GOOD DAY,

EVERYONE!
GLOBALIZATION
 LEARNING OUTCOMES
Define the concept and ideas on globalization.

Trace the history of globalization and its effects.

Elaborate the theories that speed up globalization.

Where does the Apple company source
their raw materials?
 company is registered
parts are assembled
chip is created
silver is mined
chips are packaged

gold is produced lithium is produced

GLOBALIZATION

a process of rapid economic, cultural and

institutional integration among countries

a shift towards integrated and interconnected

world economy including markets and production

a movement towards the expansion of economic,

social and political ties between countries
TYPES OF GLOBALIZATION

ECONOMIC SOCIAL POLITICAL

interdependence of facilitates the intensifies and

economies across shares of expands the
the world through information and cooperation of
the movement of ideas contributing governmental and
goods, services, to an enculturation political institutions
technologies and of cultures and of countries in the
wealth. societies. world.
CAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. TRADE LIBERALIZATION

This is the removal or

reductions of barriers on EXAMPLES
the free exchange of
In the ASEAN region, the member countries approved to
goods and services reduce 10% of its trading transactions, but with
between nations conditions like the size and shape of a good or service.
including tariffs, custom In a newly-signed trade agreement between China and
duties, surcharging, Russia, the two countries planned to pour more
licensing and quotas. investment with each other.
CAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION
2. IMPROVEMENT OF
TECHNOLOGY

The expansion of internet

and wide coverage of EXAMPLES
faster and reliable
connections and newer The sudden rise of TikTok app from its music trends,
selling of products on its platform and exchange of
technology for
messages between users around the world.
communication and
transportation made the The virtual interaction of people helps improved faster
people of the world conversation and build relationship and social networks
of the society and culture.
connected and closer.
CAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION
3. DEREGULATION OF
FINANCIAL MARKETS

The removal of
EXAMPLES
restrictions and opening
of competition in the Singapore is seen as an economic power in Southeast
Asia since it permits foreign ownership of its
market which allows properties.
foreign investment and Saudi Arabia is an oil-based economy which its oil
promotes economic production and price are deregulated; they may
increase or decrease the available supply in the
growth of a country.
market.
CAUSES OF GLOBALIZATION
4. THE RISE OF TRANSNATIONAL
COMPANIES (TNCs)

The spread of global

EXAMPLES
production and
operation after World The McDonaldization of the world is still
War 2 is seen to seen today.
increase job opportunity
with less tax collection The regional production of Coca-Cola
from the government. plant in the Philippines.
IS GLOBALIZATION SAME TO ALL?
GROUP ACTIVITY SCAVENGER HUNT
AREAS CHALLENGES OPPORTUNITIES WAYS FORWARD

Cultural Identity

Social Norms

Economic System

Political System

Educational System
GLOBALIZATION ...according to Arjun Appadurai

SCAPES A term that discussed where globalization occurs in

multiple and intersecting dimensions of integration

K 1. Ethnoscape refers to the flow of process across boundaries in search for necessity.

I 2. Mediascape entails to the scope of electronic and print media in global culture.

N 3. Technoscape represents the movement of technology on global scale.

D 4. Finanscape forms the development of capital and its worldwide scope.

S 5. Ideoscape exhibits the composition and movement of ideas and ideology

EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

BENEFITS HARMS

General Agreement on Tariffs E Immense Importation of

and Trade (GATT) Foreign Goods
C
simulates free trade and firms move weakens the competitiveness of
with ease and faster O local businesses
N
Bretton Woods Agreement O Increased Foreign Debts
(i.e. World Bank, IMF) M (i.e. Zimbabwe, Argentina)
establishes a fixed international Y unpaid borrowing skyrockets due to
currency for trading and borrowing interest rates
 EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

BENEFITS HARMS

Convergence of Information and T Detachment to Local Cultures

Communication E and Community
C
lower costs are observed and challenges the societal spectrum
become more accessible
H
of culture like language and beliefs
N
O
Increased Global Sourcing of L
Abusive Policies to Users and
Raw Materials O Consumers
supports the global and domestic G threatens the identity of the user as
supply chain Y well as breaches data privacy
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

BENEFITS HARMS

Strengthen Democracy as P Limited Government

Political Ideology O Decision-Making
provides fundamental freedom L lessens its authority as any
and rights of the people decisions affect other institutions
I
Stronger Connection with
T Capitalism as the Foundation of
Other Nations I Public Policy
C
fosters deeper collaboration and creates policies that protect foreign
support of all means S business than its own people
EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION

BENEFITS HARMS

International Mobility and E Lost Appreciation to

Global Platforms D Local Cultures
provides more opportunities and U disconnects the people in valuing
open dialogue through exchange C one’s culture and heritage
A
Building Complex Engagements T Growing Disparity to Access on
and Perspectives I Education
directs exposure and awareness for O shows how unfair the access of
understanding cultural diversity N education between rich and poor
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
1. Silk Route

This the oldest

network that starts
from China and
stretches through
the Mediterranean
Sea in selling the
‘luxury goods’
made by the
Chinese: silk,
porcelain and tea. The line colored in
blue.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
2. Incense Route

This is a path that

begins in Arabian
states and goes
into the
Mediterranean
Sea which entirely
controlled by the
Arabs and sold
myrrh and incense. The arrow in
colored purple.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
3. Spice Route

This a waterway
that sets from
western Japan to
Indonesia and India
and resumes inland
to some parts of
Middles East and
finally reaches to
Mediterranean
Sea. The arrow in
colored red.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
4. Age of Exploration /
Exploitation

The global trade

kicked in when
Columbus explored
the America and
furthered by
Magellan with his
team as they
circumnavigated
the world in search
for spices.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
5. The Industrial
Revolution

This is considered as
the ‘first wave of
globalization’ where
it started in Britain
and iron and steel
became an
important material
and intensified
textile production
and migration to the
city.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
6. The Second
Industrial Revolution

After the onslaught

of the 2nd World
War, this turned as
the ‘second wave of
globalization’ where
the United States
became a
superpower, as car
and weaponry
factories grew
significantly high.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
7. The Computer Age

The creation of
microprocessor for
computers allowed
the United States
to remain in power,
the rise of internet
and
overproduction for
the global supply
chain must be met.
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
8. The Information Age

The intensified
access of internet
around the world,
with the support of
newer technologies,
created a new
system digitally as
well as a virtual
interaction of
people.
THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
Constructivism Theory Postmodernism Theory

Marxist Theory Feminism Theory

Political Realism Theory Transformational Theory

Liberalism Theory Eclecticism Theory

THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
Liberalism Theory Political Realism Theory

It places a strong emphasis With the dynamics of

on how economic globalization, it significantly
interconnectedness, open trade values the role of power and
and free markets all contribute to self-interest in pursuing an
the promotion of globalization. increased economic and
Thus, increases everyone’s
military dominance which
efficiency, production
identified instability
and prosperity;
circling around and war as byproduct
mutual cooperation. of this phenomenon.
THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
Marxist Theory Constructivism Theory

It argues that globalization is A shared cultural practices,

the main culprit of values and beliefs caused
exploitation and economic globalization since ideas and
disparities since the capitalist social norms are strongly
elites are more favored influential. It facilitates
by the global the process of
economy at the dispersing the new
expense of ideas and supports
underprivileged. cultural variation.
THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
Postmodernism Theory Feminism Theory

It objectively highlights The influence of gender and

the causal effects of gender inequality is
globalization towards dramatically furthered, which
cultures as it is contends an idea that
becoming homogenous women bear the
and disintegrating sudden societal and
it, but gives rise to economic change:
hybridity and new empowering and
identity. disempowering.
THEORIES OF GLOBALIZATION
Transformational Theory Eclecticism Theory

It believes that globalization It underscores the idea of

has the potential of utilizing a variety of theoretical
remodeling the world which perspectives to understand the
may lead to multiple intricate and multidimensional
identities and communities nature of globalization with
and fosters the the emphasis of
dissemination of incorporating all
democratic ideals accounts due to its
and civil society. complexities.
...questions?

...clarification?

...reactions?

end of the lesson.

GROUP ACTIVITY ACRO-NAMING
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