Your neighbor can use the following types of application software:

1. Word Processing Software – For writing the thesis or report (e.g., Microsoft Word,
Google Docs).

2. Spreadsheet Software – For organizing data and performing statistical analysis (e.g.,
Microsoft Excel).

3. Statistical Analysis Software – For in-depth data analysis (e.g., SPSS, R, Stata).

4. Presentation Software – For preparing slides to present the research findings (e.g.,
Microsoft PowerPoint).

5. Reference Management Software – For organizing citations and references (e.g.,

Mendeley, Zotero, EndNote).

(Any three relevant ones earn the 3 marks.)

b) Steps to Insert Different Page Number Formats in a Document (7 Marks)

Goal: Preliminary pages → Roman numerals (i, ii, iii...)

Main content → Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3...)

Steps:

1. Open the Document – In Microsoft Word, place the cursor at the end of the preliminary
pages.

2. Insert a Section Break – Go to Layout → Breaks → Next Page to separate the two
sections.

3. Insert Page Numbers for Preliminary Pages –

o Go to Insert → Page Number → Format Page Numbers.

o In Number Format, select Roman numerals (i, ii, iii...).

o Click OK.

4. Insert Page Numbers for Main Content –

o Move to the first page of the main content.

o Again go to Insert → Page Number → Format Page Numbers.

o In Number Format, choose Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3...).

 o In Page Numbering, select Start at: 1.

5. Ensure Sections Are Unlinked – Double-click the header/footer area and disable Link to
Previous so both sections have independent numbering.

6. Format and Align – Adjust alignment (left, center, or right) as required.

7. Save and Review – Ensure numbering appears correctly for each section.

c) Functions of an Operating System (10 Marks)

1. Process Management – Handles creation, scheduling, and termination of processes.

2. Memory Management – Allocates and tracks computer memory for programs.

3. File Management – Organizes, stores, retrieves, and manages data on storage devices.

4. Device Management – Controls and coordinates input/output devices like printers,

scanners, and disk drives.

5. User Interface Management – Provides CLI or GUI for interaction between user and
computer.

6. Security and Access Control – Protects data and system resources from unauthorized
access.

7. Error Detection and Handling – Identifies and responds to hardware/software errors.

8. Networking – Manages data communication between computers in a network.

9. Resource Allocation – Distributes CPU time, memory, and I/O devices among running
programs.

10. Job Scheduling – Determines the order in which processes are executed for efficiency.

a) Types of Operations Associated with Computer Files (8 Marks)

1. Creation – Making a new file and allocating storage space for it.

2. Opening – Accessing a file for reading or writing.

3. Reading – Retrieving data from a file.

4. Writing – Adding or updating data in a file.

5. Closing – Ending the file access session to free system resources.

 6. Renaming – Changing the file’s name while keeping its content intact.

7. Copying – Creating a duplicate of the file in another location.

8. Deletion – Removing the file from storage permanently or sending it to recycle bin.

b) Resources that can be Shared within a LAN Network (8 Marks)

1. Files and Data – Shared folders or databases accessible by multiple users.

2. Printers and Scanners – Network printers/scanners used by multiple devices.

3. Internet Connection – Shared through a single router or gateway.

4. Application Software – Centralized applications accessible to connected users.

5. Storage Devices – Network-attached storage (NAS) for backups and shared data.

6. Email and Messaging Services – Internal communication tools.

7. Multimedia Resources – Shared audio/video files for training or entertainment.

8. Processing Power – Distributed computing where tasks are shared among computers.

c) Technological Developments Enabling Work from Home (4 Marks)

1. High-Speed Internet and Broadband – Enables smooth video conferencing and file
sharing.

2. Cloud Computing – Allows access to data and applications from anywhere (e.g., Google
Workspace, Microsoft 365).

3. Video Conferencing Tools – Platforms like Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meet
facilitate remote meetings.

4. Remote Access Software – Tools like VPNs, Remote Desktop, and TeamViewer allow
secure access to workplace systems.

QUESTION FIVE

a) Comparison Between Primary Memory and Secondary Memory (4 Marks)

Feature Primary Memory (RAM/ROM) Secondary Memory (HDD/SSD, etc.)

Speed Very fast Slower than primary memory

Mostly volatile (RAM loses data when power Non-volatile (retains data without
Volatility
is off) power)

Purpose Stores data temporarily during processing Stores data permanently

Cost per GB More expensive Cheaper

b) Steps to Create a Simple PowerPoint Presentation (8 Marks)

1. Open Microsoft PowerPoint – Launch the application.

2. Choose a Blank or Template Presentation – Select a design theme if desired.

3. Add a Title Slide – Click on the first slide and enter title and subtitle.

4. Insert New Slides – Use Home → New Slide to add more slides.

5. Add Content – Insert text, images, charts, or tables as required.

6. Apply Transitions – Go to Transitions tab to add effects between slides.

7. Add Animations – Use the Animations tab to animate text or objects.

8. Save the File – Go to File → Save As, choose location, name the file, and click Save.

c) How Microsoft Access Facilitates Relational Database Management (8 Marks)

Functions:

 Microsoft Access allows users to store related data in multiple tables and link them using
relationships.

 It uses primary keys and foreign keys to enforce data integrity.

Examples of Creating and Maintaining Relationships:

1. Creating Tables – For example, a Students table (StudentID, Name) and a Courses table
(CourseID, CourseName).

2. Defining Primary Keys – StudentID in Students table and CourseID in Courses table.
3. Creating Relationships – Use Database Tools → Relationships to link StudentID in the
Enrollments table to StudentID in the Students table (one-to-many relationship).

4. Maintaining Relationships – Enable Referential Integrity so related records cannot be

deleted accidentally and data remains consistent.