Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Cryptography
Cryptography is the technique of securing information and
communications through use of codes so that only those persons for whom
the information is intended can understand it and process it. Thus
preventing unauthorized access to information.
The prefix “crypt” means “hidden” and the suffix graphy means “writing”.
Cryptography is necessary when communicating over any untrusted medium
which includes just about any network , particularly the internet.
Modern cryptography concerns itself with the following four objectives:
1. Confidentiality. The information cannot be understood by anyone for
whom it was unintended.
2. [Link] information cannot be altered in storage or transit
between sender and intended receiver without the alteration being
detected.
3. Non-repudiation. The creator/sender of the information cannot deny at
a later stage their intentions in the creation or transmission of the
information.
4. Authentication. The sender and receiver can confirm each other's
identity and the origin/destination of the information.
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Plain Text:- Any communication in the language that you and I speak
that is human language , takes the form of Plain Text.
Plaintext can refer to anything which humans can understand and/or relate
to. This may be as simple as English sentences, a script, or Java code. If
you can make sense of what is written, then it is in plaintext.
Ciphertext, or encrypted text, is a series of randomized letters and
numbers which humans cannot make any sense of.
Plaintext: This is a plaintext.
Ciphertext: Aopz pz h wshpualea.
Example
consider two parties Alice and Bob. Now, Alice wants to send a message m to Bob
over a secure channel.
So, what happens is as follows.
The sender’s message or sometimes called the Plaintext, is converted into an
unreadable form using a Key k. The resultant text obtained is called the Ciphertext.
This process is known as Encryption. At the time of receival, the Ciphertext is
converted back into the plaintext using the same Key k, so that it can be read by the
receiver. This process is known as Decryption.
Alice (Sender) Bob (Receiver)
C = E (m, k) ----> m = D (C, k)
Here, C refers to the Ciphertext while E and D are the Encryption and Decryption
algorithms respectively.
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Encryption and Decryption
Encryption is the process of converting normal message (plaintext) into
meaningless message (Ciphertext). Whereas Decryption is the process
of converting meaningless message (Ciphertext) into its original form
(Plaintext).
Encryption: Encryption means that the sender converts the original information
into another form and sends the unintelligible message over the network.
Decryption: Decryption reverses the Encryption process in order to transform the
message back to the original form.
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers
Difference Between Encryption and Decryption -
[Link] Encryption Decryption
1. It is a method of transforming a It is a method of transforming
plain or clear text into ciphertext ciphertext into plain or clear
using a key. text.
2. Process of encryption takes place Process of decryption takes
at the sender’s end. place at the receiver’s end.
3. The encrypted data is called Decrypted data is called Plain text.
Ciphertext.
4. A public key or secret key is used A secret key or private key is
in the process of Encryption. used in the process of Decryption.
5. In encryption the sender sends In decryption, the receiver
the data once it is encrypted. decodes the data once it is
received.
Notes of Network Security
By:-jpwebdevelopers