‡f±i
Prepared by SHUVO KANTI DAS
Department of Physics ,SUST
1) GKwU †f±i‡K Zvi gvb w`‡q fvM Ki‡j GKK †f±i cvIqv hvq| †hgb:-
⃗= Ax ̂+Ay ̂+Az ̂ GKwU †f±i Ges ⃗ eivei GKK †f±i ̂ n‡j
⃗ ̂ ̂ ̂
̂= = .
| ⃗|
√
Note:- ‡Kv‡bv †f±‡ii GKK †f±i ev H †f±i eivei mgvšÍivj GKK †f±i, G `ywU K_vi A_© GKB|
Note:- ‡¯‹jvi ¸Y‡bi †ÿ‡Î,
i. ̂ ̂ = ̂ ̂ = ̂ ̂ =0 [‡h‡nZz
̂ ̂ = ̂ ̂ = ̂ ̂ =1 [‡h‡nZz
ii. ‡f±i ¸Y‡bi †ÿ‡Î,
̂ ̂= ̂ ̂ =̂ ̂ =0 [
̂ ̂ = ̂, ̂ ̂ = ̂, ̂ ̂= ̂
̂ ̂= ̂, ̂ ̂= ̂, ̂ ̂= ̂
⃗ ⃗⃗
⃗ I ⃗⃗ Øviv MwVZ mgZ‡ji Dci GKwU j¤^ GKK †f±i ̅ = |
| ⃗ ⃗⃗|
2) hw` ⃗= Ax ̂+Ay ̂+Az ̂ Ges ⃗⃗= Bx ̂+By ̂+Bz ̂ nq,
Z‡e (i) ⃗ Gi gvb | ⃗| = √
(ii) ⃗+ ⃗⃗ = (Ax+Bx) ̂+(Ay+By) ̂+(Az+Bz) ̂
(iii) ⃗ ⃗⃗ = (AxÑBx) ̂+(AyÑBy) ̂+(AzÑBz) ̂
3) ⃗ I ⃗⃗ Gi ga¨eZ©x †KvY n‡j,
(a) ⃗ ⃗⃗ = | ⃗|| ⃗⃗| = ABcos = AxBx+AyBy+AzBz
̂ ̂ ̂
(b) ⃗ ⃗⃗ = ̂ABsin = | |
4) (i) `ywU †f±‡ii ga¨eZ©x †KvY n‡j, ⃗ ⃗⃗ = ABcos
⃗ ⃗⃗
= cos-1 ( )
5) ⃗= Ax ̂+Ay ̂+Az ̂ ‡f±iwU x ev y ev z A‡ÿi m‡½ †KvY •Zwi Ki‡j,
̂ ̂ ̂
=cos-1
√
6) (i) `ywU †f±i mgvšÍivj nIqvi kZ©, ⃗ ⃗⃗ =0. A_©vr, = = .
(ii) `ywU †f±i ci¯úi j¤^ nIqvi kZ©, ⃗ ⃗⃗ =0. A_©¨vr, AxBx+AyBy+AzBz =0 .
7) Awf‡ÿc:-
⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
(i) ⃗ ‡f±‡ii Dci ⃗⃗ †f±‡ii Awf‡ÿc, bcos = | ⃗⃗|
⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
(ii) ⃗⃗ ‡f±‡ii Dci ⃗ †f±‡ii Awf‡ÿc, acos =
| ⃗⃗|
8) Dcvsk:-
⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
(i) ⃗ ‡f±‡ii w`K eivei ⃗⃗ †f±‡ii Dcvsk = | ⃗⃗|
̂
⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
(ii) ⃗⃗ ‡f±‡ii w`K eivei ⃗ †f±‡ii Dcvsk = ̂
| ⃗⃗|
9) (i) mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `ywU mwbœwnZ evû eivei wµqvkxj †f±i ⃗ I ⃗⃗ n‡j,
mvgvšÍwi‡Ki ‡ÿÎdj = | ⃗ ⃗⃗| eM© GKK
(ii) mvgvšÍwi‡Ki KY© eivei wµqvkxj n‡j, †ÿÎdj = | ⃗ ⃗⃗|
(iii) wÎf~‡Ri `yBwU mwbœwnZ evû n‡j, ‡ÿÎdj = | ⃗ ⃗⃗|
(iv) AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi `yBwU mwbœwnZ evû n‡j, ‡ÿÎdj = | ⃗ ⃗⃗|
†f±i ivwki †f±i MyYb ev µm ¸Yb wewbgq m~Î †g‡b P‡j bv|