Law Enforcement Reviewer (Slides 1–
156 Simplified)
CHAPTER 1 – LAW ENFORCEMENT PLANNING
- Planning = pagdedesisyon bago gumawa ng action (ano, paano, kailan, sino).
- Police Planning = paglalaan ng resources (tao, gamit, pera) para sa community needs.
- Operational Planning = standard procedures para hindi bara-bara.
- Key Terms: Goals (general), Objectives (specific), Strategies (methods), Tactics (actions),
Policies, Procedures, Guidelines.
- Approaches: Synoptic (comprehensive), Incremental (step by step), Transactive
(community consultation), Advocacy (weigh pros/cons), Radical (quick action).
- Classifications: Strategic (5–10 yrs), Intermediate (3–5 yrs), Operational (short-term).
- Types: Reactive, Proactive, Visionary, Strategic, Operational.
- Kinds: Policy & Procedural, Tactical, Operational, Extra-Office, Management.
- Doctrines: Fundamental, Operational, Functional, Complimentary, Ethical.
- Steps: Frame problem → Gather facts → Develop alternatives → Select best → Execute →
Evaluate.
CHAPTER 2 – CRIME MAPPING
- Crime Mapping = paglalagay ng crime data sa mapa para makita hotspots.
- GIS = computer tool to analyze crime locations and trends.
- Types of Mapping: Pin Mapping, Computer Mapping, GIS (advanced).
- Crime Analysis Types: Intelligence (suspects/groups), Tactical (short-term), Strategic
(long-term), Administrative (management).
- Mapping = where crimes happen; Analysis = why/how crimes happen.
- CPTED = Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (surveillance, access control,
territoriality, maintenance, target hardening).
CHAPTER 3 – POLICE OPERATIONS
- Police Operations = lahat ng trabaho sa field (patrol, investigation, security, etc.).
- Categories: Patrol, Law Enforcement, Internal Security, Public Safety, Special Ops,
Investigation, Police-Community Relations.
- Use of Force: Only necessary and reasonable; continuum = non-lethal → less-lethal → lethal
(last resort).
- Patrol Types: Foot, Car, Horse, Dog/K9, Air, Boat, Bike, Motorcycle.
- Patrol Patterns: Clockwise, Counterclockwise, Zigzag, Criss-cross, Cloverleaf.
- Stopping & Frisking: Allowed if suspicious (limited pat-down, respectful).
- Checkpoints: Must be authorized, visible, courteous, visual search only.
LEGAL OPERATIONS
- Arrest: With warrant (judge-issued) or without warrant (in flagrante delicto, hot pursuit,
escapee).
- Miranda Rights required; use of BWC (Body Worn Camera) recommended.
- Search & Seizure: With warrant (specific, valid 10 days); Without warrant exceptions =
incident to arrest, plain view, consent, moving vehicle, exigent, frisk, customs.
- Checkpoints: Authorized, marked, courteous, limited to visual search; cannot force
passengers unless probable cause.
- Plain View Doctrine = evidence can be seized if obvious and police are lawfully present.
PUBLIC ASSEMBLY
- Public Assembly = rallies, protests, demonstrations.
- Permit required, except in freedom parks or private property.
- Role of Police: Maintain peace/order, respect rights, apply maximum tolerance.
- Dispersal only if: no permit or violent assembly. Must give 3 warnings first.
- Rights of Rallyists: Freedom of speech/assembly, protection from harassment, due
process.