CHAPTER – 6

VBODMAS
HIERARCHY OF ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS There are four types of brackets:
(i) Vinculum : This is represented by a bar on the top of
To simplify arithmetic expressions, which involve various
the numbers. For example,
operations like brackets, multiplication, addition, etc. a
particular sequence of the operations has to be followed.
For example, 2 + 3 x 4 has to be calculated by multiplying 2 + 3 − 4 + 3 ; Here, the figures under the vinculum
3 with 4 and the result 12 added to 2 to give the final result have to be calculated as 4 + 3 first and the "minus"
of 14 (you should not add 2 to 3 first to take the result 5 sign before 4 is applicable to 7. Thus the given
and multiply this 5 by 4 to give the final result as 20). This expression is equal to 2 + 3 − 7 which is equal to –2.
is because in arithmetic operations, multiplication should (ii) Simple Brackets: These are represented by ( )
be done first before addition is taken up.
(ii) Curly Brackets: These are represented by { }
The hierarchy of arithmetic operations are given by a rule (iv) Square Brackets: These are represented by [ ]
called BODMAS rule. The operations have to be carried
out in the order in which they appear in the word The brackets in an expression have to be opened in the order
BODMAS, where different letters of the word BODMAS of vinculum, simple brackets, curly brackets and square
stand for the following operations: brackets, i.e., [ { ( ¯ ) } ] to be opened from inside outwards.
V Vinculum
After brackets is O in the BODMAS rule standing for "of"
B Brackets
which means multiplication. For example, 1/2 of 4 will be
O Of
equal to 1/2 x 4 which is equal to 2.
D Division
M Multiplication After O, the next operation is D standing for division. This
A Addition is followed by M standing for multiplication. After
S Subtraction Multiplication, A standing for addition will be performed.
Then, S standing for subtraction is performed.

Exercise – 6(a) Time: 30 min.

Questions 1 to 30: Simplifications

3 3.4 × 0.64 + 0.17 ×1.6

1. 16 + of [32 – 16 ÷ 4 × 6 + 23 − 11 + 3 – 2 × 6] = ? 7. =?
4 6.8 × 0.0004
(A) 89/4 (B) 77/4 (A) 940 (B) 800 (C) 900 (D) 860
(C) 97/4 (D) 81/4
8. [6.03 × 9 – {207 – (303 + 129 – 198)}] = ?
2 1  2 4 3 (A) 75 (B) 81 (C) 84 (D) 72
2. 3 + 5 16 ÷ 13  ÷ 6 =?
9 4  3 6 4
(A) 3140/369 (B) 1342/369 9. ( 14.44 – 2.5)2 ÷ 1.68 = ?
(C) 1456/369 (D) 1539/369 (A) 1 (B) 1.5 (C) 2.25 (D) 24

3. 40% of [{(16 − 8 +18 −12)× 5 − 6}× 2 + 3] = ? 10. If 1441 ÷ 8 ÷ 5 = 90% of x, find x.

(A) 36 (B) 40 (C) 45 (D) 50
(A) 253/5 (B) 271/5
(C) 267/5 (D) 262/5 11. [12 × 5 – {200 – (501 + 247 – 386)}] ÷2 = ?
(A) 111 (B) 62 (C) 61 (D) 82
15 3
4. % of [108 + of [16 + 37 − 5 (10 + 2)} = ?
2 8 12. 0.5 of 98 ÷ 7 × [4 + {3 – (4 – 7)} + 5] = ?
(A) 21.25 (B) 19.35 (A) 105 (B) 100 (C) 49 (D) 98
(C) 16.35 (D) 15.85
13. 201 + 651 + (201 – 0.25 {378 + (256 – 137) + 263}) = ?
4  (A) 863 (B) 464 (C) 563 (D) 575
5. 3025 + (232 ×  of 6  – 20% of 250) ÷ 301 = ?
3 
14. [20 + 2 {(16 × 4 + 6 × 40) + (98 × 12 ÷ 4 × 10)} – 10] = ?
(A) 3031 (B) 3224
(A) 6498 (B) 6496
(C) 3160 (D) 3458
(C) 6497 (D) 6499

6. 16%of 2250 ÷ 30% of 300 - 1% of 4500 = ? 15. {6 + (6464 ÷ 101) – (7 × 31 ÷ 186 × 6)} + 21 = ?
(A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 5 (D) 2 (A) 82 (B) 84 (C) 74 (D) 64

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 3  35  1
16. % of {54 × 8 + (16 × 9 – 12)} + 1125 ÷ 5 × 4 – 3 = ? 23.  ×175  of ÷ 20= ?
4  2100  5
(A) 1167.23 (B) 1011.23 (A) 35/3 (B) 3/35
(C) 1101.23 (D) None of these (C) 7/240 (D) 6240/7

5 7 5  189  21
17. 168 ÷ 21 × 16 +  of 42 − +  = ? 24.  of 12.42  ÷ of 427.75 = ?
 6 3 4  31  61.1
(A) 1643/12 (B) 1913/12 (A) 0.51 (B) 0.73 (C) 0.58 (D) 0.64
(C) 1418/12 (D) 2016/12
25. {(12 × 15) – 9.72} ÷ 9 = ?
10  16  (A) 18.82 (B) 18.92
18. 230 – % of  3 of 126 ÷14 − 2 × 6 = ? (C) 18.87 (D) 18.97
7  
(A) 220.4 (B) 226.6 26. 9 – 9 + 9 × 9 ÷ 9 = ?
(C) 230.5 (D) 225.2 (A) 9 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

19. 1256 + {326 +

11
[24 × 15 – 126]} = ? 27. 108 × 24 ÷ 96 + 288 ÷ 48 = ?
13 (A) 31 (B) 32 (C) 33 (D) 34
(A) 1786 (B) 1780
(C) 1632 (D) 1820 28. 6417 – (50% of (7308 – 4689) + 252 ÷ 2) = ?
(A) 2619 (B) 5580
3 (C) 4725 (D) None of these
20. of 3600 ÷ 54 – 130 + 25 × 36% of 200 = ?
4 29. 1700 % of 680 ÷ 34 ÷ 340 = ?
(A) –11110 (B) –12360 (A) 1 (B) 1.1 (C) 0.55 (D) 550
(C) –11315 (D) – 8465
2 3 1
21. 44 × 60 ÷ 80 + 45 ÷ 15 = ? 30. 3 ×2 + = ?
(A) 36 (B) 24 (C) 33 (D) 32 5 5 5
(A) 17/10 (B) 13/5
22. (330 + 12.48% of 144 ) ÷ (33 − 37.51% of 24 ) = ? (C) 45121/125 (D) None of these
(A) 14.5 (B) 12.5
(C) 16.66 (D) 33.33

Exercise – 6(b) Time: 30 min.

Questions 1 to 30: Simplifications

1. (7.692% of 1391 + 6029) ÷ 6.5 = ? 7. 8118 × 5 – ? × 1850 = 7290

(A) 942 (B) 944 (A) 8 (B) 14 (C) 18 (D) 28
(C) 20.8 (D) 474
? 2 × 20 × 14
24 + 6 × 80 8. =4
2. = ? × 7 of 9 ÷ 32 13 2 − 4 × 7 − 1
16 + 4 × 60
(A) 131/32 (B) 315/16 (A) 2 2 (B) 4 (C) 2 (D) 2
(C) 1 (D) 2
9. 7 + 5 – ( 3 ÷ 2 × 1/4) of 2/7 + 7/2 × 1/16 = ?
3  4 (A) 123/88 (B) 2421/24
41  8
3. 11 × 1 ÷1  ÷ 3 =? (C) 1225/224 (D) 121/224
5  29 58  9
(A) 1171/175 (B) 1173/175 10. 30.9 × 3000 - 10.1 × 1100 + 8298 – 4302 = ? × 1000
(C) 1169/175 (D) 1167/175 (A) 80 (B) 90 (C) 105 (D) 85

3 1
4. of 30 [46 + 2 × {1503 ÷ 167 × 20 + (40 – 8)}] = ? 11. 13 + of 182.02 –15.01 × 1.9 = ?
4 25.9
(A) 2675 (B) 9680 (A) –10 (B) –12
(C) 10575 (D) 11625 (C) –15 (D) –11
12. 421 × 0.9 + 130 × 101 + 10000 = ? × 100
5. 3 × [3 + {3 × (3 + (33 ÷ 3))}] = ? (A) 335 (B) 235
(A) 117 (B) 98 (C) 110 (D) 108 (C) 225 (D) 245

6. 60 + 5 × 12 ÷ (180 ÷ 3) = ? 13. 32.92 × 3.5 + 6.41 ÷ 0.4 = ?

(A) 60 (B) 120 (A) 103 (B) 111.8
(C) 13 (D) 61 (C) 131.5 (D) 167.28
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14. ? % of 1200 = 32.01 × 250 + 499.9 × 38 22. 24.4 + 5.6 ÷ 0.05 = ?
(A) 2650 (B) 2250 (A) 146.4 (B) 136.4
(C) 2450 (D) 2360 (C) 60 (D) 600

3.04 2.01 23. (78% of 500) – (24% of 200) =

15. of of 90 = ? (A) 352 (B) 342
8 7
(A) 5 (B) 3 (C) 7 (D) 10 (C) 362 (D) 372

24. 38.02 × 49.99 + 10% of 1503 = ?

2 (A) 2250 (B) 2140
16. 6% of ? + × 715 = 288
7 (C) 2040 (D) 2050
(A) 1420 (B) 1400
(C) 1440 (D) 1350 25. 12.48% of 1140 – 19.83 × 2.99 = ?
(A) 82.5 (B) 75
17. 12½% of 752 = 2 × (?) (C) 77.5 (D) 87.5

( )
(A) 94 (B) 188 (C) 47 (D) 48
26. (162/3% of 602 + 331/3% of 480) ÷ 12 + 12 × 5 = ?
18. 5 – [3/4 + {2½ – (0.5 + 1/6 – 1/7)}] =? (A) 3 (B) 2.5 (C) 2 (D) 3.5
(A) 119/84 (B) 261/84
(C) 223/84 (D) 247/84
27. (34 + 33 of 3–1 + 23 of 2–1) × 14.87 = ?
192 × 9 × (56 × 56 − 4 ) (A) 1290 (B) 1410
19. = ?3 (C) 1380 (D) 1450
54 × 58
(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 24 (D) 3 28. 840 ÷ 30 % of 50 + (–3 1/3) = ?
(A) 72 (B) 140
20. 3/4 × 23/5 ÷ 3/5 of 2/5 – (128/72 ÷ 7/72) = ? (C) 1400 (D) 27
(A) 345/56 (B) 56/345
(C) − 345/56 (D) − 56/345 29. 0.003 × ? × 0.0003 = 0.00000027
(A) 9 (B) 3 (C) 0.3 (D) 0.03
3
21. (55% of 260 + of 268) + 44 = ?
4 30. ? % = 17% of 400 – (40% of 160)
(A) 300 (B) 344 (A) 4 (B) 0.1
(C) 254 (D) 388 (C) 400 (D) 0.4

Key

Exercise – 6(a)
1. C 6. B 11. A 16. D 21. A 26. A
2. D 7. C 12. A 17. B 22. A 27. C
3. D 8. B 13. A 18. D 23. C 28. D
4. B 9. A 14. A 19. B 24. A 29. A
5. A 10. B 15. B 20. A 25. B 30. D

Exercise – 6(b)
1. B 6. D 11. A 16. B 21. D 26. C
2. C 7. C 12. B 17. C 22. B 27. B
3. B 8. C 13. C 18. C 23. B 28. A
4. C 9. C 14. B 19. B 24. D 29. C
5. A 10. D 15. D 20. C 25. A 30. C

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