Part 1: Summary
A Recent History of Climate Change
Climate change is a broad topic that includes periodic alterations in Earth’s climate caused by natural
forces in combination with the effects of various human activities (such as the burning of fossil fuels and
changes in land cover and biodiversity). Although climate change is a process that has continued since
Earth’s formation some 4.6 billion years ago, over the most-recent 100 years or so, the collective weight
of human activities has emerged as an important factor in guiding the trajectory of global and regional
climates.
Carbon, it turns out, is key to understanding climate change. Carbon is taken up by plant respiration and
weathering, and it is expelled when an animal exhales. When combined with hydrogen, it forms a
hydrocarbon, which can be burned by industry and vehicles to produce both heat and energy. It is the
key element in two of the most-important greenhouse gases (GHG)—that is, carbon dioxide (CO₂), which
is produced by combustion, and methane (CH₄), which is produced by a number of sources, including
rice cultivation, animal waste, natural gas extraction, and wetlands. In 1896, Swedish chemist Svante
Arrhenius created the first model that considered the influence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The general rule that emerged from the model was that if the quantity of CO₂ increases or decreases in
geometric progression, temperature will follow, increasing or decreasing nearly in arithmetic
progression.
Since Arrhenius’s time, the CO₂ concentration of the atmosphere has increased more than 70 percent,
from 280–290 parts per million to more than 400 ppm by 2016. With such a dramatic rise in CO₂
concentrations over such a short period, scientists fear that it will be only a matter of time before air
temperatures rise and people start to experience the results. Stark evidence of climate change at
regional and global scales has appeared since the late 20th century, the most apparent being the decline
in Arctic ice extent and the cluster of the warmest global surface temperature averages occurring
between the year 2000 and the present.
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Bài tự viết:
The passage elucidates the key element which cause climate change – carbon, and the trend of carbon
emission in recent years. Human activities have impacted the change of the climate globally and
regionally, though it has continued about 4.6 years ago. Carbon is generated by plant respiration,
weathering or animal exhalations. Human produce heat and energy by combining carbon with hydrogen
so they turn into hydrocarbon. Carbon is also contained in two greenhouse gases that is CO2 and CH4. In
1896, a Swedish chemist invented the model considered the impact of CO2 in the atmosphere,
according to the rule from the model, the temperature will follow the trend of CO2 emission. By 2016,
the CO2 concentration in the air has increased more than 70 percent, which raised concerns to scientist
that it will cause bad consequences to human life.
Bài đã sửa:
The article outlines carbon as a key driver of climate change and highlights the role of human activities
in direct this process. Although climate change has occurred for billions of years, industrialization and
fossil fuel consumption have significantly increased greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide
(CO₂) and methane (CH₄). Carbon, a central element in these gases, is released through natural and
human-related processes. In 1896, Svante Arrhenius proposed a model showing the correlation between
CO₂ concentration and temperature. Since then, atmospheric CO₂ levels have risen by over 70%,
reaching more than 400 ppm by 2016. This sharp increase has raised serious concerns among scientists
about potential environmental degradation and global temperature rise in the near future.
Part 2: Chart
The graphs show the percentage of math and other students in an Australian university who got full-
time jobs after graduation, with their average salaries between 2004 and 2012.
Overall, the employment rates for both groups went up and down but generally decreased over time.
Math graduates had higher employment rates than other graduates at both the beginning and the end
of the period. In terms of salary, both groups earned more over time, but math graduates received
higher salaries than others in the last three years.
In 2004, around 80% of math graduates were employed in full-time positions. This rose slightly to 85% in
2008, then dropped to around 78% by 2012. Other graduates followed a similar trend, starting with 65%
in 2004, peaking at roughly 87% in 2006, before falling to 65% at the end.
Both groups started with an average salary of $41,000 in 2004. The pay for math graduates increased
quickly and reached $56,000 by 2012. Other graduates also saw a rise, but less sharply, ending at
$51,000.
Part 3: Essay
It is argued that choosing a career early in life and sticking with it leads to a more satisfying working life.
While this may be true for some individuals, I do not entirely accept this, and I will explain why in this
essay.
Starting a career path early can help people gain experience and become experts in their field. This can
lead to higher salaries, more job opportunities, and a sense of achievement. For example, someone who
becomes a doctor or a lawyer at a young age may feel proud of their work and enjoy the respect that
comes with it. In addition, having a stable job for a long time may make people feel secure and confident
in their future.
However, staying in the same job for many years may also become boring or stressful, especially if the
job does not match a person’s interests or personality. Changing jobs from time to time can also bring
satisfaction and growth. Some people may only find their passion after trying different jobs. By exploring
new careers, they can learn more about themselves, improve different skills, and feel more motivated.
For instance, someone who moves from teaching to marketing may find new challenges that make their
working life more exciting.
In conclusion, having a long-term career plan can be a good choice for people who know what they
want, but others may find more happiness by changing jobs and discovering new opportunities. I believe
that both paths can lead to a satisfying working life, depending on each person’s goals and passions.