Static Equilibrium in Metal Structures
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsStatic Equilibrium in Metal Structures
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsSTATIC PROJECT REPORT
TOPIC: SIMPLE METAL STRUCTURE
OBJECTIVES:
The reaction at support c will be calculated.
The tension force of the rope ABD will be calculated.
The force P at point E will be calculated that needs to be applied to keep it in
balance the bar.
Materials to be Used
Doughs
1 meter of square tube
Dynamometer
Pulley
Theoretical basis
EQUILIBRIUM OF A RIGID BODY
By definition, a particle can only have translational motion. If the resultant
if the net force acting on a particle is zero, the particle is moving
at constant speed or is at rest; in the latter case, it is said to be at
static equilibrium. But the motion of a rigid body in general is of
translation and rotation. In this case, if the resultant of both the forces and the
the torques acting on the rigid body is zero, it will not have linear acceleration nor
angular acceleration, and if it is at rest, it will be in static equilibrium. The branch of the
The mechanics that studies the static equilibrium of bodies is called statics.
For a rigid body to be in static equilibrium, two requirements must be met.
simultaneously, called equilibrium conditions. The first condition of
equilibrium is the First Law of Newton, which guarantees translational equilibrium. The
second condition of equilibrium corresponds to the equilibrium of rotation, is stated as the
next form: "the vector sum of all external torques acting on a
a rigid body around any origin is zero." This translates into the following
two equations, considered as the conditions of equilibrium of a rigid body:
As these vector equations are equivalent to six scalar equations,
it results in a final system of equations with six unknowns, so we will limit the
analysis of situations where all the forces acting on a rigid body are
in the xy plane, where r is also obviously located.
With this restriction, one must deal only with three scalar equations, two of the
first condition of equilibrium and one of the second, then the system of
Vector equations (6.3) and (6.4) simplify to the following scalar equations:
When dealing with rigid body problems, the force of must be considered
gravity or the weight of the body, and include in the calculations the torque produced by it
weight. To calculate the torque due to the weight, it can be considered as if all the weight
was concentrated on a single point, called the center of gravity. They have
Have you ever asked why the Leaning Tower of Pisa doesn't fall, or why it is impossible?
touching your toes without falling when you are standing on your heels
against the wall? Why when you carry a heavy load with one hand, do you extend and
do you lift the other arm? To answer this we must define the concepts of center
of mass and center of gravity and its application to static equilibrium.
EXPERIMENT
∑MC=0+
( ) ( ) ( )
( ( )( ) )
( )
Sum= of FX + Sum of forces in the y direction equals zero
FREE SOLID DIAGRAM
TDB
TAB P
CX
CY
GRAPHS, CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS
1. Observations and data
a) data table
F (N) Ymax(m)
44
86
130
172
∑M= 0
- (4.9) (5) + B (55) =0
B= 0.45 N
F = KX F = KX
F = k (XF - XI) F = k (XF - XI)
K= (XF-XI)/F (XF-XI) = F/K
K= (2-0)/9.8 (F + XI) / K
K= 0.20 XF = (14.7 / 0.20) + 2
7.5mm
b) Graph of Ymax vs. F:
c) Calculation of slope with its respective error:
m=
( )
m=
m=
a= =δ
b=
m=
|| ||
|| | |
|| ( ) | |()
()
( )
d) Moment of Inertia of the cross-sectional area with its respective error.
Knowing that:
b = (0.55 ± 0.1) mm
h = (.05 ± 0.1) mm
( )( )
[ ]
Starting from:
|| ||
|| | |
( ) ( )( )
| |( ) | |( )
( ) [ ]
e) With the known values of L and I, determine the value of E using the slope
finding their respective error.
Knowing that:
L = (800 ± 1) mm
()
[]
( )( )
Starting from:
|| || ||
| | | | | |
( ) ( )
| |( ) | |( )
( )( ) ( )
( )
| |( )
( )
( ) []
conclusions
The application of the applied forces in the two and three places respectively on the
beam, the calculations allowed us to verify the degree of deformation of the spring and that
weight we would need for the structure to be at a point of equilibrium.