Acetone Condensation and Evaporation Analysis
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ScribdTranslationsAcetone Condensation and Evaporation Analysis
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A flow of dry, hot nitrogen flows through a process unit that
Contains liquid acetone. A substantial portion of the acetone evaporates and escapes.
with nitrogen. The combined gases exit the recovery unit at 220°
C and 1.1 bars, and they enter a cooler - compressor, where a portion of the acetone
It condenses. The remaining gases exit the condenser at 10° C and 40 bars.
the partial pressure of acetone in the feed of the condenser is 0.110 bar, and
The exhaust gas pressure is 0.133 bar. Consider that the gas behaves ideally.
(a)Calculate the mass of condensed acetone (kg) and the volume of the gas that comes out of
condenser (m)3) for a base of 1 m3of the gas that feeds the condenser.
(b)Consider that the flow velocity of the gas leaving the condenser is 20
m3Calculate the evaporation rate (kg/h) of acetone in the unit
solvent recovery.
SOLUTION
Tax base: 1 m3of the gas that feeds the condenser.
n1(1,1 bar*1000 l*mol*K) / (0.08314 L*bar * 493 K)
26.84 mol. yAC= 0.11 bar / 1.1 bar = 0.10 → nAC=
0.10 * 26.84 mol = 2.684 mol.
→ nN2= 0.90 * 26.84 mol = 24.156 mol.
For the output current of the capacitor, the following is done
following calculations: yAC= 0.133 bar / 40 bar = 0.003325 bar → yN2
0.996675.
As the number of moles of nitrogen is equal at the entrance and exit of the
condenser, setene: n224.156 mol / 0.996675 = 24.24 mol.
→ Mole balance of acetone:
2,684 mol = n324.24 mol * 0.003325 → n32.603 mol.
→ m30.151 kg.
V2(24,24 mol * 0.08314 L * bar * 283 K * 1 m3) / (mol * K * 40 bar * 1000 L) = 0.0143 m3.
(b)
Calculation base: 1 hour of operation.
n2(40 bar * 20000 L * mol * K) / (0.08314 l * bar * 283 K)
= 34001 mol. nN20.996675 * 34001 mol = 33887.95 mol.
For the entry to the condenser setene:
33887.95 mol = 0.90 * n1→ n137653.28 mol.
Mole balance for acetone:
37653.27 mol * (0.058 kg / 1 mol) = 211.83 kg.
Evaporation rate of acetone = 211.83 kg/h.
Resolve and present the following exercises
One of the steps in the processing of cocoa is drying. To dry the cocoa, it is used
air with a humidity of 0.0105 kg of water/kg of dry air and 25° C. This air passes to a
pre-heater where it exits with the same humidity, but at 60° C. Then the air enters.
to the dryer. The cocoa enters the dryer with 40% humidity. Indicate this process with
a flowchart.
2. Indicate what occurs in the processing of soy shown in the following diagram
flow:
3. Draw the flowchart for the following statement, labeling all the flows of
feeding and production: It is desired to produce 200 kg/day of acid for batteries, with
18.6% by mass of H2SO4in water. The available raw materials include a
aqueous solution of H2SO4at 77% by mass of acid, a diluted acidic solution that
contains 4.5% by mass of H2SO4and pure water.
4. Interpret the following flowchart:
100 kilograms per hour of a mixture that contains parts are distilled.
equal masses of benzene and toluene. The flow rate of the product in the
The head of the column is 48.8 kg/h, and the distillation residue contains
7.11% by weight of benzene. Draw and label a flow diagram of the
process. Then calculate the mass fractions and the molar fractions of the
benzene and the molar flow rates of benzene and toluene (mol/h) in
the flow of products in the head of the distillation.
0.95; 0.96; 26.5 moles toluene/h.
A mixture of paint that contains 25% of a pigment and the rest is water.
sells for $12.00/kg, and a mixture that contains 10% pigment sells for
$7.00/kg. If a paint manufacturer produces a mix that contains 15%
of pigment, how much should it be sold for (in $/kg) to make a profit of
10%?
Response: $9.53/kg.
7. The air (which is supposed to contain 79% molar of N221% molar of O2is separated
in two product streams. The separator operates in steady state. A
the product stream is 98% molar oxygen, and contains 80% of O2
present in the air that is fed to the column. The other stream of
The product is mainly nitrogen. Calculate the amount of air required.
(ton/day) to produce 1 ton/year of the product oxygen. Calculate the percentage.
in moles of N2in the second product stream.
0.0144 tons/day; 94.25%
8. A stream of air (21% molar of O2and 79% molar of N2that flows to a
a speed of 10 kg/h is mixed with a stream of CO2The dioxide of
carbon enters the mixer at a speed of 20 m3/h at 150° C and 1.5 bar.
What is the molar percentage of CO?2in the product stream?
71.09%
9. A flow of liquid water and air enters a humidifying chamber in which the
water evaporates completely. The air at the entrance contains 1.00% by mole of
H2O (v), 20.8% of O2and the rest of N2, and the humid air contains 10.0% in mol
from H2O. Calculate the volumetric flow rate (foot3/min) of the liquid
required to humidify 200 lb mol/min of the incoming air.
Response: 5.77 feet3/min.
10. A one-ton aqueous solution of KOH at 6% is desired.
mass. For the above, there is a tank that contains KOH solution
At 45 in mass. How much KOH should be added to the 4% solution?
Response: 20.9 kg.
11. A company has a contract for 98% pure NaCl (2% of
insoluble impurities) for $1200 / ton. Their last shipment of 10
tons had only 90% purity (10% insoluble solids).
How much should be paid for the shipment?
$11016.
A mixture that contains 20% molar butane, 35% molar pentane, and 45%.
hexanol is separated by fractional distillation. The distillate contains
95% molar of butane, 45% of pentane, and 1% of hexane. The distillate must
contain 90% of the butane loaded in the food.
Determine the composition of the bottom products.
2.46% butane, 42.24% pentane, and 55.28% hexane.
13. A 10,000 lb/h solution containing 6% is fed to an evaporator.
salt mass in water. A saturated solution is produced and some of the salt
crystallize. The crystals, with some solution attached, are centrifuged to
remove part of the solution. Then the crystals are dried to remove the rest
of water. During a one-hour test, 837.6 lb of concentrated solution
198.7 lb of solution are removed in the centrifuge and 361.7 lb of
Dry crystals come out of the dryer. Previous tests on the centrifuge
They show that approximately 60% of the adhered solution is removed.
Calculate: The solubility of the salt in lb salt / lb water; the evaporated water in the
evaporator and the evaporated water in the dryer.
0.298 lb salt / lb water; 8500 lb; 102 lb.