Backhoe-Loader Equipment Overview
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ScribdTranslationsBackhoe-Loader Equipment Overview
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsE.T. of V.N. No. 2 'Ing.
Juan Domingo Pio' - Equipment I
Backhoe-Loader
Under this name, a machine is generally referred to as medium power, gathering on
a tire tractor (on tracks): at the front, a front loader, and at the back
behind a backhoe. The use of one equipment or another does not offer any
specificity, regarding what was studied in each team separately.
This machinery can be mounted or not on a propulsion system similar to that of a crane or on the
The base of a tractor has several peculiar design characteristics. The equipment is supported on
a caterpillar track or on wheels, and has protruding members, like pontoons, to achieve
stability duringthe excavationand the load distribution. The excavation mechanism has a
shovel, a member or excavator with the scoop installed at one outer end, and cables or
hydraulic cylinders to control movements.
One end of the pen is attached to the support equipment, and it pivots both vertically and
horizontally. The horizontal turn is performed by rotating the turntable located in the equipment
self-propulsion and rotation. On the tractor equipment, the boom rotates on the support of a base.
Excavator element of a backhoe, it is held at the outer end of the boom, and
it pivots around that point in the vertical plane of it. In the same way, this is subject to the
scoop or excavator at the end of the excavating element, and also pivots to excavate. With this
mechanism, the backhoe has a great reach both horizontally and vertically, inside the
trench, with the pen, the digging arm, and the scoop extended to begin the excavation. For
empty the load of the bucket, lift the boom freeing the sides of the trench, and then it
rotate horizontally to empty the ladle away from the edge of the trench. This movement
described of the cycle, repeats from a single position of the equipment, until all the material is extracted
excavated of the trench.
Ing. Marcelo Ibáñez - August 2009. Page 1
E.T. of V.N. No. 2 'Ing. Juan Domingo Pio' – Equipment I
The selection between a regular backhoe with a hydraulic system or one with cables will depend on the
basic equipment that is planned to have with the trench cutting accessory. The equipment of the type of
self-propulsion, with a bucket of ½ to 3 cubic yards (0.38 to 2.3 m³) can have controllers
driven by cables or hydraulic controls. The telescopic backhoe, introduced by
first time by Gradal, it has an exclusive design and deserves special mention as a team for
the trench excavation. It is similar to a wheeled assembly machine, for greater
mobility and versatility. The pen is made up of several parts that fit together telescopically.
one into another. It closes like a telescope to its shortest length, to achieve compactness or to
working in confined spaces. It is not a crane in the strictest sense of the word, because
it is not designed to lift a lot of weight vertically. In a way, it works like the hand and
the human arm. Having such flexibility, it can be given to the sides of the trench or ditch any
angle, if the equipment is positioned correctly.
A combined and widely used version in small civil works is the loader equipment –
backhoe loader. In this sense, one of them can be seen in the following photo. They are available on the market,
units of type 4 x 2 and 4 x 4.
For reference or general information, the powers vary by brands and models.
existing in the market; 75 HP for CAT 416 E, 79 HP for J.D. 310 J, 84 HP for New Holland LB
90, 100 HP for Randon RK 406B, all usable for medium-scale work.