REMINDERS
REMINDERS SEATING PLAN GROUPS RECAP INTRODUCTION
Earth & Life
Science
REPRODUCTION
biological process which new individual organisms
are produced
LEARNING TARGETS
Lesson 3 : Animal Reproduction
a identify and differentiate the modes of reproduction;
b
describe how organisms reproduce asexually;
c describe how organisms reproduce sexually; and
d explain how single organism reproduce both asexually and
sexually.
Activity 1: Modes of Reproduction
MODES OF
REPRODUCTION
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
1 Number of Parents 2
Offspring are identical to the Offspring are not identical to the
Genetic Diversity
parents. parents.
requires less energy Energy requires more energy
Offspring cannot easily adapt to Offspring can adapt to
Adaptability
environmental changes environmental changes
low survivability Survivability high survivability
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
1. Binary Fission
❑Binary fission is a form of asexual
reproduction where every organelle is copied
and the organism divides in two.
❑Examples:
bacterium euglena amoeba paramecium
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
2. Budding
❑ new individual develops from an
outgrowth of a parent, splits off, and lives
independently
❑Examples:
hydra sponge tunicate
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
3. Fragmentation
❑ single parent breaks into parts that
regenerate into whole new individuals
❑Examples:
planaria Sea star sea anemone
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
4. Spore formation
❑ Airborne cells that are released from the
[Image, BIODIDAC, [Link] Zygomycota Rhizopus Sporangia of bread mold showing asexual reproduction Description en anglais seulement. Désolé !<br>Sporangia of bread mold showing asexual reproduction]
parent.
❑ They are enclosed and developed when the
environment is appropriate
❑Examples:
mold algae
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
5. Vegetative Propagation
❑ asexual reproduction in plants that relies on
multi-cellular structures formed by the parent
plant
❑ roots, stems and leaves are used to
reproduce asexually
Bulbs - underground food storage organs that
can grow and develop into new plants (onions
and garlic)
Runners - horizontal stems (strawberry or
spider plants)
Tubers - underground food storage that can
grow and develop into new plants ( potato)
Activity 2: Asexual Reproduction
6. Parthenogenesis
❑ A female’s egg develops into a new organism without
being fertilized by a sperm cell
Bees use parthenogenesis to produce haploid males
(drones) and diploid females (workers).
If an egg is fertilized, a queen is produced. The queen bee
controls the reproduction of the hive bees to regulate the
type of bee produced.
bees wasps some ants aphids
Activity 3: Sexual Reproduction
Questions:
1. What is the female reproductive cell?
2. What is the male reproductive cell?
3. In human, how many chromosomes are present in his or her reproductive cell?
4. What do you call the process where an sperm cell unites with the egg cell?
5. In human, why does a zygote contain 46 chromosomes?
Oviparous and Viviparous
Oviparous Viviparous
Egg-laying Live-bearing
Fertilization
Internal External
Fertilization Fertilization
Hermaphroditism
Simultaneous Hermaphroditism Sequential Hermaphroditism
“one individual has both male and female “an individual
reproductive parts” reverses its sex during its lifetime”
❑ Protogynous-when individuals start out
life as female and change sex to male.
❑ Protandrous-when individuals start out
life as male and change to female.
Protandrous
Assessment
Directions: Identify
whether the given animal
is viviparous or
oviparous.
Assignment
DIRECTIONS: On a separate sheet of paper, copy the table and tick (/) the appropriate column
to classify the form of reproduction used by the given organism or most of its species.
Asexual Sexual
Organisms Binary External
Budding Fragmentation Parthenogenesis Viviparous Oviparous
Fission Fertilization
1. Platypus
2. Flatworm
3. Ascaris
4. Squid
5. Starfish
6. Milkfish
7. Crocodile
8. Eagle
9. Earthworm
10. Human