CIVN 4010: Hydraulic Engineering

Solutions to Loop-Pump systems Exercises

1. The objective is to evaluate the incremental flow in each loop given by: QL( k 1) 
  h i
(k )
 H p (Qi( k ) ;
2 hi( k ) / Qi( k )
2

hL  f
L V2
 KQ 2 , where K 
8 fL ;
Re 
VD

4Q
; Barr equation: f  0.25  log   5.013  . The

.89  
D 2g g D
2 5
 D  
  3.7 D Re 
solution is obtained using a spreadsheet.

No Pump
LOOP I, ITERATION 1
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 200.0 0.013 646.2 25.8 129.2 -0.8 -0.8
BE 1200 200 0.01 -50.0 0.015 4596.2 -11.5 229.8 -0.8 -1.0
AE 1600 450 0.01 -400.0 0.012 85.8 -13.7 34.3 -0.8 -0.8
0.6 393.4
LOOP II, ITERATION 1
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 70.0 0.014 5827.2 28.6 407.9 0.2 0.2
CD 1200 200 0.01 -80.0 0.014 4289.0 -27.4 343.1 0.2 0.2
DE 1600 350 0.01 -200.0 0.013 323.5 -12.9 64.7 0.2 0.2
BE 1200 200 0.01 50.0 0.015 4596.2 11.5 229.8 0.2 1.0
-0.3 1045.5
LOOP I, ITERATION 2
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 199.2 0.013 646.6 25.7 128.8 0.0 0.0
BE 1200 200 0.01 -51.0 0.015 4582.6 -11.9 233.5 0.0 0.2
AE 1600 450 0.01 -400.8 0.012 85.8 -13.8 34.4 0.0 0.0
0.0 396.7
LOOP II, ITERATION 2
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 70.2 0.014 5825.3 28.7 408.7 -0.2 -0.2
CD 1200 200 0.01 -79.8 0.014 4290.2 -27.3 342.5 -0.2 -0.2
DE 1600 350 0.01 -199.8 0.013 323.5 -12.9 64.6 -0.2 -0.2
BE 1200 200 0.01 51.0 0.015 4582.6 11.9 233.5 -0.2 -0.2
0.3 1049.4
LOOP I, ITERATION 4
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 199.2 0.013 646.6 25.6 128.8 0.0 0.0
BE 1200 200 0.01 -50.9 0.015 4584.1 -11.9 233.1 0.0 0.0
AE 1600 450 0.01 -400.8 0.012 85.8 -13.8 34.4 0.0 0.0
0.0 396.3
LOOP II, ITERATION 4
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 70.0 0.014 5827.1 28.6 408.0 0.0 0.0
CD 1200 200 0.01 -80.0 0.014 4289.1 -27.4 343.1 0.0 0.0
DE 1600 350 0.01 -200.0 0.013 323.5 -12.9 64.7 0.0 0.0
BE 1200 200 0.01 50.9 0.015 4584.1 11.9 233.1 0.0 0.0
0.0 1048.8

HB=74.4m; HC=45.8m; HE=86.2m; HD=73.3m

1
 With Pump
LOOP I, ITERATION 1
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 200.0 0.013 646.2 25.8 129.2 -0.8 -0.8
BE 1200 200 0.01 -50.0 0.015 4596.1 -11.5 229.8 -0.8 -7.5
AE 1600 450 0.01 -400.0 0.012 85.8 -13.7 34.3 -0.8 -0.8
0.6 393.4
LOOP II, ITERATION 1
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 70.0 0.014 5827.2 -13.7 28.6 407.9 6.7 6.7
CD 1200 200 0.01 -80.0 0.014 4289.0 -27.4 343.1 6.7 6.7
DE 1600 350 0.01 -200.0 0.013 323.5 -12.9 64.7 6.7 6.7
BE 1200 200 0.01 50.0 0.015 4596.2 11.5 229.8 6.7 7.5
-14.0 1045.5
LOOP I, ITERATION 2
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 199.2 0.013 646.6 25.7 128.8 3.6 3.6
BE 1200 200 0.01 -57.5 0.015 4498.6 -14.9 258.7 3.6 3.6
AE 1600 450 0.01 -400.8 0.012 85.8 -13.8 34.4 3.6 3.6
-3.0 421.9
LOOP II, ITERATION 2
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 76.7 0.014 5752.1 -13.2 33.9 441.3 0.0 0.0
CD 1200 200 0.01 -73.3 0.014 4342.0 -23.3 318.2 0.0 0.0
DE 1600 350 0.01 -193.3 0.013 325.0 -12.1 62.8 0.0 0.0
BE 1200 200 0.01 57.5 0.015 4498.6 14.9 258.7 0.0 -3.6
0.1 1081.0
LOOP I, ITERATION 3
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 1500 300 0.01 202.8 0.013 645.1 26.5 130.8 0.3 0.3
BE 1200 200 0.01 -53.9 0.015 4542.9 -13.2 244.9 0.3 -0.5
AE 1600 450 0.01 -397.2 0.012 85.9 -13.6 34.1 0.3 0.3
-0.2 409.9
LOOP II, ITERATION 3
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 76.7 0.014 5752.5 -13.2 33.8 441.1 0.8 0.8
CD 1200 200 0.01 -73.3 0.014 4341.7 -23.3 318.3 0.8 0.8
DE 1600 350 0.01 -193.3 0.013 325.0 -12.1 62.8 0.8 0.8
BE 1200 200 0.01 53.9 0.015 4542.9 13.2 244.9 0.8 0.5
-1.7 1067.2
LOOP I, ITERATION 6
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
2
 AB 1500 300 0.01 203.6 0.013 644.7 26.7 131.3 0.1 0.1
BE 1200 200 0.01 -54.1 0.015 4540.9 -13.3 245.6 0.1 0.0
AE 1600 450 0.01 -396.4 0.012 85.9 -13.5 34.1 0.1 0.1
-0.1 410.9
LOOP II, ITERATION 6
Pipe L (m) D (mm) ε (mm) Q (l/s) f K Hp (m) hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
BC 1600 200 0.01 77.7 0.014 5742.1 -13.2 34.6 446.0 0.0 0.0
CD 1200 200 0.01 -72.3 0.014 4350.1 -22.8 314.6 0.0 0.0
DE 1600 350 0.01 -192.3 0.013 325.3 -12.0 62.6 0.0 0.0
BE 1200 200 0.01 54.1 0.015 4540.9 13.3 245.6 0.0 0.0
-0.1 1068.7

HA=100m; HB=73.3m; HC=51.8m; HE=86.5m; HD=74.5m. Efficiency, η = 70%, Hp=13.2m, Q= 77.7l/s, Power input,
QH
P  14.4 KW ; Pump is recommended; within operational range.


2. QL( k 1) 
  h i
(k )
 H p (Qi( k ) ; hL=KQ2
2 h i
(k )
/Q
i
(k )

No Pump
LOOP I, ITERATION 1
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450.0 -100.0 -4.5 45.0 -5.1 -5.1
BE 180.0 240.0 10.4 43.2 -5.1 -2.7
AE 450.0 -100.0 -4.5 45.0 -5.1 -5.1
1.4 133.2
LOOP II, ITERATION 1
BC 300.0 50.0 0.0 0.8 15.0 -2.5 -5.9
CD 600.0 150.0 13.5 90.0 -2.5 -2.5
DE 600.0 -70.0 -2.9 42.0 -2.5 -2.5
BE 180.0 -240.0 -10.4 43.2 -2.5 2.7
0.9 190.2
LOOP III, ITERATION 1
BF 60.0 -740.0 -32.9 44.4 3.4 3.4
BC 300.0 -50.0 0.0 -0.8 15.0 3.4 5.9
CG 300.0 100.0 3.0 30.0 3.4 3.4
FG 30.0
-0.6 89.4

LOOP I, ITERATION 2
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q)

3
AB 450.0 -105.1 -5.0 47.3 -0.7 -0.7
BE 180.0 237.3 10.1 42.7 -0.7 0.2
AE 450.0 -105.1 -5.0 47.3 -0.7 -0.7
0.2 137.3
LOOP II, ITERATION 2
BC 300.0 44.1 0.0 0.6 13.2 -0.9 -0.6
CD 600.0 147.5 13.1 88.5 -0.9 -0.9
DE 600.0 -72.5 -3.2 43.5 -0.9 -0.9
BE 180.0 -237.3 -10.1 42.7 -0.9 -0.2
0.4 188.0
LOOP III, ITERATION 2
BF 60.0 -736.6 -32.6 44.2 -0.4 -0.4
BC 300.0 -44.1 0.0 -0.6 13.2 -0.4 0.6
CG 300.0 103.4 3.2 31.0 -0.4 -0.4
FG 30.0
0.1 88.5
LOOP I, ITERATION 5
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450.0 -106.2 -5.1 47.8 0.0 0.0
BE 180.0 237.5 10.2 42.7 0.0 0.0
AE 450.0 -106.2 -5.1 47.8 0.0 0.0
0.0 138.3
LOOP II, ITERATION 5
BC 300.0 43.5 0.0 0.6 13.0 0.0 0.0
CD 600.0 146.3 12.8 87.8 0.0 0.0
DE 600.0 -73.7 -3.3 44.2 0.0 0.0
BE 180.0 -237.5 -10.2 42.7 0.0 0.0
0.0 187.8
LOOP III, ITERATION 5
BF 60.0 -737.2 -32.6 44.2 0.0 0.0
BC 300.0 -43.5 0.0 -0.6 13.0 0.0 0.0
CG 300.0 102.8 3.2 30.9 0.0 0.0
FG 30.0
0.0 88.1

H1=100m, HB=67.4m; HC=66.8m; HE=57.2m; HD=54.0m

With pump
LOOP I, ITERATION 1
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450 -100.0 -4.5 45.0 -5.1 -5.1
BE 180 240.0 10.4 43.2 -5.1 -64.4
AE 450 -100.0 -4.5 45.0 -5.1 -5.1
1.4 133.2
LOOP II, ITERATION 1

4
BC 300 50.0 -23.5 0.8 15.0 59.3 187.3
CD 600 150.0 13.5 90.0 59.3 59.3
DE 600 -70.0 -2.9 42.0 59.3 59.3
BE 180 -240.0 -10.4 43.2 59.3 64.4
-22.6 190.2
LOOP III, ITERATION 1
BF 60 -740.0 -32.9 44.4 -128.0 -128.0
BC 300 -50.0 23.5 -0.8 15.0 -128.0 -187.3
CG 300 100.0 3.0 30.0 -128.0 -128.0
FG 30.0
22.9 89.4

LOOP I, ITERATION 2
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450 -105.1 -5.0 47.3 17.4 17.4
BE 180 175.6 5.5 31.6 17.4 54.8
AE 450 -105.1 -5.0 47.3 17.4 17.4
-4.4 126.2
LOOP II, ITERATION 2
BC 300 237.3 -20 16.9 71.2 -37.4 -84.3
CD 600 209.3 26.3 125.6 -37.4 -37.4
DE 600 -10.7 -0.1 6.4 -37.4 -37.4
BE 180 -175.6 -5.5 31.6 -37.4 -54.8
17.6 234.8
LOOP III, ITERATION 2
BF 60 -868.0 -45.2 52.1 46.9 46.9
BC 300 -237.3 20 -16.9 71.2 46.9 84.3
CG 300 -28.0 -0.2 8.4 46.9 46.9
FG 30.0
-12.3 131.7

LOOP I, ITERATION 14
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450 -93.5 -3.9 42.1 -0.2 -0.2
BE 180 209.7 7.9 37.8 -0.2 -0.5
AE 450 -93.5 -3.9 42.1 -0.2 -0.2
0.0 121.9
LOOP II, ITERATION 14
BC 300 187.4 -23 10.5 56.2 0.3 0.6
CD 600 186.7 20.9 112.0 0.3 0.3
DE 600 -33.3 -0.7 20.0 0.3 0.3
BE 180 -209.7 -7.9 37.8 0.3 0.5
-0.1 226.0
LOOP III, ITERATION 14
BF 60 -840.6 -42.4 50.4 -0.3 -0.3
BC 300 -187.4 23 -10.5 56.2 -0.3 -0.6
CG 300 -0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.3
FG 0 0.0 30.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.1 106.8

LOOP I, ITERATION 15
Pipe K Q (l/s) Hp hl (m) hl/Q ∆Q(l/s) Net ∆Q
AB 450 -93.7 -4.0 42.2 0.1 0.1
BE 180 209.3 7.9 37.7 0.1 0.2
AE 450 -93.7 -4.0 42.2 0.1 0.1
0.0 122.0

5
 LOOP II, ITERATION 15
BC 300 188.0 -23 10.6 56.4 -0.1 -0.2
CD 600 187.0 21.0 112.2 -0.1 -0.1
DE 600 -33.0 -0.7 19.8 -0.1 -0.1
BE 180 -209.3 -7.9 37.7 -0.1 -0.2
0.0 226.1
LOOP III, ITERATION 15
BF 60 -840.9 -42.4 50.5 0.1 0.1
BC 300 -188.0 23 -10.6 56.4 0.1 0.2
CG 300 -0.9 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1
FG 30.0
0.0 107.1

H1=100m, HB=57.6m; HC=70.0m; HE=49.7m; HD=49.0m

Efficiency, η = 86%, Hp=23.0 m, Q= 188.0 l/s, Power input, P 

QH
 42.4 KW
