Mountains, Hills & Peaks of India - 50 MCQs with

Detailed Explanations
Q1. Which is the highest peak of the Western Ghats and South India?

a) Doddabetta

b) Mullayanagiri

c) Anaimudi

d) Kalsubai

Answer: c) Anaimudi

Detailed Explanation:

Anaimudi (2,695 m) is the highest peak of the Western Ghats, the Peninsular Plateau, and all of
South India. Located in Eravikulam National Park (Kerala), its name means “Elephant’s Forehead.” It
is part of the Annamalai Hills and is often called the “Everest of South India.” Its unique biodiversity,
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especially the Nilgiri Tahr (a rare mountain goat), makes it ecologically significant
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Q2. Guru Shikhar, the highest peak of the Aravalli Range, is located in:
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a) Udaipur (Rajasthan)
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b) Sirohi (Rajasthan)

c) Ajmer (Rajasthan)

d) Jodhpur (Rajasthan)

Answer: b) Sirohi (Rajasthan)

Detailed Explanation:

Guru Shikhar (1,722 m) is the highest peak of the Aravalli Range, which is among the oldest fold
mountain systems in the world (Pre-Cambrian origin). It lies near Mount Abu in Sirohi district. The
peak houses the Dattatreya Temple, making it religiously important. The Aravallis act as a climatic
divide in western India, blocking desert winds and providing forest cover.
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Q3. Which is the highest peak of Odisha?

a) Malayagiri

b) Gandhamardan

c) Deomali

d) Mahendragiri

Answer: c) Deomali

Detailed Explanation:

Deomali (1,672 m), in Koraput district, is Odisha’s highest peak. It is part of the Eastern Ghats, which
are mostly eroded, discontinuous ranges. Deomali is known for its biodiversity, tribal settlements,
and scenic beauty. Mahendragiri, though famous in mythology (linked with Lord Parashurama and
the Ramayana), is slightly lower at 1,501 m. S
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Q4. The Vindhya Range is mainly composed of which type of rocks?

a) Igneous

b) Sedimentary

c) Metamorphic

d) Volcanic

Answer: b) Sedimentary

The Vindhyas, stretching across central India, are primarily made of sedimentary rocks like
sandstone, shale, and limestone. These ranges run east-west across Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh,
and Bihar. They form a natural boundary between North India and South India. Historically, they
separated the Aryan north from the Dravidian south. They are important for coal and mineral
deposits.
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Q5. Dhupgarh, the highest point of the Satpura Range, lies near:

a) Mount Abu

b) Pachmarhi

c) Nagpur

d) Bhopal

Answer: b) Pachmarhi

Dhupgarh (1,350 m) is the highest peak of the Satpura Range, situated near Pachmarhi hill station in
Madhya Pradesh. The Satpuras lie between the Narmada (north) and Tapti (south) rivers. Unlike the
Aravallis and Vindhyas, the Satpuras are younger and mostly formed of basaltic and granite rocks.
Pachmarhi, known as the “Queen of Satpuras,” is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve.

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Q6. Rajmahal Hills are located in:

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a) Odisha

b) Jharkhand

c) Bihar

d) Chhattisgarh

Answer: b) Jharkhand

Rajmahal Hills, in Jharkhand (near Dumka), are volcanic in origin and part of the north-eastern edge
of the Deccan Traps. They are famous for Jurassic-era plant fossils, studied worldwide. These hills
played an important role in Santhal tribal resistance during colonial times. The Ganga river passes
close to their northern side, making the region agriculturally fertile.

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Q7. The Rajpipla Hills are part of:

a) Vindhyas

b) Satpuras

c) Western Ghats

d) Eastern Ghats

Answer: c) Western Ghats

Rajpipla Hills are in Gujarat’s Narmada district and are part of the Western Ghats system. These hills
are closely associated with the Narmada river valley. The famous Sardar Sarovar Dam is built near
this region. Geologically, these hills are an extension of the Satpura system merging into the
Western Ghats.

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Q8. The Girnar Hills are located in:

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a) Rajasthan
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b) Gujarat
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c) Maharashtra

d) Karnataka

Answer: b) Gujarat

Detailed Explanation:

Girnar Hills, near Junagadh in Gujarat, are volcanic in origin. Mount Girnar (1,031 m) is the highest
peak of Gujarat. The hills are sacred to Hindus (linked with Lord Dattatreya), Jains (with important
Jain temples), and Buddhists. The area is rich in flora and fauna, and Girnar is also part of the Gir
National Park ecosystem.

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Q9. Shillong Peak is the highest peak of which hills?

a) Jaintia Hills

b) Khasi Hills

c) Naga Hills

d) Lushai Hills

Answer: b) Khasi Hills

Detailed Explanation:

Shillong Peak (1,965 m) is the tallest point of Khasi Hills in Meghalaya. It offers panoramic views of
Shillong city and is used as an Indian Air Force radar base. The Khasi Hills form part of the Shillong
Plateau, which is an extension of the Peninsular Plateau uplifted due to tectonic activity.

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Q10. Nokrek Peak, part of a biosphere reserve, is the highest peak of:
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a) Jaintia Hills
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b) Garo Hills
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c) Khasi Hills
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d) Patkai Hills

Answer: b) Garo Hills

Detailed Explanation:

Nokrek Peak (1,412 m) is the highest in Garo Hills, Meghalaya. It is part of Nokrek Biosphere
Reserve, which is a biodiversity hotspot. It is home to the endangered red panda and has dense
subtropical forests. The Garo Hills, along with Khasi and Jaintia, form the Shillong Plateau.

Q11. Which is the highest peak of Nagaland?

a) Japfu Peak

b) Saramati Peak

c) Khonoma Peak

d) Dzukou Peak
Answer: b) Saramati Peak

Detailed Explanation:

Saramati (3,841 m) is the highest peak of Nagaland, located in the Patkai Hills near the Indo-
Myanmar border. It offers rich biodiversity, pine forests, and alpine vegetation. Japfu Peak (3,048 m)
is also famous for hosting the world’s tallest rhododendron tree but is not the highest.

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Q12. The highest peak of Mizoram is:

a) Lengteng

b) Phawngpui (Blue Mountain)

c) Champhai

d) Tlangitlang
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Answer: b) Phawngpui (Blue Mountain)

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Detailed Explanation:
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Phawngpui (2,157 m), also known as the Blue Mountain, is the highest point of Mizoram. Located
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near the Myanmar border, it is considered sacred by local tribes. The region is designated as
Phawngpui National Park, rich in orchids, medicinal plants, and rare wildlife such as goral and
serow.

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Q13. Mount Tenipu, the highest peak of Manipur, lies in:

a) Barail Range

b) Khasi Hills

c) Patkai Hills

d) Garo Hills
Answer: a) Barail Range

Detailed Explanation:

Mount Tenipu (2,994 m) is the tallest peak of Manipur, located in the Barail Range at the Nagaland-
Manipur border. The Barail Range is the meeting point of the Purvanchal Hills and serves as a
watershed between rivers draining into the Brahmaputra and those flowing into Myanmar.

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Q14. Betling Shib, the highest peak of Tripura, is in which hills?

a) Atharamura Hills

b) Longtharai Hills

c) Jampui Hills

d) Baramura Hills
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Answer: c) Jampui Hills

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Detailed Explanation:
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Betling Shib (939 m) is the highest peak of Tripura, located in the Jampui Hills of North Tripura. The
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Jampui Hills are part of the Mizo Hills (Lushai Hills) system. The region is known for its scenic beauty
and orange plantations.

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Q15. Which peak is the highest in the Nilgiri Hills?

a) Doddabetta

b) Velliangiri

c) Anaimudi

d) Kalsubai

Answer: a) Doddabetta
Detailed Explanation:

Doddabetta (2,637 m), located near Ooty in Tamil Nadu, is the highest peak of the Nilgiris. The
Nilgiris are part of the Western Ghats and form the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO-recognized
biodiversity hotspot. The area is famous for tea plantations and shola forests.

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Q16. Mullayanagiri, the highest peak of Karnataka, lies in:

a) Biligiriranga Hills

b) Sahyadris

c) Bababudan Hills

d) Nilgiris
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Answer: c) Bababudan Hills

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Detailed Explanation:
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Mullayanagiri (1,930 m), in Bababudan Hills of Chikkamagaluru district, is Karnataka’s highest peak.
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These hills are part of the Western Ghats. The Bababudan Hills are also historically important as the
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site where coffee was first introduced to India in the 17th century.
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Q17. The highest peak of Maharashtra is:

a) Salher

b) Torna

c) Kalsubai

d) Mahabaleshwar

Answer: c) Kalsubai

Detailed Explanation:
Kalsubai (1,646 m), located in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra’s Ahmednagar district, is the
state’s highest peak. Popularly called the “Everest of Maharashtra,” it is a trekking hotspot. The
surrounding region forms part of the Sahyadri ranges.

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Q18. Mahendragiri peak is located in which state?

a) Odisha

b) Andhra Pradesh

c) Tamil Nadu

d) Telangana

Answer: a) Odisha
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Detailed Explanation:
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Mahendragiri (1,501 m), in Gajapati district, Odisha, is the second-highest peak of the state after
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Deomali. It is a significant site in Hindu mythology, believed to be associated with Lord Parashurama
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and the Ramayana. The peak is part of the Eastern Ghats.

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Q19. The Purvanchal Hills are the extension of which mountain system?

a) Vindhyas

b) Aravallis

c) Himalayas

d) Western Ghats

Answer: c) Himalayas

Detailed Explanation:
The Purvanchal Hills are the eastern extension of the Himalayas. They curve southward after the
Dihang gorge (where the Brahmaputra enters India) and include ranges like Patkai, Naga, Mizo, and
Manipur hills. These hills form natural boundaries with Myanmar and are covered with dense
forests.

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Q20. Mount Girnar is highest in which state?

a) Gujarat

b) Rajasthan

c) Madhya Pradesh

d) Maharashtra

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Answer: a) Gujarat
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Detailed Explanation:
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Mount Girnar (1,031 m), in Junagadh district of Gujarat, is the highest peak of the state. The Girnar
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Hills are of volcanic origin and hold religious significance. Jain temples from the 12th century and
Hindu shrines like Dattatreya temple are found here. The hills are ecologically linked with the Gir
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forest ecosystem, home of Asiatic lions.

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Q21. Which peak is the highest in Andhra Pradesh?

a) Horsley Hills

b) Mahendragiri

c) Arma Konda

d) Papikonda

Answer: c) Arma Konda

Detailed Explanation:

Arma Konda (1,680 m), also called Jindhagada Peak, is the highest peak of Andhra Pradesh. It lies in
the Eastern Ghats, in the Araku Valley region of Alluri Sitharama Raju district. The Eastern Ghats are
mostly eroded ranges, but they host important minerals like bauxite and manganese. Araku Valley is
also famous for coffee plantations.
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Q22. Which is the highest peak of Tamil Nadu (after Anaimudi in Kerala)?

a) Doddabetta

b) Kodaikanal Peak

c) Kolaribetta

d) Perumalmalai

Answer: a) Doddabetta

Detailed Explanation:

Although Anaimudi lies in Kerala, Doddabetta (2,637 m) is the highest peak of Tamil Nadu, located
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in the Nilgiris near Ooty. It is a popular tourist destination with a telescope house. The Nilgiri Hills
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are an important junction of the Western and Eastern Ghats, making them ecologically rich.
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Q23. The Jaintia Hills are part of which larger plateau?

a) Purvanchal Hills

b) Shillong Plateau

c) Chotanagpur Plateau

d) Deccan Plateau

Answer: b) Shillong Plateau

Detailed Explanation:

The Jaintia Hills, along with the Khasi and Garo Hills, are part of the Shillong Plateau in Meghalaya.
The plateau is an extension of the Peninsular Plateau but was uplifted due to tectonic forces when
the Himalayas formed. The Jaintia Hills are rich in limestone and coal, supporting cement industries
in Meghalaya.
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Q24. Which peak is the highest in Madhya Pradesh?

a) Kalsubai

b) Dhupgarh

c) Pachmarhi

d) Kalumar

Answer: b) Dhupgarh

Detailed Explanation:

Dhupgarh (1,350 m) is the highest peak of Madhya Pradesh, located near Pachmarhi in the Satpura
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Range. The Satpuras are known for their rich forests and wildlife (Satpura National Park, Pachmarhi
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Biosphere Reserve). The name Dhupgarh means “sunlight mountain,” as it offers panoramic sunrise
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and sunset views.

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Q25. Which is the highest peak of Rajasthan?

a) Taragarh

b) Achalgarh

c) Guru Shikhar

d) Kumbhalgarh

Answer: c) Guru Shikhar

Detailed Explanation:

Guru Shikhar (1,722 m), in Mount Abu (Sirohi district), is the highest peak of Rajasthan and the
Aravalli Range. The Aravallis are among the oldest fold mountains in the world, formed during the
Archaean era. They are rich in minerals like zinc and copper. Mount Abu is also famous as a hill
station and for the Dilwara Jain Temples.
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Q26. The Khasi Hills form part of:

a) Aravalli Range

b) Purvanchal Hills

c) Shillong Plateau

d) Satpura Hills

Answer: c) Shillong Plateau

Detailed Explanation:

The Khasi Hills, with Shillong Peak (1,965 m) as the highest point, form the central part of the
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Shillong Plateau. The plateau is an extension of the Peninsular Plateau separated from the
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Chotanagpur Plateau by the Garo-Rajmahal Gap. The Khasi Hills are famous for living root bridges
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and heavy rainfall regions like Cherrapunji and Mawsynram.

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Q27. The Naga Hills form a part of which larger mountain system?

a) Karakoram

b) Purvanchal Hills

c) Satpura Range

d) Vindhyas

Answer: b) Purvanchal Hills

Detailed Explanation:

The Naga Hills, extending into Nagaland and Myanmar, are a part of the Purvanchal Hills (eastern
extension of Himalayas). The highest peak here is Saramati (3,841 m). The hills are covered with
dense forests and are home to several Naga tribes, giving them cultural as well as strategic
importance.
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Q28. Which peak is known as the “Everest of Maharashtra”?

a) Torna Fort

b) Harishchandragad

c) Salher

d) Kalsubai

Answer: d) Kalsubai

Detailed Explanation:

Kalsubai (1,646 m) is Maharashtra’s highest peak and is popularly called the “Everest of
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Maharashtra.” It lies in the Sahyadri ranges of the Western Ghats, in Ahmednagar district. The peak
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has a temple dedicated to Goddess Kalsubai and is a popular trekking spot.

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Q29. The Nilgiris meet both the Eastern Ghats and Western Ghats at:

a) Cardamom Hills

b) Anaimalai Hills

c) Palghat Gap

d) Nilgiri Hills

Answer: d) Nilgiri Hills

Detailed Explanation:

The Nilgiri Hills, with Doddabetta as the highest peak, are a junction where the Eastern and Western
Ghats meet. This tri-junction makes the region a biodiversity hotspot (Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve).
Important national parks here include Mudumalai, Silent Valley, and Bandipur.
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Q30. The Lushai Hills are also known as:

a) Khasi Hills

b) Jaintia Hills

c) Mizo Hills

d) Patkai Hills

Answer: c) Mizo Hills

Detailed Explanation:

The Lushai Hills, also called the Mizo Hills, are located in Mizoram. The highest peak here is
Phawngpui (Blue Mountain, 2,157 m). The hills are part of the Purvanchal system and are known for
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dense bamboo forests, shifting cultivation (jhum), and vibrant tribal culture.
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Q31. The Western Ghats are recognized by UNESCO as a:

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a) World Heritage Site

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b) National Park
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c) Ramsar Site

d) Tiger Reserve

Answer: a) World Heritage Site

Detailed Explanation:

The Western Ghats, stretching from Gujarat to Kerala, were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site in 2012. They are one of the eight “hottest hotspots of biological diversity” in the world. They
influence monsoon rainfall by intercepting the southwest monsoon winds. Major peaks include
Anaimudi, Agasthyamalai, and Mullayanagiri.

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Q32. Which of the following is the highest peak of Chhattisgarh?

a) Bailadila

b) Kangeri

c) Guru Ghasidas Peak

d) Gaurlata

Answer: d) Gaurlata

Detailed Explanation:

Gaurlata (1,220 m), located in the Maikal Hills, is the highest peak of Chhattisgarh. The Maikal Hills
are part of the Satpura range and are covered with dense forests rich in teak and sal. The Bailadila
Hills of Bastar are also famous for their high-grade iron ore deposits but are not the tallest.

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Q33. Which hill range forms the boundary between Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra?
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a) Aravallis
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b) Vindhyas
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c) Satpuras

d) Rajmahal

Answer: c) Satpuras

Detailed Explanation:

The Satpura Range runs parallel to the Vindhyas, between the Narmada and Tapti rivers. It forms a
natural boundary between Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Dhupgarh (1,350 m) is the highest
point. The Satpuras are younger than the Aravallis and contain rich forests and coal reserves.

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Q34. Which range is considered the “dividing line” between North and South India?
a) Himalayas

b) Vindhyas

c) Aravallis

d) Satpuras

Answer: b) Vindhyas

Detailed Explanation:

The Vindhya Range has historically been seen as the dividing line between northern and southern
India. Though not very high, it extends across Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. In ancient texts,
Aryavarta (north) and Dakshinapatha (south) were separated by the Vindhyas. They are mainly
composed of sedimentary rocks.

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Q35. Which is the highest peak of Jharkhand?

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a) Parasnath (Shikharji)
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b) Trikut
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c) Netarhat

d) Dalma

Answer: a) Parasnath (Shikharji)

Detailed Explanation:

Parasnath (1,365 m) in Giridih district is the highest peak of Jharkhand. It is a sacred site for Jains, as
20 out of 24 Tirthankaras attained salvation here. The peak lies in the Chotanagpur Plateau, which is
rich in coal, iron ore, and mica.

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Q36. The Girnar Hills are of which geological origin?

a) Sedimentary

b) Volcanic

c) Metamorphic

d) Igneous Intrusions

Answer: b) Volcanic

Detailed Explanation:

Girnar Hills, in Junagadh (Gujarat), are of volcanic origin, formed from ancient lava flows. Mount
Girnar (1,031 m) is Gujarat’s highest peak. These hills are culturally important due to Jain and Hindu
temples, and ecologically linked to Gir National Park.

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Q37. Which is the highest peak in Kerala?

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a) Anamudi
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b) Agasthyamalai
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c) Ponmudi
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d) Perumalmalai

Answer: a) Anamudi

Detailed Explanation:

Anamudi (2,695 m), in the Eravikulam National Park (Kerala), is the highest peak of Kerala, the
Western Ghats, and South India. It is called the “Everest of South India.” The slopes are home to the
endangered Nilgiri Tahr and the rare Neelakurinji flower that blooms once every 12 years.

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Q38. In which state are the Balaghat Hills located?

a) Uttar Pradesh
b) Madhya Pradesh

c) Maharashtra

d) Bihar

Answer: b) Madhya Pradesh

Detailed Explanation:

The Balaghat Hills are in Madhya Pradesh and form part of the Satpura system. They are rich in
manganese ore and dense forests. The district of Balaghat is named after these hills. The Satpuras
play an important role in dividing the Narmada and Tapti river basins.

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Q39. Which peak is the highest in Assam?

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a) Blue Mountain
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b) Saramati
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c) Diphu Peak
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d) Bhuban Hills
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Answer: c) Diphu Peak

Detailed Explanation:

Diphu Peak (2,290 m), located in Karbi Anglong district, is the highest peak of Assam. It lies in the
Karbi Hills, which are part of the Meghalaya Plateau system. The region is rich in biodiversity and
tribal culture.

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Q40. The Rajmahal Hills are famous worldwide for:

a) Coffee plantations

b) Fossils
c) Iron ore

d) Salt deposits

Answer: b) Fossils

Detailed Explanation:

The Rajmahal Hills of Jharkhand are volcanic in origin and are globally known for Jurassic-era plant
fossils. They provide valuable information about the flora of 150 million years ago. The Santhal
rebellion also began in this region, making it historically significant.

Q41. The Cardamom Hills are part of which larger system?

a) Nilgiri Hills

b) Western Ghats

c) Eastern Ghats

d) Aravallis
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Answer: b) Western Ghats

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Detailed Explanation:
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The Cardamom Hills, located in Kerala, are part of the Southern Western Ghats. They are named
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after the famous spice cardamom grown here. The region includes the Periyar Tiger Reserve and is
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rich in tropical evergreen forests. Peaks like Perumalmalai and Anamudi are nearby.
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Q42. Which is the highest peak of Telangana?

a) Ananthagiri Hills

b) Durgam Cherruvu Peak

c) Doli Gutta

d) Bhuvanagiri

Answer: c) Doli Gutta

Detailed Explanation:
Doli Gutta (965 m) is the highest peak of Telangana, located in the Khammam district near the
Godavari River. The state mostly consists of the Deccan Plateau, with low hills and rocky terrain. The
Ananthagiri Hills, though famous, are lower than Doli Gutta.

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Q43. The Ajanta and Satmala ranges are offshoots of:

a) Vindhyas

b) Western Ghats

c) Satpuras

d) Aravallis

Answer: b) Western Ghats

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Detailed Explanation:
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The Ajanta and Satmala hills, in Maharashtra, are extensions of the Western Ghats. The Ajanta Hills
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are world-famous for the Ajanta caves, a UNESCO World Heritage Site with ancient Buddhist rock-
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cut architecture. The Satmala Hills contain peaks like Kalsubai.

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Q44. In which state are the Lushai (Mizo) Hills mainly located?

a) Nagaland

b) Manipur

c) Mizoram

d) Tripura

Answer: c) Mizoram

Detailed Explanation:
The Lushai Hills, also called Mizo Hills, cover most of Mizoram. Phawngpui (2,157 m), or Blue
Mountain, is the highest peak here. The hills are part of the Purvanchal system and are covered with
dense bamboo forests. Shifting cultivation (jhum) is widely practiced.

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Q45. The Eastern Ghats are mainly:

a) Continuous and high

b) Discontinuous and eroded

c) Volcanic in origin

d) Younger than Himalayas

Answer: b) Discontinuous and eroded

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Detailed Explanation:
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The Eastern Ghats are highly eroded, discontinuous ranges running from Odisha to Tamil Nadu along
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India’s east coast. Unlike the Western Ghats, they are older and lower in elevation. Peaks include
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Deomali (Odisha), Mahendragiri (Odisha), and Arma Konda (Andhra Pradesh). Major rivers like
Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri cut through them to form deltas.
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Q46. Which is the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats?

a) Mahendragiri

b) Arma Konda

c) Jindhagada

d) Malayagiri

Answer: b) Arma Konda

Detailed Explanation:
Arma Konda (1,680 m), also called Jindhagada, is the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats, located in
Andhra Pradesh. The Eastern Ghats are much older than the Himalayas and have been eroded over
time. They are rich in minerals such as bauxite and manganese.

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Q47. The Patkai Hills are located along the border of:

a) India–China

b) India–Nepal

c) India–Myanmar

d) India–Bhutan

Answer: c) India–Myanmar
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Detailed Explanation:
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The Patkai Hills form the boundary between India (Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland) and Myanmar.
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They are part of the Purvanchal Hills, the eastern extension of the Himalayas. The Patkai Hills are
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covered with dense forests and receive heavy rainfall.

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Q48. Which peak is the highest in Sikkim?

a) Kabru

b) Pandim

c) Kanchenjunga

d) Rathong

Answer: c) Kanchenjunga

Detailed Explanation:
Kanchenjunga (8,586 m) is the highest peak of Sikkim and the third-highest mountain in the world.
It lies on the border of India and Nepal. Locally revered as the “Five Treasures of Snow,” it is
considered sacred by the people of Sikkim.

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Q49. Which hill station is located in the Maikal Hills?

a) Pachmarhi

b) Amarkantak

c) Mount Abu

d) Saputara

Answer: b) Amarkantak
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Detailed Explanation:
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Amarkantak, in the Maikal Hills (an extension of the Satpuras), is a sacred hill station in Madhya
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Pradesh. It is the origin of the Narmada and Son rivers. The Maikal Hills are forested and rich in
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biodiversity, forming part of the Satpura Biosphere Reserve.

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Q50. Which peak is the highest in the Andaman & Nicobar Islands?

a) Saddle Peak

b) Mount Harriet

c) Mount Thullier

d) Sombrero Peak

Answer: a) Saddle Peak

Detailed Explanation:
Saddle Peak (732 m), located in North Andaman, is the highest point in the Andaman & Nicobar
Islands. It lies within Saddle Peak National Park, which has tropical forests and rich marine
biodiversity. Mount Thullier (Nicobar) and Mount Harriet (South Andaman) are also notable peaks.

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