Light
1. What is light
Light is form of energy enables a sensation of vision in us.
2. Differentiate between luminous and non luminous objects
Luminous non luminous objects
1. Emits light on their own Do not emit light on their own
2. Eg sun, star, tubelight tree , book , earth
3. Define rectilinear propagation of light
Ans: Light always travels in straight lines unless blocked by an
opaque object.
4. How can you make a metal emit light
By heating the metal to a particular temperature ( 600°C-800°C)
5. Write some applications of rectilinear propagation of light?
a. Formation of shadows- artificial
b. Natural shadows – eclipses
c. Pin hole camera
Working of the pinhole camera
• A burning candle is placed in front of the pinhole
• The light from the upper point A travels in a straight line, after passing through the
pinhole reaches point A 1 on the screen.
• The light from the lower point B travels in a straight line, after passing through the
pinhole reaches point B1 on the screen.
• An inverted image A1B1 is obtained on the screen.
6. What are the characteristics of the image formed by a pinhole camera
1. Inverted image
2. Real image – because it is obtained on a screen.
3. The size of the image can be smaller, larger, or equal to the size of the object.
7. Why is the inside of the pinhole blackened in the pinhole camera?
Black colour absorbs any light and avoid reflection of the light.
8. 1. u>v, the image is smaller 2. u = v, the image is of the same size 3. u< v the image is bigger
Than the object as the object than the object.
9. What are the factors affecting the size of the image
• Distance between the screen and the pinhole
• Distance between the object and the pinhole
10. Will the shape of the pinhole affect the image
No
11. How does the size of the pinhole affect the image
• If the size of the pinhole is bigger the image will be blurred because a bigger hole is
equivalent to many holes. The images formed by them overlap each other and become
blurred.
12. Differentiate between transparent, translucent and opaque objects
Transparent translucent opaque
Light can pass through these only a part of light passes through no light can pass through
completely. rest is absorbed or scattered. them. The light is absorbed
scattered or reflected.
Glasses, car windshield mesh, plastic cover, window pane wood, metals
13. What is a shadow? How is it formed?
When an opaque object is placed in the path of light, the rays of light are blocked by the opaque
object forming a dark patch behind the object.
14. What are the necessary conditions for the formation of a shadow.
• An opaque object
• A source of light
• A screen or surface to receive the shadow.
15. What are the two regions of a shadow
The inner dark region called the umbra and the outer dull or faint region called the penumbra.
16. What are the factors on which the nature of the shadow depend on?
• The shape of the shadow
• The size of the shadow
• The distance between the source and the object
• The distance between the object and surface
• The nature of the source of light.
17. Define an eclipse
The shadow cast by the earth and the moon.
18. What is a solar eclipse ?
When the sun , moon and the earth are in a straight line, the moon lies between the sun and the
earth , the sun becomes invisible partly or wholly is called a solar eclipse. Solar eclipse occurs on
a new moon day but not on all new moon days.
19. How do we distinguish between total solar eclipse and partial solar eclipse?
Total solar eclipse occurs at places on the earth which fall in the umbra region of the moon’s
shadow. Partial solar eclipse occurs at places on the earth, which fall in the penumbra region of
the moon s shadow.
20. Write a short note on annular solar eclipse.
When certain places on the earth fall at the tip of the umbra region of the moon’s shadow, only
the rim of the sun , called the corona is visible as a bright ring while the central portion is
completely blocked by the moon. The bright ring is referred to as the diamond ring and visible
for few seconds only.
21. What is a lunar eclipse?
When the sun , moon and the earth are in a straight line and the earth comes between the sun
and the moon, the moon becomes partially or totally invisible. The lunar eclipse occurs on a full
moon night but not on every full moon night.
22. How do we
distinguish between total lunar eclipse and partial lunar eclipse?
Total lunar eclipse occurs at places on the earth when the moon is totally in the umbra region of
the earth shadow. Partial lunar eclipse occur at places on the earth, when the moon is in the
penumbra region of the earth’s shadow.
1. Which of the following is a false?
(a) Pinhole camera produces an erect image.
(b) Pinhole Camera produces a shadow
(c) Pinhole Camera produces an image
(d) Pinhole Camera produces an inverted image
2. What is true about shadows and images?
(a) Shadows are always black in colour.
(b) Shadows are formed because light travels in straight line.
(c) Images shows the colour of the objects
(d) All the above
3. Which of the following is true about images?
(a) Images shows the colour of the object
(b) Image shows the exact detail of the object
(c)Images are formed because light travels in straight line
(d) All the above
4. A total eclipse occurs when the observer is within the _____.
a. Antumbra
b. Umbra
c. Penumbra
d. None of the options
4. A lunar eclipse occurs when the ______ shadow falls on the Moon.
a. Sun’s
b. Earth’s
5. What is a solar eclipse?
(a) When the Earth passes between the Moon and the Sun.
(b) When the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun.
(c) When the Sun passes between the Earth and the Moon.
(d) When the Moon's orbit around Earth is blocked by the Sun.
6. Which phase of the Moon is necessary for a solar eclipse to occur?
(a) Full Moon
(b) New Moon
(c) First Quarter Moon
(d) Last Quarter Moon
7. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the:
(a) Moon's shadow
(b) Sun's shadow
(c) Earth's shadow
(d) Earth's atmosphere
8. What is the umbra?
(a) The lighter, outer part of a shadow where only part of the sun is blocked.
(b) The darkest, central part of a shadow where the sun is completely blocked.
(c) The entire region where an eclipse can be seen.
(d) The red-colored light seen during a total lunar eclipse.
9. Why don't lunar eclipses occur every month?
(a) The Moon's orbit around Earth is inclined.
(b) The Moon is too far from Earth.
(c) The Earth's orbit around the Sun is too large.
(d) The Moon does not always reflect sunlight.
10. How many types of solar eclipses are there?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
11. What safety precautions should you take when viewing a solar eclipse?
a) Use regular sunglasses
b) View it directly with the naked eye
c) Use a telescope without a filter
d) Use special eclipse glasses or a solar viewer
12. The light from the sun reaches the earth in
(a) 8 minutes and 20 seconds
(b) 8.33 seconds
(c) 18.33 minutes
(d) 88.33 seconds
13. Which of the following is not a luminous object
(a) Unlit candle
(b) Burning gas lantern
(c) Glow worm
(d) Sun
14. This screen is a must to receive the shadow
(a) Transparent screen
(b) Opaque screen
(c) Translucent screen
(d) No screen
15. When Sahil looked at a lighted torch through an object he could see a faint glow,
but not the torch. The object is
(a) Transparent
(b) Opaque
(c) Translucent
(d) None of these
16. This takes place from smooth polished surface when a beam of light falls on it
(a) Reflection
(b) Absorption
(c) Refraction
(d) Radiation
17. Why do shadows change their size throughout the day?
a) The screen moves
b) The object moves
c) The position of the light source changes
d) The weather changes
18. A pinhole camera demonstrates rectilinear propagation of light by:
a) Showing how light bends around objects
b) Demonstrating dispersion
c) Forming an inverted image because light travels in straight paths from the object
to the screen
d) Explaining how light reflects off surfaces
19. The working of a pinhole camera is based on the property of_________
propagation of light.
a) Circular
b) Rectilinear
c) Rotational
d) Curvilinear
20. If you move a light source closer to an opaque object, the size of the
shadow will:
* a) Decrease
* b) Increase
* c) Stay the same
* d) Become brighter