Class X Session 2025-26

Subject - Mathematics (Basic)

Sample Question Paper - 04

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

Read the following instructions carefully and follow them:

1. This question paper contains 38 questions.

2. This Question Paper is divided into 5 Sections A, B, C, D and E.

3. In Section A, Questions no. 1-18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and questions no. 19 and 20 are Assertion-

Reason based questions of 1 mark each.

4. In Section B, Questions no. 21-25 are very short answer (VSA) type questions, carrying 02 marks each.

5. In Section C, Questions no. 26-31 are short answer (SA) type questions, carrying 03 marks each.
6. In Section D, Questions no. 32-35 are long answer (LA) type questions, carrying 05 marks each.

7. In Section E, Questions no. 36-38 are case study-based questions carrying 4 marks each with sub-parts of the

values of 1,1 and 2 marks each respectively.

8. All Questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice in 2 Questions of Section B, 2 Questions of Section

C and 2 Questions of Section D has been provided. An internal choice has been provided in all the 2 marks
questions of Section E.

9. Draw neat and clean figures wherever required.

10. Take π = 22/7 wherever required if not stated.

11. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. The HCF of the smallest 2-digit number and the smallest composite number is [1]

a) 4 b) 2

c) 10 d) 20
2. What is the largest number that divides each one of 1152 and 1664 exactly? [1]

a) 64 b) 128

c) 32 d) 256

3. The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 3x - 10 = 0 are: [1]

a) -5, 2 b) 5, 2

c) 5, -2 d) -5, -2
4. If (-3, 2) is a solution of the linear equation 5x + 3 ky = 3, then the value of k is ________. [1]

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 a) 6 b) 3

c) 5 d) 2

5. The discriminant of the equation (2a + b) x = x2 + 2ab is ________ [1]

a) (2a + b)2 b) (2a - b)2

c) (2a + b2) d) (2a - b2)

6. If C(1, -1) is the mid-point of the line segment AB joining points A(4, x) and B(-2, 4), then value of x is: [1]

a) 6 b) -5

c) -6 d) 5
7. A vertical stick 1.8 m long casts a shadow 45 cm long on the ground. At the same time, what is the length of the [1]
shadow of a pole 6 m high?

a) 2.4 m b) 1.35 m

c) 1.5 m d) 13.5 m
8. In the given figure XY ||BC . If AX = 3cm, XB = 1.5 cm and BC = 6cm, then XY is equal to [1]

a) 6 cm. b) 4.5 cm

c) 3 cm. d) 4 cm.
9. The pair of tangents AP and AQ drawn from an external point to a circle with centre O are prependicular to each [1]
other and length of each tangent is 5 cm. The radius of the circle is

a) 10 cm b) 5 cm

c) 7.5 cm d) 2.5 cm
10. If 5 tan A = 3, then the value of cot A is: [1]

a) 4

5
b) 5

c) 3

4
d) 3

11. The string of a kite in air is 50 m long and it makes an angle of 60o with the horizontal. Assuming the string to [1]
be straight, the height of the kite from the ground is:
– –
a) 50√3 m b) 25√3 m

c) 100
m d) 50
m
√3 √3

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12. If x
= 2 sin A,
y
= 2 cos A, then the value of x2 + y2 is: [1]
3 3

a) 6 b) 9

c) 36 d) 18
13. The hour hand of a clock is 6 cm long. The area swept by it between 11.20 am and 11.55 am is [1]

a) 11 cm2 b) 2.75 cm2

c) 10 cm2 d) 5.5 cm2

14. In the given figure PQ and RS are the perpendicular diameters of the circle whose centre is O and radius = 14 [1]
cm. the area of the shaded region is

a) 28 cm2 b) 35 cm2

c) 60 cm2 d) 112 cm2

15. A bag contains cards numbered from 1 to 25. A card is drawn at random from the bag. The probability that the [1]
number on this card is divisible by both 2 and 3 is

a) 3

25
b) 1

c) 4

25
d) 2

25

16. The median of first 8 prime numbers is [1]

a) 11 b) 13

c) 9 d) 7
17. The radii of the base of a cylinder and a cone are in the ratio 3 :4. If they have their heights in the ratio 2 : 3, the [1]
ratio between their volumes is

a) 8 : 9 b) 3 : 4

c) 9 : 8 d) 4 : 3
18. If the difference of mode and median of a data is 24, then the difference of median and mean of the same data is: [1]

a) 34 b) 12

c) 24 d) 8
19. Assertion (A): Distance between (5, 12) and origin is 13 units. [1]
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

Reason (R): D = √(x 1

2
− x2 )
2
+ ( y1 − y2 )

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

20. Assertion (A): 3 is a rational number. [1]
Reason (R): The square roots of all positive integers are irrationals.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the

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 explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
21. Is the pair of linear equation consistent/inconsistent? If consistent, obtain the solution graphically: x – y = 8; 3x [2]
– 3y = 16
22. In △ABC, D and E are the points on the sides AB and AC respectively such that DE||BC. If AD = 6x - 7, DB = [2]
4x - 3, AE = 3x - 3 and EC = 2x - 1, find the value of x.
OR
In the given figure, XZ is parallel to BC. AZ = 3 cm, ZC = 2 cm, BM = 3 cm and MC = 5 cm. Find the length of XY.

23. A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle. Prove that AB + CD = AD + BC [2]

4 4

24. Prove that :

( sin θ+cos θ)
= 1. [2]
2 2
1−2 sin θ cos θ

25. A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends a right angle at the centre. Find the area of the corresponding: [2]
i. minor segment
ii. major sector.
OR
In Figure, OACB is a quadrant of a circle with centre O and radius 7 cm. If OD = 3 cm, then find the area of the
shaded region.

Section C
–
26. Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational. [3]
27. If the points P, Q(x, 7), R, S(6, y) in this order divide the line segment joining A(2, p) and B (7, 10) in 5 equal [3]
parts, find x, y and p.
28. If we add 1 to the numerator and subtract 1 from the denominator, a fraction reduces to 1. It becomes 1
if we [3]
2

only add 1 to the denominator. What is the fraction? Solve the pair of the linear equation obtained by the
elimination method.
OR
Two years ago father was five times as old as his son. Two years later, his age will be 8 years more than three times
the age of the son. Find the present ages of father and son.
29. Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle with centre O from an external point T. Prove that ∠ PTQ = 2 [3]
∠ OPQ.

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30. If tan θ = , evaluate . [3]
12 2 sin θ cos θ

2
13 cos
2
θ−sin θ

OR
2

= tan2 A
2

Prove that ( =(
1+tan A 1−tan A
) )
2
1+cot A 1−cot A

31. Two different dice are thrown together. Find the probability that the numbers obtained [3]
i. have a sum less than 7
ii. have a product less than 16
iii. is a doublet of odd numbers.
Section D
32. A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 360 km. It would have taken 48 minutes less to travel [5]
the same distance if its speed was 5 km/hour more. Find the original speed of the train.
OR

Find the value of k for which the quadratic equation (k + 1)x2 - 2(3k + 1)x + (8k + 1) = 0 has real and equal roots.
33. From the top of a vertical tower, the angles of depression of two cars in the same straight line with the base of [5]
the tower, at an instant are found to be 45° and 60°. If the cars are 100 m apart and are on the same side of the
tower, find the height of the tower.
34. A spiral is made up of successive semicircles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting with centre at A, of [5]
radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ... as shown in Figure. What is the total length of such a spiral made up of
thirteen consecutive semicircles? (T ake π =
22
)
7

[Hint: Length of successive semicircles is l1, l2, l3, l4, ... with centres at A, B, A, B, ... respectively.]

OR
The ratio of the 11th term to 17th term of an A.P. is 3: 4. Find the ratio of 5th term to 21st term of the same A.P. Also,
find the ratio of the sum of first 5 terms to that of first 21 terms.
35. In a retail market, fruit vendors were selling mangoes kept in packing boxes. These boxes contained varying [5]
number of mangoes. The following was the distribution of mangoes according to the number of boxes.

Number of mangoes 50-52 53-55 56-58 59-61 62-64

Number of boxes 15 110 135 115 25

Find the mean number of mangoes kept in a packing box. Which method of finding the mean did you choose?
Section E
36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A wooden toy is shown in the picture. This is a cuboidal wooden block of dimensions 14 cm × 17 cm × 4 cm.
On its top there are seven cylindrical hollows for bees to fit in. Each cylindrical hollow is of height 3 cm and

Page 5 of 19
 radius 2 cm.

i. Find the volume of wood carved out to make one cylindrical hollow. (1)
ii. Find the lateral surface area of the cuboid to paint it with green colour. (1)
iii. Find the volume of wood in the remaining cuboid after carving out seven cylindrical hollows. (2)
OR
Find the surface area of the top surface of the cuboid to be painted yellow. (2)
37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
While playing in a garden, Samaira saw a honeycomb and asked her mother what is that. Her mother replied that
it's a honeycomb made by honey bees to store honey. Also, she told her that the shape of the honeycomb formed
is a mathematical structure. The mathematical representation of the honeycomb is shown in the graph.

i. How many zeroes are there for the polynomial represented by the graph given? (1)
ii. Write the zeroes of the polynomial. (1)
iii. If the zeroes of a polynomial x2 + (a + 1) x + b are 2 and -3, then determine the values of a and b. (2)
OR

If the square of difference of the zeroes of the polynomial x2 + px + 45 is 144, then find the value of p. (2)
38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
The centroid is the centre point of the object. It is also defined as the point of intersection of all the three
medians. The median is a line that joins the midpoint of a side and the opposite vertex of the triangle. The
centroid of the triangle separates the median in the ratio of 2 : 1. It can be found by taking the average of x-
coordinate points and y-coordinate points of all the vertices of the triangle. See the figure given below

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Here D, E and F are mid points of sides BC, AC and AB in same order. G is centroid, the centroid divides the
median in the ratio 2 : 1 with the larger part towards the vertex. Thus AG : GD = 2 : 1
On the basis of above information read the question below. If G is Centroid of △ABC with height h and J is
Centroid of △ADE. Line DE parallel to BC, cuts the △ABC at a height h

4
from BC. HF = h

i. What is the length of AH? (1)

ii. What is the distance of point A from point G? (1)
iii. What is the distance of point A from point J? (2)
OR
What is the distance GJ? (2)

Page 7 of 19
 Solution

Section A
1.
(b) 2
Explanation:
Smallest two digit number is 10 and smallest composite number is 4 .
Clearly, 2 is the greatest factor of 4 and 10, so their H.C.F. is 2.

2.
(b) 128
Explanation:
Largest number that divides each one of 1152 and 1664 = HCF (1152, 1664)
We know, 1152 = 27 × 32
1164 = 27 × 13
∴ HCF = 27 = 128

3. (a) -5, 2
Explanation:
p(x) = x2 + 3x - 10
= x2 + 5x - 2x - 10
= x(x + 5) - 2(x + 5)
= (x - 2) (x + 5)
p(x) = 0
x - 2 = 0 or x + 5 = 0
x = 2 or x = -5
4.
(b) 3
Explanation:
Since, (-3,2) is the solution of 5x + 3/cy = 3. So (-3, 2) satisfies it.
∴ 5 x (-3) + 3
18
⇒ −15 + 6k = 3 ⇒ k = = 3
6

5.
(b) (2a - b)2
Explanation:
(2a + b)x = x2 + 2ab
x2 - (2a + b)x + 2ab = 0
D = b2 - 4ac
D = [-(2a + b)]2 - 4 × 1 × 2ab
D = 4a2 + b2 + 4ab - 8ab
D = 4a2 + b2 - 4ab
D = (2a - b)2

6.
(c) -6

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 Explanation:

Coordinate of C
4−2 x+4
C ( , )
2 2

On comparing y coordinates.
x+4
−1 =
2

-2 = x + 4
x = -6

7.
(c) 1.5 m
Explanation:

Let AB and AC be the vertical stick and its shadow, respectively.

According to the question:
AB = 1.8 m
AC = 45 cm = 0.45 m
Again, let DE and DF be the pole and its shadow, respectively.
According to the question:
DE = 6 m
DF = ?
Now, in right-angled triangles ABC and DEF, we have:
∠ BAC = ∠ EDF = 90°

∠ACB = ∠ DFE (Angular elevation of the Sun at the same time)

Therefore, by AA similarity theorem,
we get:△ABC∼ △ DEF
AB DE 1.8 6 6×0.45
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒ DF = = 1.5m
AC DF 0.45 DF 1.8

8.
(d) 4 cm.
Explanation:
Since XY ||BC , then using Thales theorem,
AX XY
⇒ =
AB BC
3 XY
⇒ =
4.5 6

⇒ XY = 4 cm

9.
(b) 5 cm
Explanation:

Page 9 of 19
 AP = AQ = 5 cm
(tangent from external point are equal)
Radii makes right angle with tangent
△APO ≅△AQO (by R.H.S.)
As ∠PAQ = 90 ∘
, So ∠PAO = 45
∘

In △APO
∘ OP OP
tan 45 = =
AP 5

⇒ OP = 5cm

Hence, the radii of circle = 5 cm

10.
(b) 5

Explanation:
5 tan A = 3
3
tan A = 5
1 5
cot A = =
tan A 3

11.
–
(b) 25√3 m
Explanation:

oppositeside
Sin(θ) = hypotenuse

son60o =
BC h

AC
= 50

(∵ sin60o =
√3 √3

2
= h

50 2
)
–
h = 25 √3 m

12.
(c) 36
Explanation:
x y
= 2 sin A, = 2 cos A
3 3

x = 6 sin A, y = 6 cos A

2 2 2 2
x + y = (6 sin A) + (6 cos A)

2 2
= 36 sin A + 36 cos A

2 2
= 36 (sin A + cos A)

= 36(1)
= 36

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13.
(d) 5.5 cm2
Explanation:
Length of hour hand of a clock (r) = 6 cm
Time 11.20 am to 11.55 am = 35 minute = 35

60
h

∴ In 1 hour the hour hand rotates 30 . ∘

Thus, central angle of the sector = 30 × 35

60
= 17.5
∘

∴ Area of the sector swept by the hour hand = 17.5

360
×
22

7
× 6 × 6 cm2
2.5×22 2 2
= cm = 5.5 cm
10

14.
(d) 112 cm2
Explanation:
For Triangle POS,
PO = OS = 14cm
Now Get PS by pythagoras theorem.
1
Again, Required area = 4
Area of Circle - Area POS

15.
(c) 25
4

Explanation:
Total number of outcomes = 25
The number which is divisible by both 2 and 3 are 6, 12, 18, 24
Number of favourable outcomes = 4
4
Probability of number which is divisible by both 2 and 3 = 25

16.
(c) 9
Explanation:
First 8 prime numbers are follows:
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
N = 8 (even)
8
th 8
th
( ) value + ( +1) value
Median
2 2
∴ =
2
th th
4 value+ 5 value
=
2
7+11
=
2
18
=
2

=9

17.
(c) 9 : 8
Explanation:

Page 11 of 19
 Let the radii of the base of the cylinder and cone be 3r and 4r and their heights be 2h and 3h, respectively.
2
π(3r) ×(2h)
Then, ratio of their volumes = 1 2
π(4r) ×(3h)
3
2

= 9r ×2×3

16r2 ×3
9
= 8

=9:8

18.
(b) 12
Explanation:
Given,
mode - median = 24
median - mean = ?
we know that,
mode = 3 median - 2 mean
mode = median + 2 median - 2 mean
mode - median = 2 median - 2 mean
24 = 2 (median - mean)
median - mean = = 12 24

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
Distance of point (5, 12) from 8 origin is given, d = √(5 − 0) 2
+ (12 − 0)
2

−−−− −− − −−−
= √25 + 144 = √169 = 13
20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation:
Here, reason is not true.
–
√9 = ±3, which is not an irrational number.

A is true but R is false.

Section B
21. x - y = 8.................(1)
3 x - 3 y = 16.............(2)
Here, a = 1, b = −1, c
1 1 1
= −8

a2 = 3, b2 = −3, c2 = −16
a1 b1 c1
We see that a2
=
b2
≠
c2

Hence, the lines represented by the equations(1) and (2) are parallel.
Therefore, equations (1) and ( 2 ) have no solution, i.e., the given pair of linear equation is inconsistent.

22.

Given: In △ABC, DE || BC. Also AD = 6x - 7, DB = 4x - 3, AE = 3x - 3 and EC = 2x - 1

By basic proportionality theorem,
AD AE
=
DB EC
6x−7 3x−3
⇒ =
4x−3 2x−1

⇒ (6x - 7)(2x - 1) = (3x - 3)(4x - 3)

⇒ 12x2 - 6x - 14x + 7 = 12x2 - 9x - 12x + 9

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 ⇒ -20x + 7 = -21x + 9
⇒ -20x + 21x = 9 - 7
⇒ x = 2

OR
Given that,
In the figure the triangle ABC
XZ||BC and the length of AZ = 3 cm, ZC = 2 cm, BM = 3 cm and MC = 5 cm.
From △ABC and △AXZ
∠AXZ = ∠ ABC [by corresponding angles]
∠AZX = ∠ ACB [by corresponding angles]
By basic proportionality theorem △ABC and △AXZ are similar.
So,
YZ AZ
=
MC ZC

YZ 3
=
5 2
15
YZ = 2

Then,
XZ AZ
=
BC ZC
XY +Y Z AZ
=
BM+MC ZC
15
XY +
2 3
=
3+5 2

XY + 15

2
=
24

XY = 9

2
= 4.5 cm

23.

We know that the lengths of tangents drawn from an exterior point to a circle are equal.
AP = AS, ... (i) [tangents from A]
BP = BQ, ... (ii) [tangents from B]
CR = CQ, ... (iii) [tangents from C]
DR = DS. ... (iv) [tangents from D]
AB + CD = (AP + BP) + (CR + DR)
= (AS + BQ) + (CQ + DS) [using (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)]
= (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
= AD + BC.
Hence, AB + CD = AD + BC.
24. We have,
4 4
(sin θ+ cos θ)

2 2
1−2 sin θ cos θ

2 2 2 2
(sin θ) + (cos θ)

=
2 2
1−2 sin θ cos θ

2 2 2 2 2
(sin θ+ cos θ) −2 sin θ cos θ
2 2 2
= [(a + b) = a + b + 2ab]
2
1−2 sin θ cos 2 θ
2 2
1−2 sin θ cos θ 2 2
= [si n θ + co s θ = 1]
2 2
1−2 sin θ cos θ

= 1 Hence proved
25. i. r = 10 cm, θ = 90 ∘

Area of minor sector = θ

360
× πr
2

90 2
= × 3.14 × 10 × 10 = 78.5cm
360

Area of △OAB = OA×OB

2
10×10 2
= = 50cm
2

∴ Area of the minor segment

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 = Area of minor sector - Area of △OAB
2 2 2
= 78.5cm − 50cm = 28.5cm

ii. Area of major sector = πr 2

− area of minor sector

= 3.14 × 10 × 10 − 78.5

2
= 314 − 28.5 = 285.5cm

OR
cm2
49
Area of quadrant = 1

4
π(7)
2
=
4
π

cm2
1 21
Area of triangle = 2
× 7×3= 2

Area of shaded region = 49

4
π −
21

= 7

2
(
7

2
π − 3) cm2 or 28 cm2
Section C
–
26. Let us assume, to the contrary, that is rational. 3 + 2√5

That is, we can find coprime integers a and b (b ≠ 0) such that

– a a –
3 + 2√5 =
b
Therefore, b
− 3 = 2√5

a−3b –
⇒ = 2√5
b
a−3b – a 3
⇒ = √5 ⇒ −
2b 2b 2

Since a and b are integers,

a 3 –
We get 2b
−
2
is rational, also so √5 is rational.
–
But this contradicts the fact that is irrational. √5

This contradiction arose because of our incorrect

–
assumption that 3 + 2√5 is rational.
–
So, we conclude that 3 + 2√5 is irrational.
27.
Consider QB.
The point S divides QB in the ratio 2:1
m1 x2 + m2 x1
6 =
m1 + m2

2(7)+1(x)
⇒ 6 =
2+1

x+14
⇒ 6 =
3

⇒ 18 = x + 14
⇒ x=4
m1 y2 + m2 y1
y =
m1 + m2

2(10)+1(7)
⇒ y =
2+1
20+7
⇒ y =
3

⇒ y=9
Consider AS.
The point Q divides AS in the ratio 1:1.
y +y
1 2
7 =
2
p+9
⇒ 7 =
2

⇒ 14 = p+ 9
⇒ p = 5

So, x = 4, y = 9, p = 5.

Page 14 of 19
28. Let the fraction be x

Then, according to the question,

x+1
= 1 ......(1)
y−1

y+1
=
1

2
.........(2)
⇒ x + 1 = y - 1 ...........(3)
2x = y + 1................(4)
⇒ x - y = - 2................(5)

2x - y = 1......................(^)
Substituting equation (5) from equation (6), we get x =3
Substituting this value of x in equation (5), we get
3 - y = -2
⇒ y = 3 + 2

⇒ y = 5
3
Hence, the required fraction is 5

Verification: Substituting the value of x = 3 and y = 5,

we find that both the equations(1) and ( 2) are satisfied as shown below:
x+1 3+1 4
= = = 1
y−1 5−1 4

x 3 3 1
= = =
y+1 5+1 6 2

Hence, the solution is correct.

OR
Let the age of father is x years and that of son is y years.
Then by the given question,
Two years ago father was five times as old as his son
x − 2 = 5(y − 2)

or, x − 5y = −10 + 2
or, x − 5y = −8
or, x = 5y − 8
Two years later, his age will be 8 years more than three times the age of the son
x + 2 = 3(y + 2) + 8

or, x − 3y = 6 + 8 − 2
or, 5y − 8 − 3y = 12
or, 2y = 12 + 8
or, y = 20

or, y = 10
then x=5y-8=50-8=42
Then, the age of father is 42 yrs. and the age of son is 10 yrs.
29. Given : A circle with centre O and an external point T and two tangents TP and TQ to the circle, where P, Q are the points of
contact.
To Prove: ∠ PTQ = 2∠ OPQ
Proof: Let ∠ PTQ = θ
Since TP, TQ are tangents drawn from point T to the circle.
TP = TQ
∴ TPQ is an isoscles triangle

∴ ∠ TPQ = ∠ TQP = 1

2
(180o - θ) = 90o - θ

Since, TP is a tangent to the circle at point of contact P

∴ ∠ OPT = 90o
∴ ∠ OPQ = ∠ OPT - ∠ TPQ = 90o - (90o - 1

2
θ )= θ

2
= 1

2
∠ PTQ
Thus, ∠ PTQ = 2∠ OPQ
30. We have, tan θ = 12

13
2 sin θ c os θ

Now, 2 sin θ cos θ

2 2
=
c os θ
[ dividing numerator and denominator by cos 2
θ ]
cos θ− sin θ c os2 θ−sin 2 θ

2
c os θ

Page 15 of 19
 12 24 24
2×
2 tan θ 13 13 13 24 169 312
= = = = = × =
2 2 144 25 13 25 25
1− tan θ 12 1−
1−( )
169 169
13

2 sin θ cos θ 312

Hence, 2 2
=
25
cos θ− sin θ

OR
2

= tan2 A
1+ tan A
First, we will show that, 2
1+ cot A
2 2 2
1+ tan A 1+ tan A 1+ tan A
LHS = 2
= 1
= 2
1+ cot A 1+ 1+tan A

tan2 A
tan2 A
2

= (1 + tan 2
A) ×
tan A

2
1+tan A

= tan2 A = RHS ....(i)

2

= tan2 A
1−tan A
Now, we will show that, ( )
1−cot A

2 2
2
1−tan A 1−tan A 1−tan A
LHS = ( 1−cot A
) =( 1
) =( tanA−1
)
1−
tanA tanA

= [(1 − tan A) × ( tan A

)]
−(1−tan A)

= (tan A)2 = tan2 A = RHS ...(ii)

Hence, from (i) and (ii),
2 2

= tan2 A
1+ tan A 1−tan A

2
=( 1−cot A
)
1+ cot A

Hence proved.
31. When 2 dice are rolled,
The possible outcomes are :
(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6)
(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6)
(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6)
(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6)
(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6)
(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)
∴ Total number of outcomes = 36
i. Let A be the event of getting the numbers whose sum is less than 7.
Number of favourable outcomes =15
Favourable outcomes are (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(4,1),(4,2) and (5,1).
Number of favourable outcomes 15 5
∴ P (A) = = =
Total number of outcomes 36 12

ii. Let B be the event of getting the numbers whose product is less than 16.
Number of favourable outcomes= 25
Favourable outcomes are (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(4,1),
(4,2),(4,3),(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(6,1) and (6,2).
Number of favourable outcomes 25
∴ P (A) = =
Total number of outcomes 36

iii. Let C be the event of getting the numbers which are doublets of odd numbers.
Number of favourable outcomes=3
Favourable outcomes are (1,1),(3,3) and (5,5).
Number of favourable outcomes 3 1
∴ P (A) = = =
Total number of outcomes 36 12

Section D
32. Given that a train travelling at a uniform speed for 360 km
Let the original speed of the train be x km/hr
Distance 360
Time taken = =
x
Speed
Time taken at increased speed = 360

x+5
hours.
According to the question
360 360 48
− =
x x+5 60

1 1 4
360 [ − ] =
x x+5 5

Page 16 of 19
 360(x+5−x)
4
or, =
2 5
x +5x

1800 4
or, =
x2 +5x 5

2
⇒ x + 5x − 2250 = 0

2
⇒ x + (50 − 45)x − 2250 = 0

2
⇒ x + 50x − 45x − 2250 = 0

⇒ (x + 50)(x − 45) = 0

Either x = - 50 or x = 45
As speed cannot be negative
∴ Original speed of train = 45 km/hr.

OR
For real and equal roots.
[-2(3k + 1)]2 - 4(k + 1) (8k + 1) = 0
⇒ k2 - 3k = 0
∴ k = 0, k = 3

33.

Let AC be the tower of height = h m.

In right △DAC,
∘ AD
cot 45 =
AC
x+100
⇒ 1 =
h

⇒ x + 100 = h

⇒ x = h − 100 ...(i)
In right ΔBAC ,
∘ AB
cot 60 =
AC
1 x
⇒ =
√3 h

⇒ x =
h
......(ii),
√3

From (i) and (ii),

h
h − 100 =
√3

h
⇒ h − = 100
√3

1
⇒ h (1 − ) = 100
√3

√3−1
⇒ h( ) = 100
√3

100√3
⇒ h =
√3−1

100√3 ( √3+1)
h = ×
( √3−1) ( √3+1)

300+100√3
⇒ h =
2

3+ √3
= 100 ( )
2

–
= 50(3 + √3)

= 50(3 + 1.73)

= 236.5m

Hence, the height of the tower is 236.5 m.

34. According to question we are given that a spiral is made up of successive semi-circles, with centres alternately at A and B, starting
with centre at A, of radii 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, ....as shown in Fig.

Page 17 of 19
 Let l1, l2, l3, l4,..l13 be the lengths (circumferences) of semi-circles of radii r1= 0.5 cm, r2 =1.0 cm, r3 = 1.5 cm, r4 = 2.0 cm, r5 =
2.5 cm,... respectively.

Now, Semi-perimeter of circle = π ⋅ r

Therefore,
π
l1 = πr1 = π × 0.5 = cm
2
π
l2 = πr2 = π × 1 = 2 ( ) cm
2
3 π
l3 = πr3 = π × = 3( ) cm
2 2
π
l4 = πr4 = π × 2 = 4 ( ) cm
2

and
13 π
l13 = πr13 = π × cm = 13 ( ) cm
2 2

Therefore total length of the spiral = l1 + l2 + l3 +...+ l13

π π π π
={ +2( )+3( ) + ⋯ + 13 ( )}
2 2 2 2
π
= (1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 13)
2

=
π

2
×
13

2
(1 + 13) [ Using S n =
n

2
(a + l)]

π 13
=
2
×
2
× 14 = 1

2
×
22

7
× 13 × 7 = 143cm
which is required length of the spiral made up of thirteen consecutive semi-circles.
OR
a+10d 3
Given a+16d
= 4

⇒ 4a + 40d = 3a + 48d
⇒ a = 8d
a5 a+4d 3
therefore a21
= a+20d
= 7
using (i)
a5 : a21 = 3 : 7
5
(2a+4d)
s5

s21
= 2

21
= 5×20d

21×36d
= 25

189
(2a+20d)
2

Therefore, S5 : S21 = 25 : 189

35. Since value of number of mangoes and number of boxes are large numerically. So we use step-deviation method
xi −a

True Class Interval No. of boxes(fi) Class mark(xi) ui = fiui

h

49.5-52.5 15 51 -2 -30

52.5-55.5 110 54 -1 -110

55.5-58.5 135 57 0 0

58.5-61.5 115 60 1 115

61.5-64.5 25 63 2 50

∑ fi = 400 ∑ fiui = 25

Let assumed mean (a) = 57,

h=3,
∑ f ui
¯¯
¯
∴ u =
i
=
25

400
= 0.0625 (approx.)
∑ fi

Using formula, Mean (x) = a + hu ¯¯

¯ ¯¯
¯

= 57 + 3 (0.0625
= 57 + 0.1875

Page 18 of 19
 = 57.1875
= 57.19 (approx)
Therefore, the mean number of mangoes is 57.19
Section E
36. i. Volume of wood carved out to make one hollow
cm3 or 37.7 cm3
22 264
= 7
× 2×2×3= 7

ii. LSA of cuboid = 2(14 × 4 + 17 × 4) = 248 cm2.

iii. Volume of 7 cylindrical hollows = 264 cm3.
Volume of original cuboid = 14 × 17 × 4 = 952 cm3.
∴Volume of remaining solid = 952 – 264 = 688 cm3.
OR
Area of top surface to be painted = (l × b) – 7 × π r2
= (14 × 17) – ( × 4 × 7) 22

= 150 cm2
37. i. Two
ii. 7 and -7
iii. -(a + 1) = 2 + (-3) ⇒ a = 0
b = 2 × (–3) ⇒ b = -6
OR
Let α and β be the zeroes of given polynomial
Here, α + β = -p and αβ = 45
(α - β )2 = 144
⇒ (α + β )2 - 4αβ = 144
⇒ (-p)2 - 4 × 45 = 144
⇒ p = ±18

38. i. ∴ AF = h (Given)
∴ AF = AH + HF
h
h = AH + 4

AH = h - h

AH = 3h

ii. ∵ AF = h (Given)
∴ AG = AF 2

∵ centroid divide the median in 2 : 1

3h
iii. AH = 4

J is centroid of △ADE
AJ : JH = 2 : 1
let AJ = 2x and JH = x
2x + x = 3h

x= h

AJ = 2 × h

4
= h

AG = AJ + GJ
h h
= +
2 6
2h
=
3

But AJ = h

2
×
2

AJ = 3

4
AG
OR
GJ = AG - AJ
= AG - AG 3

GJ = 1

4
AG

Page 19 of 19