CHAPTER 4

ANALYSIS OF DATA AND RESULT OF THE STUDY

The present study was formulated to identify prominent factors in Team Batting and Bowling Performance among
Playoff Teams of IPL 2025 across different teams and to determine the difference of Batting and Bowling Performance
across the Playoff Teams in IPL 2025. The result and discussion of statistical analysis were presented in this chapter.

Descriptive statistics such as mean, median, mode, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, minimum score, maximum
score, range, 25th percentile score, 50th percentile score, and 75th percentile score were found in order to get the basic
idea of the data distribution.

One-way ANOVA was employed for testing the significant difference on Team Batting and Bowling Performance
among the Playoff Teams of IPL 2025. The calculated p value was tested for level of significance at 0.05.

Since ANOVA indicates only whether a significant difference exists but does not specify between which teams the
differences occur, a Post Hoc test (Tukey HSD) was employed. Post Hoc analysis was carried out to make pairwise
comparisons among the playoff teams in order to identify the exact source of the significant differences in batting and
bowling performance. All the statistical analysis was done by using the statistical package called SPSS (Statistical
Package of Social Science).

4.1 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

In order to get the basic idea of data distribution, descriptive statistics were done, mean median mode, standard
deviation, variance, skewness, kurtosis, minimum score, maximum score, range, 25th percentile, 50th percentile, and 75th
percentile were obtained. Descriptive analysis of Team Batting and Bowling performance variable among Playoff teams
of IPL 2025 were obtained in the following tables. (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,) respectively.
 TABLE 1

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BATTING PERFORMANCE OF PBKS

Average runs Average

Average scored from Average Batting batting strike
Team team runs boundaries wickets lost average per rate per
name per match per match per match match match
N Valid 14 13 13 13 13 13
Missing 0 1 1 1 1 1
Mean 1.00 188.23 123.54 5.85 38.4562 166.7000
Std. Error of Mean .000 13.171 11.319 .608 5.77158 8.12557
Median 1.00 194.00 130.00 6.00 36.5000 171.6700
b b b
Mode 1 219 128 5 11.10 182.50
Std. Deviation .000 47.487 40.810 2.193 20.80972 29.29714
Variance .000 2255.026 1665.436 4.808 433.044 858.323
Std. Error of .597 .616 .616 .616 .616 .616
Skewness
Std. Error of 1.154 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191
Kurtosis
Range 0 147 122 8 77.40 84.82
Minimum 1 98 62 2 11.10 119.35
Maximum 1 245 184 10 88.50 204.17
Sum 14 2447 1606 76 499.93 2167.10
Percentile 25 1.00 156.00 75.00 5.00 22.6750 132.5400
s 50 1.00 194.00 130.00 6.00 36.5000 171.6700
75 1.00 227.50 158.00 7.00 47.9000 189.5850
Skewness -.684 -.292 .287 1.092 -.404
Kurtosis -.388 -1.167 .276 1.627 -1.240
a. Team name = PBKS
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown
 TABLE 2

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BOWLING PERFORMANCE OF PBKS

Average Average
Average runs Average Bowling economy bowling
Team conceded wickets taken average per rate per strike per
name per match per match match match match
N Valid 14 13 13 13 13 13
Missing 0 1 1 1 1 1
Mean 1.00 184.23 6.15 41.2323 9.5731 23.3469
Std. Error of Mean .000 12.685 .715 8.29264 .47756 3.85648
Median 1.00 199.00 7.00 29.8500 9.9500 17.1400
Mode 1 95 7 9.50b 6.26b 17.14
Std. Deviation .000 45.735 2.577 29.89953 1.72187 13.90475
Variance .000 2091.692 6.641 893.982 2.965 193.342
Std. Error of .597 .616 .616 .616 .616 .616
Skewness
Std. Error of 1.154 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191
Kurtosis
Range 0 152 8 114.00 6.09 50.90
Minimum 1 95 2 9.50 6.26 9.10
Maximum 1 247 10 123.50 12.35 60.00
Sum 14 2395 80 536.02 124.45 303.51
Percentile 25 1.00 165.00 4.00 21.7100 8.6450 14.3700
s 50 1.00 199.00 7.00 29.8500 9.9500 17.1400
75 1.00 208.50 8.00 52.5000 10.6100 29.6250
Skewness -1.068 .076 1.778 -.529 1.629
Kurtosis .767 -.962 4.397 .191 3.283
a. Team name = PBKS
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown
 TABLE 3

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BATTING PERFORMANCE OF RCB

Average runs Average

Average batting Average runs scored from number of Team batting
strike rate per scored by the boundaries of wickets fallen average per
Team Name match team per match per match per match match

N Valid 14 13 13 13 13 13

Missing 0 1 1 1 1 1

Mean 2.00 160.4931 181.31 118.00 5.46 47.3392

Std. Error of Mean .000 6.79180 9.656 8.277 .722 11.45787

Median 2.00 163.3300 177.00 114.00 5.00 41.2500

Mode 2 113.10b 95b 92 5 10.55b

Std. Deviation .000 24.48818 34.815 29.844 2.602 41.31195

Variance .000 599.671 1212.064 890.667 6.769 1706.677

Std. Error of Skewness .597 .616 .616 .616 .616 .616

Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191

Range 0 92.26 135 104 9 164.45

Minimum 2 113.10 95 60 1 10.55

Maximum 2 205.36 230 164 10 175.00

Sum 28 2086.41 2357 1534 71 615.41

Percentiles 25 2.00 140.7700 164.00 94.00 3.50 22.2050

50 2.00 163.3300 177.00 114.00 5.00 41.2500

75 2.00 179.0550 209.00 141.00 7.50 55.2500

Skewness -.137 -1.027 -.085 .203 2.753

Kurtosis .047 2.213 -.140 -.579 8.809

a. Team Name = RCB
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

TABLE 4

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BOWLING PERFORMANCE OF RCB

 Average runs Average Bowling Average Average
conceded per wickets taken average per economy rate bowling strike
Team name match per match match per match per match

N Valid 14 13 13 13 13 13

Missing 0 1 1 1 1 1

Mean 2.00 178.54 5.92 37.5754 9.3285 23.1162

Std. Error of Mean .000 10.070 .645 5.85825 .37764 3.35000

Median 2.00 173.00 6.00 31.4000 9.4800 20.0000

Mode 2 98b 8 18.25b 7.30b 15.00

Std. Deviation .000 36.308 2.326 21.12221 1.36160 12.07861

Variance .000 1318.269 5.410 446.148 1.854 145.893

Std. Error of Skewness .597 .616 .616 .616 .616 .616

Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191 1.191

Range 0 133 7 66.75 4.25 40.17

Minimum 2 98 2 18.25 7.30 13.33

Maximum 2 231 9 85.00 11.55 53.50

Sum 28 2321 77 488.48 121.27 300.51

Percentiles 25 2.00 159.50 4.00 22.4450 8.0800 14.8000

50 2.00 173.00 6.00 31.4000 9.4800 20.0000

75 2.00 210.00 8.00 42.7500 10.5000 28.3750

Skewness -.512 -.125 1.429 .253 1.625

Kurtosis .724 -1.225 1.332 -1.046 2.374

a. Team name = RCB

b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

TABLE 5

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BATTING PERFORMANCE OF GT

 Average runs Average
Average runs scored from number of Team batting
Team strike rate scored by the boundaries of wickets fallen average per
Team Name per match team per match per match per match match
N Valid 14 14 14 14 14 13
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mean 3.00 165.0429 191.71 116.86 5.14 42.6762
Std. Error of Mean .000 5.09532 7.487 6.144 .755 5.87007
Median 3.00 166.6650 200.00 124.00 5.50 37.3300
b
Mode 3 128.95 147 126 3b 14.70b
Std. Deviation .000 19.06495 28.012 22.988 2.825 21.16485
Variance .000 363.472 784.681 528.440 7.978 447.951
Std. Error of Skewness .597 .597 .597 .597 .597 .616
Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.191
Range 0 64.38 85 78 10 70.30
Minimum 3 128.95 147 78 0 14.70
Maximum 3 193.33 232 156 10 85.00
Sum 42 2310.60 2684 1636 72 554.79
Percentiles 25 3.00 152.2500 165.75 96.00 3.00 23.4700
50 3.00 166.6650 200.00 124.00 5.50 37.3300
75 3.00 180.0725 211.00 131.00 7.25 59.1250
Skewness -.584 -.501 -.311 .022 .596
Kurtosis -.236 -.906 -.637 -.534 -.445
a. Team Name = GT
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

TABLE 6

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BOWLING PERFORMANCE OF GT

Average runs Average Bowling Average Average

conceded per wickets taken average per economy rate bowling strike
Team name match per match match per match per match
N Valid 14 14 14 14 14 14
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 3.00 189.14 5.93 43.5007 9.6614 25.0964
Std. Error of Mean .000 8.491 .675 8.60041 .51060 3.85574
Median 3.00 186.00 6.00 28.8350 9.4200 20.0000
Mode 3 159b 8 15.90b 7.16b 15.00
Std. Deviation .000 31.770 2.526 32.17977 1.91050 14.42685
Variance .000 1009.363 6.379 1035.538 3.650 208.134
Std. Error of Skewness .597 .597 .597 .597 .597 .597
Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154
Range 0 91 8 101.60 6.23 48.40
Minimum 3 152 2 15.90 7.16 11.60
Maximum 3 243 10 117.50 13.39 60.00
Sum 42 2648 83 609.01 135.26 351.35
Percentiles 25 3.00 159.00 3.75 20.8150 7.9875 15.0000
50 3.00 186.00 6.00 28.8350 9.4200 20.0000
75 3.00 216.50 8.00 52.2825 11.5625 31.9375
Skewness .441 -.241 1.548 .588 1.473
Kurtosis -1.229 -1.038 1.560 -.742 1.448
a. Team name = GT
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

TABLE 7

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BATTING PERFORMANCE OF MI

Average runs Average runs Average

scored by the scored from number of Team batting
Team strike team per boundaries of wickets fallen average per
Team Name rate per match match per match per match match
N Valid 14 14 14 14 14 14

Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mean 4.00 157.2843 177.21 115.71 5.36 48.6439

Std. Error of Mean .000 5.36191 7.625 7.180 .692 11.66403

Median 4.00 156.2300 178.50 112.00 5.50 33.3550

Mode 4 121.67b 155 82b 5 17.22b

Std. Deviation .000 20.06245 28.528 26.866 2.590 43.64279

Variance .000 402.502 813.874 721.758 6.709 1904.693

Std. Error of Skewness .597 .597 .597 .597 .597 .597

Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154

Range 0 66.63 96 74 8 159.78

Minimum 4 121.67 121 82 1 17.22

Maximum 4 188.30 217 156 9 177.00

Sum 56 2201.98 2481 1620 75 681.02

Percentiles 25 4.00 145.4950 155.00 89.00 2.75 25.5150

50 4.00 156.2300 178.50 112.00 5.50 33.3550

75 4.00 175.4200 206.00 146.50 7.25 51.6275

Skewness -.238 -.244 .324 -.243 2.394

Kurtosis -.709 -.566 -1.249 -.955 5.848

a. Team Name = MI
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

TABLE 8

DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF TEAM BATTING PERFORMANCE OF MI

 Average runs Average Bowling Average Average
conceded per wickets taken average per economy rate bowling strike
Team name match per match match per match per match
N Valid 14 14 14 14 14 14
Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mean 4.00 164.36 7.50 27.2650 8.5921 17.3829
Std. Error of Mean .000 8.910 .635 3.79935 .37957 2.04301
Median 4.00 161.50 8.00 26.4700 8.1700 15.0000
b
Mode 4 116 10 11.60b 6.60 b
15.00b
Std. Deviation .000 33.337 2.378 14.21587 1.42023 7.64426
Variance .000 1111.324 5.654 202.091 2.017 58.435
Std. Error of Skewness .597 .597 .597 .597 .597 .597
Std. Error of Kurtosis 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154 1.154
Range 0 105 7 50.73 4.45 27.30
Minimum 4 116 3 11.60 6.60 9.70
Maximum 4 221 10 62.33 11.05 37.00
Sum 56 2301 105 381.71 120.29 243.36
Percentiles 25 4.00 137.50 5.00 15.1000 7.2175 11.3000
50 4.00 161.50 8.00 26.4700 8.1700 15.0000
75 4.00 193.75 10.00 33.3025 10.1200 24.0000
Skewness -.020 -.421 1.102 .317 1.379
Kurtosis -.986 -1.054 1.543 -1.286 2.056
a. Team name = MI
b. Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

4.2 ONE-WAY ANOVA

One-way Anova of batting and bowling performance variables among the playoff teams of IPL 2025 was carried out.
The analysis done for all four teams to test the significance of difference in mean values of batting and bowling
indicators. In the process of One Way Anova, the F-ratio and significance values were obtained and the results are
presented in the following tables (9,10)
TABLE 9
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF BATTING PERFROMANCE AMONG PLAY-OFF TEAMS OF IPL 2025

Sum of Mean
Squares df Square F Sig.
Average team runs per Between 1921.971 3 640.657 .510 .677
match Groups
Within Groups 62861.363 50 1257.227
 Total 64783.333 53
Average runs scored Between 479.531 3 159.844 .170 .916
from boundaries per Groups
match Within Groups 46925.802 50 938.516
Total 47405.333 53
Average wickets lost per Between 3.482 3 1.161 .176 .912
match Groups
Within Groups 329.852 50 6.597
Total 333.333 53
Batting average per Between 862.294 3 287.431 .252 .859
match Groups
Within Groups 55813.078 49 1139.042
Total 56675.372 52
Average batting strike Between 751.588 3 250.529 .456 .714
rate per match Groups
Within Groups 27453.589 50 549.072
Total 28205.176 53

TABLE 10
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF BOWLING PERFROMANCE AMONG PLAY-OFF TEAMS OF IPL 2025

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

Average runs conceded Between 4800.514 3 1600.171 1.168 .331

per match Groups

Within Groups 68488.467 50 1369.769

Total 73288.981 53

Average wickets taken per Between Groups 23.789 3 7.930 1.317 .279
match
Within Groups 301.044 50 6.021

Total 324.833 53

Bowling average per Between Groups 2150.087 3 716.696 1.114 .352

 match Within Groups 32170.727 50 643.415

Total 34320.814 53

Average economy rate per Between Groups 9.808 3 3.269 1.243 .304
match
Within Groups 131.497 50 2.630

Total 141.305 53

Average bowling strike Between Groups 470.330 3 156.777 1.040 .383

per match
Within Groups 7536.212 50 150.724

Total 8006.542 53

4.3 POST HOC TEST

Post Hoc Test was employed to examine the differences in batting and bowling performance variables among the
playoff teams of IPL 2025. The test was conducted to determine the specific variations in mean values of the selected
performance indicators and to identify which teams differed significantly from one another. This analysis provided a
clearer understanding of team-wise comparisons in batting and bowling effectiveness. The results of the Post Hoc Test
are presented in Table
4.3.1 POST HOC TEST RESULTS OF BATTING PERFORMANCE AMONG PLAYOFF TEAMS OF IPL 2025

Team average runs Group Mean Difference Standard Error Significant

conceded per match Difference
PBKS -RCB 5.692 14.517 .979