SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER - 2
Social Science (087)
Class IX (2025-26)
Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80
General Instructions:
1. There are 38 questions in the Question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. The question paper has Four Sections - A-History, B-Geography C-Political Science, and D-Economics.
3. Each Section is of 20 Marks and has MCQs, VSA, SA, LAs and CBQ.
4. Very Short Answer Type Questions (VSA), carry 2 marks each. Answers to each question should not exceed 40
words.
5. Short Answer Type Questions (SA), carry 3 marks each. Answers to each question should not exceed 60 words.
6. Long answer type questions (LA), carry 5 marks each. Answers to each question should not exceed 120 words.
7. There are case based questions (CBQ) with three sub questions and are of 4 marks each. Answers to each question
should not exceed 100 words.
8. The map-based questions, carry 5 marks with two parts- Q9. In Section A-History (2 marks) and Q19. In Section
B -Geography (3 marks)
9. There is no overall choice in the question paper. However, an internal choice has been provided in few questions.
Only one of the choices in such questions must be attempted.
SECTION A HISTORY (20 marks)
1. Which Treaty ended World War 1? [1]
a) Treaty of Vienna b) Treaty of Versailles
c) Treaty of Brussles d) Treaty of Austria
2. On the given map of France, A is marked as a place where troops entered following the King's command. [1]
Identify it from the following options.
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a) Paris b) Nantes
c) Bastille d) Marseillaise
3. The US entered the 2nd World War due to [1]
a) Trying to capture Bavaria b) Annexation of Poland
c) Japan bombed Pearl Harbor d) Aerial bombing on London
4. Who propounded the idea of a communist society? [1]
a) Robert Owen b) Rousseau
c) Karl Marx d) Napoleon
5. How was the National Assembly recognized and how did it start exercising its powers? [2]
OR
How did France saw the subsistence crises during the old regime?
6. Differentiate between the ideas of liberals, radicals and conservatives. [3]
OR
Highlight the vision of different socialists regarding the future of Russia.
7. Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France. [5]
OR
Which incident had led to the outbreak of the revolution in France?
8. Read the given text and answer the following questions: [4]
Jews remained the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany. Nazi hatred of Jews had a precursor in the traditional
Christian hostility towards Jews. Until medieval times Jews were barred from owning land. They survived
mainly through trade and moneylending. They lived in separately marked areas called ghettos. They were often
persecuted through periodic organised violence, and expulsion from the land. However, Hitler’s hatred of Jews
was based on pseudoscientific theories of race, which held that conversion was no solution to ‘the Jewish
problem’. It could be solved only through their total elimination.
i. Write a line with reference to ‘The Eternal Jew’?
ii. What was the reason for Nazi hatred for Jews.
iii. What legal measures were adopted for Jewish exclusion apart from the citizenship laws?
9. Two places A and B have been marked on the given outline map of the world. Identify them and write their [2]
correct names on the lines drawn near them
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A. Central power
B. Louis XVI ascended the throne in 1774
SECTION B GEOGRAPHY (20 marks)
10. At what place do the Ganga and Yamuna rivers have their confluence? [1]
a) Allahabad b) Dehradun
c) Haridwar d) Kolkata
11. Name the meridian with the help of given information: [1]
It used for calculating time throughout most of the world. In India, it is located at 82°30' E longitude which
decides the local time of India. It decides the local time of India and passes through five Indian states.
a) Greenwich Meridian b) Standard Meridian
c) All of these d) Prime Meridian
12. On the physical map of India, A and B are marked as two parallel ranges of central India. Identify it from the [1]
following options.
a) Aravali Hills and Vindhya range b) Satpura range and Shiwaliks
c) Vindhya Range and Satpura range d) Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats
13. Name the country with the help of given clues: [1]
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i. It is one of the neighbouring countries of India.
ii. It lies in the South-east of India.
iii. It is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.
a) Maldives b) Nepal
c) Bhutan d) Srilanka
14. Which of the following place of India is located on the three seas? [1]
a) Madurai b) Vishakapatnam
c) Kanyakumari d) Kochi
15. A winding curve or bend in a river is known as: [1]
a) Braided stream b) Delta
c) Cut-offs d) Meander
16. Name the three section into which the Northern plain has been divided. Write one feature of each. [2]
17. How have been mountain passes been helpful in India since historic times? Explain. [5]
OR
India has had strong geographical and historical links with its neighbours. comment.
18. Read the extracts and answer the question that follows: [4]
The Lakshadweep Islands group lies close to the Malabar coast of Kerala. This group of islands is composed of
small coral islands. Earlier they were known as Laccadive, Minicoy and Amindive. In 1973 these were named
Lakshadweep. It covers a small area of 32 sq km. Kavaratti Island is the administrative headquarters of
Lakshadweep. This island group has a great diversity of flora and fauna. The Pitti island, which is uninhabited,
has a bird sanctuary.
Coral polyps are short-lived microscopic organisms, which live in colonies. They flourish in shallow, mud-free
and warm waters. They secrete calcium carbonate. The coral secretion and their skeletons from coral deposits in
the form of reefs: they are mainly of three kinds: barrier reef. fringing reef and atolls. The Great Barrier Reef of
Australia is a good example of the first kind of coral reefs. Atolls are circular or horse-shoe shaped coral reefs.
The elongated chain of islands is located in the Bay of Bengal extending from north to south. These are
Andaman and Nicobar islands. They are bigger in size and are more numerous and scattered. The entire group of
islands is divided into two broad categories – The Andaman in the north and the Nicobar in the south. It is
believed that these islands are an elevated portion of submarine mountains. These island groups are of great
strategic importance for the country. There is great diversity of flora and fauna in this group of islands too. These
islands lie close to equator and experience equatorial climate and have thick forest cover.
Questions:
i. Name the island group of India having a Coral origin?
ii. In which habitat the Coral polyps flourish? Where is such habitat found?
iii. Write any two features of an elongated chain of islands.
19. On the outline map of India, locate and label the following with suitable Symbols. [3]
I. Any one of the following:
i. Dachigam - Wildlife Sanctuaries
ii. The Satluj - The Himalayan River Systems
II. Any two of the following:
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iii. Malwa Plateau - Plateau
iv. Wular - Lakes
v. Coastal Plains - Konkan
SECTION C POLITICAL SCIENCE (20 marks)
20. Can Prime Minister appoint a person as a minister if he/she is not a member of House ? [1]
A. Yes but such a person has to get elected to one of the House of the Parliament within six month of
appointment as minister.
B. No, Prime Minister can appoint only those members who are member of either House of the Parliament.
a) A is false but B is true b) Both A and B are true
c) Both A and B are false d) A is true but B is false
21. Political leaders come under [1]
a) Temporary executive b) Long term executive
c) Permanent executive d) Political executive
22. Which one of the following is a demerit of democracy? [1]
a) Free and fair election b) Democracy leads to delays in decision
making
c) Rule of law d) Equality
23. Assertion (A): The Preamble of the Indian Constitution bears some historic values. [1]
Reason (R): These are the values that inspired and guided the freedom struggle.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.
24. When was the Constitution completed and why was it imposed on 26 January, 1950? [2]
25. Mention any three provisions which makes Election Commission an independent body. [2]
26. The Constitution does not give people their religion. Then, how can it give people the Right to Practise their [3]
Religion?
27. Elections in China do not represent people's verdict. Explain. [5]
OR
Write any five features of Democratic government.
28. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Despite all these difficulties, there was one big advantage for the makers of the Indian Constitution. Unlike
South Africa, they did not have to create a consensus about what a democratic India should look like. Much of
this consensus had evolved during the freedom struggle. Our national movement was not merely a struggle
against a foreign rule. It was also a struggle to rejuvenate our country and to transform our society and politics.
There were sharp differences of opinion within the freedom struggle about the path India should take after
Independence. Such differences exist even today. Yet some basic ideas had come to be accepted by almost
everyone. Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India. The resolution at the
Karachi session of the Indian National Congress dwelt on how independent India’s constitution should look like.
Both these documents were committed to the inclusion of universal adult franchise, right to freedom and
equality and to protecting the rights of minorities in the constitution of independent India. Thus some basic
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values were accepted by all leaders much before the Constituent Assembly met to deliberate on the Constitution.
The familiarity with political institutions of the colonial rule also helped develop an agreement over the
institutional design. The British rule had given voting rights only to a few. On that basis, the British had
introduced very weak legislatures. Elections were held to Provincial Legislatures and Ministries all over British
India. These were not fully democratic governments. But the experience gained by Indians in the working of the
legislative institutions proved to be very useful for the country in setting up its own institutions and working in
them. That is why the Indian constitution adopted many institutional details and procedures from colonial laws
like the Government of India Act. Years of thinking and deliberation on the framework of the constitution had
another benefit. Our leaders gained the confidence to learn from other countries, but on our own terms. Many of
our leaders were inspired by the ideals of the French Revolution, the practice of parliamentary democracy in
Britain, and the Bill of Rights in the US. The socialist revolution in Russia had inspired many Indians to think of
shaping a system based on social and economic equality. Yet they were not simply imitating what others had
done. At each step, they were questioning whether these things suited our country. All these factors contributed
to the making of our Constitution.
i. Mention one feature that was accepted by all the Indian leaders much before they sat down to make the
Constitution. (1)
ii. As per which government act were the 1937 elections of provincial legislatures in India held? (1)
iii. How did the basic structure of the future Indian Constitution evolve? In which session of INC was it drafted?
(2)
SECTION D ECONOMICS (20 marks)
29. The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government-regulated ration shops among the poorer [1]
section of the society. This is called the ________.
a) AAY b) MSP
c) FCI d) PDS
30. Find the odd one out from the following options [1]
a. Farming, Animal husbandry, Fishing, Dairy
b. Fishing, Dairy, Doctors, Teachers
c. Insurance, Courier, Transportation, Banking
d. Transportation, Banking, Tailor, Priest
a) Option (c) b) Option (d)
c) Option (a) d) Option (b)
31. Fill in the blank: [1]
Poverty alleviation scheme Year of launching scheme
Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yozana 2000
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act ?
a) 2005 b) 2008
c) 2004 d) 2001
32. Through which factor or factors investment in human capital is done? [1]
a) Training and Development b) Education, training, medical care
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c) Education and Career planning d) Only medical care
33. Read the given table that shows some important features of PDS in India. Read the data and select the [1]
appropriate option from the following.
Year of Coverage target Issue Price
Name of Scheme Latest Volume
introduction group (Rs per kg.)
Wheat (W):
PDS Up to 1992 Universal - 2.34
Rice (R): 2.89
Wheat: 2.80
RPDS 1992 Backward blocks 20 kg of foodgrains
Rice: 3.77
BPL
W: 4.15, R:
Poor and non-poor
5.65
TDPS 1997 BPL 35 kg of foodgrains
APL
APL
W: 6.10, R:
8.30
Wheat: 2.00
National Food Security Act 5 kg per person per Rice: 3.00
2013 Priority households
(NFSA) month Coarse grains:
1.00
[Source: Economic Survey]
The target of which scheme was to provide the benefits of PDS to remote and backward areas?
a) PDS b) NFSA
c) TDPS d) RPDS
34. Village Palampur is situated about 10 kilometres west of Surat. In a village, males of families work as labourers [1]
while the females are responsible for household jobs. The income of all the families in the village is meagre.
Subsequently, the programme was launched by the government. Under this programme, a collective group was
formed by 15 women. Each member of the group deposits Rs. 100 as savings every month. To meet their needs,
members can take small loans from the group itself or through a mix of bank credit and government subsidy.
Based on the above case, name the programme by which government organised women into self-help groups.
a) Rural Employment Generation Programme b) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
c) Prime Minister Rozgar Yozana d) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yozana
35. What has our government done to provide food security to the poor? Discuss any two schemes launched by the [3]
government?
36. How has Japan become a developed country despite being poor in natural resources? Explain. [3]
37. How have the various activities been classified into sectors? Give one example from each other? [3]
38. Explain some measures which have been taken by the government to remove poverty. [5]
OR
'Poverty is a curse upon humanity'. Explain.
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Solution
SECTION A HISTORY (20 marks)
1.
(b) Treaty of Versailles
Explanation:
The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War 1 to an end. The Treaty ended the
state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. Germany was demilitarized and had to pay a huge amount of
compensation.
2. (a) Paris
Explanation:
Paris
3.
(c) Japan bombed Pearl Harbor
Explanation:
When Japan extended its support to Germany and bombed the US base at Pearl Harbor, US entered the 2nd World War.
4.
(c) Karl Marx
Explanation:
Karl Marx
5. A. Faced with the power of his revolting subjects, Louis XVI finally accorded recognition to the National Assembly and accepted
the principal that his powers would from now on be checked by constitution.
B. On the night of 4 August 1789, the Assembly passed a decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes.
C. Members of the clergy too were forced to give up their privileges. Tithes were abolished and lands owned by the church were
confiscated.
OR
A. The rapid increase in population from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789 led to rapid increase in the demand for food
grains.
B. Production of food grains could not keep pace with the demand.
C. Price of bread was increased. Wages also did not keep pace with the rise of [Link] the gap between poor and rich widened.
D. Things became worse whenever drought or hail reduced the harvest. This led to subsistence crises.
6. (i) Liberals :
They believed in changing the society. They wanted a nation which tolerated all religions. They wanted to safeguard the rights of
individuals against government. However, they thought that only propertied men should have the right to vote. They also did not
want women to vote.
(ii) Radicals:
In contrast, they believed in the rule of majority of the country’s population. They opposed the privileges of the landowners and
factory owners and supported women’s right to vote.
(iii) Conservatives:
They opposed both the liberals and radicals. Earlier they opposed any kind of change but by the nineteenth century, they accepted
the change but believed that the past has to be respected and change had to be brought through a slow process.
OR
A. Englishman Robert Owen wanted to build a cooperative community.
B. Frenchman Louis Blanc wanted the government to create cooperatives.
C. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engel put forward the view that the industrial society was capitalist. They wanted to overthrow
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capitalism and rule of private property.
D. They also wanted workers to construct a communist society where all property was socially controlled.
7. The circumstances that caused an outbreak of revolutionary protest in France were:
Social Inequality: French society in the eighteenth century was divided into three estates namely Clergy, Nobility, and the
Third estates which comprised peasants, officials, and small businessmen. The Third Estates only had to pay taxes while
clergy and nobility were exempted.
Subsistence Crisis: The population of France increased from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789. Food grains were
in great demand. Prices of bread shot up. Wages did not keep pace with rising prices. All this situation led to a subsistence
crisis.
Economic Problems: Long years of war had drained the financial resources of France. To meet its regular expenses, such
as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, and running government offices or universities, the state was forced to
increase taxes.
Strong Middle Class: The middle class emerged as an educated and wealthy class during the eighteenth century. They
believed that no group in society should be privileged by birth. Ideas of equality and freedom were put forward by
philosophers. The ideas of these philosophers were discussed intensively in salons and coffee houses and spread among
people.
Immediate Cause: On 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called an assembly of Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes.
Third estates protested against this proposal but as each estate have one vote the king rejected this appeal. They walked
out of the Assembly.
OR
The incidents leading to the outbreak of the revolution were:-
i. Meeting of the Estates General: On 5 May 1789, Louis XVI called for a meeting to propose new taxes. Representatives of
all the three estates reached there, but members of the third estate had to stand at the back, as they were not offered any seat.
Peasants, artisans and women were denied entry to the assembly.
ii. Demand for Universal Adult Franchise: Members of the third estate demanded the power for each member to vote. When
the King rejected the demand, members of the third estate walked out of the assembly to protest.
iii. Meeting of the newly formed National Assembly: Since the percentage of the third estate was more, they considered
themselves as spokesmen for the whole French nation. They assembled in an indoor tennis court of Versailles and declared
themselves as the 'National Assembly'. They believed in removing the feudal privileges of the nobles and clergy.
iv. Revolt by peasants: The countryside rumours spread from village to village that their ripe crops would be destroyed by hired
bands of lords of manors. Peasants in several districts seized hoes and attacked the residences of their manors. They looted,
hoarded grain and burnt down documents containing records of manorial dues.
v. Fall of Bastille prison: During this political turmoil, the French had experienced severe winters leading to bad harvest. It
increased the price of bread, which was hoarded in the market. Angry women attacked the shops. At the same time, the King
ordered troops to move into Paris. On 14 July 1789, the agitated crowd stormed and destroyed the Bastille prison.
8. i. ‘The Eternal Jew’ was one of the most infamous propaganda films that were made to create hatred for Jews.
ii. The Nazi hatred had a precursor in the traditional Christian hostility. Jews were stereotyped as killers of Christ and usurers.
iii. Apart from the Nuremberg Laws of citizenship other legal measures of exclusion were: (a) Boycott of Jewish businesses (b)
Expulsion from government services (c) Forced selling and confiscation of their properties.
9. A. Ottoman empire
B. France
SECTION B GEOGRAPHY (20 marks)
10. (a) Allahabad
Explanation:
The river Yamuna rises from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas. It flows parallel to the Ganga and as a right-bank
tributary, meets the Ganga at Allahabad.
11.
(b) Standard Meridian
Explanation:
The meridian used to determine the standard time of a location is called the standard meridian. 82°30' E longitude is the
standard meridian of India which decides the local time of India. It passes through five Indian states.
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12.
(c) Vindhya Range and Satpura range
Explanation:
The Vindhyan range is bounded by the Satpura range on the south and the Aravalis on the northwest.
13.
(d) Srilanka
Explanation:
Sri Lanka lies to the South-east of India. It is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and the
Gulf of Mannar while Maldives Islands are situated to the south of the Lakshadweep Islands. Nepal and Bhutan in the north.
14.
(c) Kanyakumari
Explanation:
Kanyakumari
15.
(d) Meander
Explanation:
Meander
16. The Northern plain is broadly divided into the following three sections and their features are as follow:
i. Punjab Plain: It covers the Western part of Northern plains.
ii. Ganga Plain: It extends between Ganga and Teesta rivers.
iii. Brahmaputra Plain: It lies mostly in the State of Assam.
17. [Link] is bounded by the young fold mountains in the northwest, north and north east.
[Link] various passes across the mountains in the north the norths have provided passages to the ancient travelers.
[Link] routes have contributed in the exchange of ideas and commodities since ancient times.
[Link] idea of Upanishads and Ramayana, the stories of Panchtantra, the Indian numeral and the decimal system thus could reach
parts of the world.
[Link] spices, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries.
OR
India held an important position in the ancient world. It has also strong geographical and historical links with her neighbouring
countries.
i. The various passes across the Himalayas have provided gateways to many ancient travellers, while the ocean restricted such
interaction. These routes have contributed in exchange of idea and commodities since ancient times.
ii. Due to India’s unique position in Asia, the ancient land routes, including the famous ‘Silk Route’, passed through the Indian
subcontinent.
iii. The ideas of the Upanishads, the Ramayana, the stories of Panchatantra, the Indian numerals as well as decimal system
reached many parts of the world.
iv. India's silk, spices, handicraft,, muslin and other merchandise were taken from India to different countries.
v. The Greeks influenced India with their contributions in the field of sculpture and science and West Asians influenced with
their architectural styles of domes, arches, and minarets.
18. i. The Lakshadweep Islands.
ii. Coral polyps flourish in a habitat consisting of shallow water, which does not have mud. This kind of habitat is found in
Lakshadweep islands.
iii. Features of an elongated chain of islands are: (Any two relevant points)
a. It is believed that these islands are an elevated portion of submarine mountains.
b. These island groups are of great strategic importance for the country.
c. There is a great diversity of flora and fauna in this group of islands too.
d. These islands lie close to the equator and experience equatorial climate and have thick forest cover.
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19.
SECTION C POLITICAL SCIENCE (20 marks)
20.
(d) A is true but B is false
Explanation:
The Prime Minister is free to choose ministers, as long as they are members of [Link], a person who is not a
member of Parliament can also become a minister. But such a person has to get elected to one of the Houses of the Parliament
within six months of appointment as minister.
Hence A is true but B is false
21.
(d) Political executive
Explanation:
A politician who is elected by the people for a specific period is called the political executive. Political leaders who take big
decisions fall into this category.
22.
(b) Democracy leads to delays in decision making
Explanation:
This is the demerit of democracy, because usually in democracy decision -making takes much time.
23. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Values that inspired and guided the freedom struggle and were in turn nurtured by it, formed the foundation for India’s
democracy. These values are embedded in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. They guide all the 28 articles of the
Indian Constitution. The Constitution begins with a short statement of its basic values. This is called the Preamble to the
constitution.
24. A. The Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949 but it came into effect on January 26, 1950.
B. It was effective on January 26, 1950 with a democratic government system, completing the country's transition towards
becoming an independent republic.
C. To mark this day, we celebrate January 26 as Republic Day every year.
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25. (i) The Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) is appointed by the President of India. But once appointed, the Chief Election
Commissioner is not answerable to the President or the government.
(ii) During the election period, the EC can order the government to follow some guidelines, to prevent use and misuse of
governmental power to enhance its chances to win elections, or to transfer some government officials.
(iii) When on election duty, government officers work under the control of the EC and not the government.
26. It is true that the Constitution does not give the people their religion. However, it does not prevent the people from the Right to
Practice their Religion, because the Constitution provides every person with a right to profess, practice and propagate the religion
he or she believes in. Every religious group or section is the tree to manage its religious affairs. The Constitution, therefore,
provides conditions to the citizens under which they can follow and practice their religion with freedom.
27. In China, elections are held regularly after every five years for electing the country's Parliament, called the National People's
Congress, but the government is always formed by the Communist Party. The National People's Congress has the power to
appoint the President of the country. In China, a candidate standing for election needs the approval of the Chinese Communist
Party. He must either belong to the Communist party or one of its eight affiliates. Thus, the elections do not offer the people any
serious choice, as it is a one-party election and all voters must vote for this party only. This parliament has nearly 3000 members
elected from all over China, however, some members are elected by the army. Thus, it cannot be called a true democracy.
OR
A. People have political rights. They take part in an election process on the basis of Universal Adult Franchise.
B. Democratic government is accountable and responsive to the needs of people.
C. There are free and fair elections. People participate in them without any restriction.
D. People also participate in the functioning of decision making.
E. Representatives are elected for the fixed tenure of time.
F. People are not subjects of the ruler, they are rulers themselves.
28. i. The inclusion of Universal Adult Franchise was accepted by all the Indian leaders much before they sat down to make the
Constitution
ii. According to the Government of India Act, 1935 the elections were held to provincial legislatures in India in 1937.
iii. Much of the consensus had evolved during the freedom struggle. Besides being a freedom struggle, our national movement
was also a struggle to rejuvenate our country and transform our society and politics. Some of the basic ideas for the Indian
Constitution had come to be accepted by almost everyone. Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a
constitution for India at the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress.
SECTION D ECONOMICS (20 marks)
29.
(d) PDS
Explanation:
The food procured by the FCI is distributed through government-regulated ration shops among the poorer section of the
society. This is called PDS(Public Distribution System)
30.
(d) Option (b)
Explanation:
Fishing, Dairy, Doctors, Teachers because doctors and teachers are does not belong to primary sector.
31. (a) 2005
Explanation:
2005
32.
(b) Education, training, medical care
Explanation:
Investment in human capital (through education, training, medical care) yields a return just like investment in physical capital.
33.
(d) RPDS
Explanation:
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In 1992, Revamped Public Distribution System (RPDS) was introduced in 1,700 blocks in the country. The target was to
provide the benefits of PDS to remote and backward areas.
34.
(b) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
Explanation:
Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) was launched in 1999. The programme aims at bringing the assisted poor
families above the poverty line by organising them into self-help groups through a mix of bank credit and government subsidy.
35. The food security is ensured in India by the Government by carefully designed food security system. This system is composed of
two components:
a. Maintaining a Buffer Stock of food grains,
b. Through the distribution of these food grains among the poorer sections of the society with the help of a Public Distribution
System (PDS).
In addition to the above, the Government has launched several Poverty Alleviation Programmes (PAP) that comprise a component
of food security. Some of these programmes are - Mid-Day Meals, Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY), and Food-For-Work (FFW)
etc.
Two schemes launched by the government to provide food security to the poor are:
→ Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY): This scheme was launched in December 2000. Under this scheme one crore of the poorer
among the BPL families, covered by the Public Distribution System (PDS) were identified. Twenty-five kilograms of food grains
were made available to each of the eligible family at a highly subsidized rate. After about two years, the quantity was enhanced
from 25 kg to 35 kg. In June 2003, and August 2004, additional 50 lakh families were added to this scheme twice. In this way
about 2 crore families have been brought under the AAY.
→ Food for Work (FFW): This programme was launched in November 2004 in 150 most backward districts of the country. The
main objective of this scheme is to intensify the generation of supplementary wage employment. This scheme is open to all rural
poor who are willing to do unskilled labour. In return of the work, the workers are supplied foodgrains or money as they like.
36. Despite poor in natural resources, Japan has become a developed country due to following reasons-
i. It has invested in human resources.
ii. It imports its required materials for its industries as it is not able to produce on its own.
iii. The efficiency and hard work of its people have made them rich.
iv. Their latest technology has helped them to become a leading manufacturer in the world.
v. It has invested in the field of health and education.
37. Various activities classified into three sectors are:
i. Primary sector: These activities harvest or extract natural products from the Earth. It involves the production of raw
materials and food products e.g. agriculture, dairy farming, mining etc.
ii. Secondary sector: These activities involve the manufacturing of finished goods e.g. construction.
iii. Tertiary sector: All activities which support the Primary and Secondary sectors with services belong to this sector e.g.
transportation, banking, trade etc.
38. The government has launched various poverty alleviation schemes to control poverty.
(i) National Rural Employ-ment Guarantee Act (NREGA) 2005: It was passed in September 2005. The Act provides 100 days
assured employment every year to every rural household in 200 [Link] the programme, if an applicant is not provided
employment within fifteen days, he/she will be entitled to a daily unemployment allowance.
(ii) National Food for Work Programme (NFWP): It was launched in 2004 in 150 most backward districts of the country. The
programme is open to all rural poor, who are in need of wage employment, and desire to do manual unskilled work. It is
implemented as a 100 per cent centrally sponsored scheme, and food grains are provided free of cost to the states.
(iii) The Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY): It was started in 1993. The aim of the programme is to create self-
employment opportunities for the educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns. They are helped in setting up small
business and industries.
(iv) Rural Employment Generation Programme (REGP): It was launched in 1995. The aim of the programme is to create self-
employment opportunities in rural areas and small towns. A target for creating 25 lakh newjobs has been set for the programme
under the Tenth Five Year Plan.
(v) Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY): It was launched in 1999. The programme aims at bringing the assisted
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poor families above the poverty line by organising them into self-help groups through a mix of bank credit and government
subsidy.
(vi) Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY): It was launched in 2000, additional central assistance is given to states for
basic services such as primary health, primary education, rural shelter, rural drinking water and rural electrification.
OR
A. It leads to hunger and lack of hunger. They live in unhygienic conditions and invite host of diseases.
B. They lack in medical facilities and die of diseases in want of timely and proper treatment.
C. Poor people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost all places.
D. They live with the sense of helplessness.
E. Poor parents are not able to send their children to school.
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