UT calibration with IIW V1 block
Aim:
To calibrate the UT flaw detector in conjunction with normal beam probes and angle
beam probes with the help of IIW V1 block
Requirements:
UT Flaw detector Model: Modsonic, Einstein TFT II
Normal beam probe (10mm dia and 4MHz)
Normal beam probe (8x9 mm, 45o and 4MHz)
IIW V1 block
Couplant oil
To be calibrated:
Normal beam probe: Range, Linearity, Resolution and sensitivity
Angle beam probe: Index point, angle, angle of divergence, Range, and
sensitivity
IIW VI Block
1 2mm
1 mm B
wide
E
5 dia C notc
1
m hole h
0
m F
m 50
Slot P
m m 85
of 91
m
1.5
dia
mm
hol
deep
e
and
3mm
widt
h
1. Range setting for normal beam probe
▪ The probe connected with the flaw detector and velocity is set as 5890m/s
▪ The range is set as 125mm and the probe is kept on surface C (or D)
▪ Block thickness is 25mm
▪ Scale = Range / No of Div = 125/100 = 1.25mm
▪ No. of BWE = Range / thickness = 125/25 = 5
▪ The first BWE should fall at 20th division and 2nd , 3rd, 4th, and 5th at 40th, 60th,
80th and 100th divisions respectively.
▪ The initial dB is 25
▪ The positions of the BWE’s on the screen display are noticed
▪ Five peaks are appeared on the screen after adjusting the dB to 30
▪ All the five BWE are evaluated with gate and measure options and adjusted
to exactly match with the depths of 25mm, 50mm, 75mm, 100mm and
125mm respectively with the help of probe zero option.
▪ Now the probe is kept on surface A and thickness is 100mm.
▪ A BWE is observed exactly at 80th division, ie 100mm depth.
▪ The range is set
Intensity
0 25 50 75 100 125
Time
▪ Range setting is important for getting accurate values of flaw depth and
thickness of objects
2. Horizontal linearity
▪ The probe is placed on surface C (or D) and rage is set as 125mm
▪ So the Scale is 1.25mm and No of BWE are 5
▪ Five BWE’s are appearing on the CRT screen.
▪ The distances between the six successive peaks are taken as X1, X2, X3, X4,
and X5 and the overall distance is taken as X6, which is 125mm.
▪ All these distances, X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5, are measured with the help of
gate and measure options.
▪ X1= 24.5mm, X2= 25mm, X3= 25.5mm, X4= 24.5mm, X5= 25mm
▪ So X1 + X2 + X3 + X4 + X5 = 24.5 +25 + 25.5 + 24.5 + 25 = 124.5mm
▪ The summation of distances X1 to X5 is almost equal to X6, ie with in the
permitted tolerance of 3%.
▪ So, the horizontal linearity of the probe and instrument is good.
Intensity
0 25 50 75 100 125
Time
▪ Horizontal linearity is important for getting accurate values of flaw depth and
thickness of objects
3. Vertical linearity
▪ The probe is placed on surface C (or D) and rage is set as 125mm
▪ So the Scale is 1.25mm and No of BWE are 5
▪ Five BWE’s are appearing on the CRT screen.
▪ The first BWE is selected for linearity checking and the gain and Y axis
position values are noticed.
▪ It’s gain value in dB is 30dB and it’s Y axis position is 80% of FSH.
▪ Now, the gain is reduced by 6dB and the new gain value is 24dB.
▪ The peak now should appear at 40% of FSH (50% reduction), but appearing at
41% of FSH, which is in the acceptable tolerance of 3% error.
▪ So, the vertical linearity of the probe and instrument is good.
80% of FSH 41% FSH
30dB 24dB
▪ Vertical linearity is important for getting accurate values of flaw size
4. Resolution of straight beam probe
▪ The Range is set as 100 mm and the probe is placed on surface A
▪ The thickness is 100mm, so scale is 1mm and No of BWE is 1
▪ The BWE is forming at 100th division and the BWE is made to reach the FSH
(100%) by adjusting the dB.
▪ Now the probe is moved on surface A and placed exactly over the 2mm notch
▪ As a result, peaks are appearing for 85 mm, 91 mm & 100 mm surfaces.
▪ The heights of 85 mm & 91 mm surface echo’s are made equal by twisting the
Probe.
▪ Then both these echoes are made to reach the FSH (100% Height) by
increasing the Gain.
▪ The Y axis onset point position of these echoes is observed and it is at 30th
division, which is well below the threshold 50 divisions.
▪ So, the resolution of Machine is good
5. Sensitivity of straight beam probe
▪ The range is set as 50 mm and the probe is placed on surface B over the small
1mm hole.
▪ So the scale is 0.5mm
▪ The 1 mm hole is placed at 15 mm depth from surface B and 50 mm hole is at
45 mm depth from surface B.
▪ So they have to appear at 30th division and 90th division respectively.
▪ Two indications are formed, one at 30th division and another at 90th division,
and hence the sensitivity is good.
50mm hole
1mm hole
15 45 50
6. Probe Index of angle beam probe
▪ The 450 probe is taken and the range is set as 200 mm.
▪ Scale is 2mm
▪ Velocity is set as 3230 m/sec.
▪ The probe is placed on surface A over the focal point F and the beam is directed
towards the 100mm curved surface
▪ A peak is start appearing for 100 mm curved surface at 50th division.
▪ Maximization of the peak is done by moving the probe back and forth.
▪ At the maximum peak position, the matching between probe index point and
focal point is noticed.
▪ The index point is placed exactly over the focal point.
▪ So the beam exit point or probe index is correct.
t
7. Probe angle confirmation
▪ The 450 probe is taken and the range is set as 200 mm.
▪ Scale is 2mm
▪ Velocity is set as 3230 m/sec.
▪ Now the probe is placed on surface B at above 45o angle and the beam
directed towards the 50mm dia circle.
▪ A Peak is appeared from 50 mm dia hole.
▪ The Peak is maximized by moving the probe back and forth.
▪ Now notice the probe angle index point position and it is at 46 0.
▪ Since a 1o variation in either side is accepted, the angle is correct.
8. Beam divergence of angle beam probe
▪ The 450 probe is taken and the range is set as 200 mm.
▪ Scale is 2mm
▪ Velocity is set as 3230 m/sec.
▪ Now the probe is placed on surface B at above 45o angle and the beam
directed towards the 50mm dia circle.
▪ A Peak is appeared from 50 mm dia hole.
▪ Now the probe is moved in any one direction and the angle at which no
reflection is noticed and it is 35 o .
▪ Now the probe is moved in the opposite direction and the angle at which no
reflection is noticed and it is 55 o .
▪ No reflections beyond 35o and 55o
▪ So , beam divergence is (55 – 35) / 2 = 20/2 = 10o
35o 45o 55o
50mm
hole
9. Range setting of angle beam probe
▪ A 45O probe is taken and the range is set as 275 mm.
▪ Scale is 1 div is equal to 2.75mm
▪ The Probe is placed on the surface A at focal point F by directing the beam
towards the 100mm curved surface
▪ A peak is appearing at around 36th division on the screen, which is at 100mm.
▪ GATE is placed on the Peak to measure the distance and the value is 100mm.
▪ So, the range is correct.
▪ To verify, the Probe is reversed to 180o and t the beam is directed towards
the 25mm curved slot
▪ Now the peak from 25 mm radius is appearing at 9th division, at 25mm.
▪ So the range is set.