also called
It is a technique or method of investigation that refers to the qualities
it is used particularly in the social sciences; but according to
certain sources are also used in political research and
market, this method relies on describing events in detail,
facts, people, situations, behaviors, interactions that are
they observe through a study; and additionally attach such experiences,
thoughts, attitudes, beliefs, etc. that participants experience or
they manifest; therefore it is said that qualitative research makes
reference to qualities.
CONCLUSION
Historical materialism is a term coined by the Russian Marxist Georgi
Plekhanov, which refers to the conceptual framework identified by Karl Marx and used
originally by him and Friedrich Engels to understand human history.
Although historical materialism is closely linked to
Marxist communism, historians, sociologists, and intellectuals not connected to
Marxist communism has taken elements from it to develop systems
and materialist approaches to the study of history.
In the social production of their lives, men establish certain
necessary and independent relationships of their will, relationships of
production corresponding to a specific phase of development
its material productive forces. In the different types of methods
we were able to see or observe that they are research methods to understand
even better the qualities of people, that is to know, to investigate the
which refers to each method.
It is important to know each of these methods to learn to
to work and learn about each of these.