1.
Warm-Up
Ask the student:
• What are some things you can do well?
• What are things you must do every day?
• What are things you shouldn’t do?
Write down their answers and highlight the modal verbs they use.
2. Presentation: Types of Modal Verbs
Function Modal Verbs Example
Ability can, could, be able to I can swim.
Possibility might, may, could It might rain today.
Permission can, may May I go to the bathroom?
Obligation must, have to You must wear a seatbelt.
Advice should, ought to You should eat more vegetables.
Prohibition mustn’t, can’t You mustn’t smoke here.
Note:
• must = strong internal obligation
• have to = external requirement
• should/ought to = advice
• can/may = permission
• might/may = weak possibility
• mustn’t/can’t = prohibition
3. Controlled Practice
Fill in the blanks with the correct modal verb:
1. You ___ drink water every day. (should / must / might)
2. She ___ speak Spanish and French. (can / may / must)
3. We ___ be late, the teacher will be angry! (mustn’t / may / should)
4. ___ I borrow your pen? (Must / May / Have to)
5. He ___ run 10 km when he was younger. (could / should / must)
6. You ___ clean your room now. It’s very dirty! (must / might / can)
7. We ___ go to the beach tomorrow. It depends on the weather. (may / must /
should)
8. They ___ be able to finish the project by Friday. (should / can / might)
9. Students ___ be quiet during the test. (should / must / may)
4. Speaking Practice
Ask the student the following situations and have them respond using modal verbs:
• You want to be healthier. What should you do?
• You lost your phone. What can you do?
• You have a lot of homework. What must you do?
• You’re tired. What might you do this evening?
5. Real-Life Application Task
Ask the student to write 5 rules for one of the following:
• A school
• A classroom
• A house
• A healthy lifestyle
Each rule must include a modal verb.
Example: You mustn’t run in the hallways.
6. Homework
Choose one:
• Write a short paragraph about:
“What you must/mustn’t do to stay healthy.”
• Create a list or poster of 5 classroom rules using modal verbs.