FOFL/English Academic Skills
INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Learning Styles
OUTLINE
1. Multiple intelligences
2. Learning styles
2
OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, students will
be able to:
• Understand multiple intelligences
• Identify learning styles
• Explore their personal learning
style(s)
3
1. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCIES
Logical-
Linguistic Spatial Musical
Mathematical
Bodily-
Naturalist Interpersonal Intrapersonal
kinesthetic
Davis, K., Christodoulou, J., Seider, S., & Gardner, H. (2011)
4
1. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCIES
▪ Different intelligences interact.
• multi-sensory
• learning in one area enhances learning
in other areas
▪ Use as learning tools → make studying:
• easier
• more interesting
Image 1.1: Multiple
intelligences 5
1. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCIES
What kinds of intelligences have you got?
How do you use them in your study?
6
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ A learning style: a preferred way of learning and studying
▪ E.g.
• diagrams > text
• working in groups > working alone
• learning in a structured > a freer and unstructured manner.
▪ Learning preferences: an individual’s preferred intellectual approach to
learning
(Pritchard, 2008)
7
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ Auditory learners: listening, hearing, saying.
• Discussion, lectures, interviewing, audio
• Sequence, repetition and summary.
▪ Visual learners: seeing.
• Diagrams, graphs, maps
• Video recordings, television programmes
▪ Kinesthetic learners: touching, doing.
• Feelings, physical experiences
• Physical activity, first-hand experience Image 2.1: Learning styles
• Regular breaks in learning activities. ([Link]
auditory-kinesthetic/)
(Pritchard, 2008)
8
2. LEARNING STYLES
The diver The dreamer The logician The searcher
Image 2.2: Learning styles
Cottrell (2013)
9
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ Example: When given a group project, he is
The diver
quick to jump in and take on tasks, ensuring
progress is made efficiently.
▪ Strengths: Proactive, motivated, excels in
role-play activities and problem-solving.
▪ Challenge: May struggle with long-term
planning and reflection.
Image 2.3: The diver
Cottrell (2013)
10
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ Example: She/He thoroughly researches a
topic for an assignment, often delving deep
into various sources to gain a
The dreamer
comprehensive understanding.
▪ Strengths: Reflective, creative, generates a
multitude of ideas, evaluates thoroughly.
▪ Challenge: May put off practical aspects and
struggle with time management.
Image 2.4: The
dreamer 11
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ Example: She/He approaches assignments
with a logical mindset, preferring to
understand the underlying reasons and The logician
principles behind concepts.
▪ Strengths: Analytical thinker, organized,
excels in subjects requiring critical analysis.
▪ Challenge: May find it challenging to think
creatively and work effectively with others.
Image 2.5: The
logiccian 12
2. LEARNING STYLES
▪ Example: She/He finds interest in a wide
range of topics and enjoys making
connections between different areas of
knowledge. The searcher
▪ Strengths: Broad general knowledge, high
motivation, creative and inventive.
▪ Challenge: May struggle with prioritizing
information and refining analytical thinking
skills.
Image 2.6: The
searcher 13
WRAP-UP
1. Multiple intelligences
2. Learning styles
14
REFERENCES
[1] Bernard, G. W. (2003). Studying at University (1st ed.). Routledge - Taylor and Francis Group.
[Link]
[2] Burns, T., & Sinfield, S. (2016). Essential Study Skills (4th ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
[Link]
[3] Cottrell, S. (2013). The Study Skills Handbook (4th ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
[4] Davis, K., Christodoulou, J., Seider, S., & Gardner, H. (2011). The Theory of Multiple
Intelligences. In R. J. Sternberg & S. B. Kaufman (Eds.), Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence
(pp. 485–503). Cambridge University Press.
[5] Pritchard, A. (2008). Studying and Learning at University (1st ed.). Sage Publications.
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INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Learning Styles
Lecturer: Nguyen Thi Minh Ha, MA
Presenter: Nguyen Thi Minh Ha, MA
INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Bài học
Next tiếp theo:
lesson: Lecture, discussion: Different learning styles
References:
[1] Mind Tools. (2016). SMART goals- How to make your goals achievable. Retrieved
from [Link]
[2] [Link]. (2021). Action planning. Retrieved from
[Link]
[3] Weller, A. (2016). Smart sheet. Develop a plan of action with free templates.
Retrieved from [Link]