TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF PANAMA

FACULTY OF SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF EXACT SCIENCES
HIGHER MATHEMATICS FOR ENGINEERS
PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PRACTICE # 6: SOLUTION OF PDE BY SEPARATION OF VARIABLES

I. SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS BY

SEPARATION OF VARIABLES

2 2 2 2
. = 2.4 2
= 2
3. 2
+ 2
= 4. +3 =0

2
5. = + 6. y + =0 7. k −
2
= k>0

2 2 2 2 2
8. =9
2 2
9. 2
=2 + 10. a =
2 2

II. SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH

BORDER CONDITIONS

2 2
1. 2
=9 2
0 < x < 4; u 0, ( = u) 4, ( = 0) ;t ≥ 0

0 < x < 3,t > 0

2 2
u (0, ) = u (3, ) = 0; t0
2. 2
equals 4
2
{
( , )0 = 0; ( x, 0=) 3(- x < x) < 3

0 < x < π,t > 0

2 2
u 0, = ( , ) = 0;
( ) tgreater than or equal to 0
3. =
2 2
{
( , )0 = ; ( x,0=) 1; 0 < x < 3

0 < x < 2π,t > 0

2 2
u (0, ) = u (2π, ) = 0; tgreater than or equal to 0
4. =8
2 2
{
3x, x≤ ≤
( , )0 ={ ; ( x, 0=) 0
6π - 3xπ ≤ x ≤ 2π

ANSWERS: I. SEPARATION OF VARIABLES

( + )
1. u (x, )=

CASE : 20

Prof. Alejandro Hernández Espino - Technological University of Panama

 ( , ) =( − 2 -2
1 + 2 )( 3 + 4 )
( , ) =( 1 ℎ + 2 )(ℎ 3 Cosh 2xt + C4 Senh )2ct
: 2= 0
( , ) =( 1+ 2 )( 3+ 4 )
: 2< 0
( ,) =( 1 + 2 )( 3 Cos 2πt + C4 Sen )2t

CASE I: 20

2 √ √
. >1: u (x, ) = (1 ℎ + 2 ℎ) ( 3 Cos 1−2 + 4 Sen 1− 2 )
2
. = u x,( =) 1( ℎ + 2 ℎ )( 3+ 4)
2 ( , ) =( )ℎ √ 2 √
. < 1: 1 ℎ + 2 ( 3 Cosh 1− + 4 Senh 1−2 )
CASE II: 2= 0
( , ) =( 1+ 2 )( 3 ℎ + 4 )ℎ
CASE III: 2< 0
( ,) =( ) 3√ +1y+√
+ ( 2 ℎ C4 2 ℎ + 1 y)
1 2

1
(3 − ) +( -1 ) ( 2− 2)
4. u (x, )= 5. u (x, )= 6. u (x, ) = 2

CASE I: 20

( 2 -1) 2
( ,) = ( ℎ ) +( ℎ ) ( -1)

CASE II: 2= 0
( ,) = − + −

CASE III: 2< 0

−( 2 +1) 2
( ,) =( ) +( ) −( +1)

8. CASE I: 20
( , ) = ( 1 Cosh 3x + C2Sen h 3x)(C3 ℎ + 2 ℎ )
CASE II: 2= 0
( , ) =( 1+ 2 )( 3+ 4 )
CASE III: 2< 0
( , ) = ( 1 Cos 3x + C2Sen 3x)(C3 + 2 )

9. CASE I: 20
2 2
( ,) = √ ℎ2 2 + 1 y + Be√Sine2 2+ 1 y
CASE II: 2= 0
( ,) = ℎ + ℎ
Prof. Alejandro Hernández Espino - Technological University of Panama
 CASE III: 2< 0
1 −
1
− 2
. 2 > : (, )= 2 √ 2 1-2 + Sen √ 1- 2A 2
2
1 − 2 2
. 2 = : (, )= + −
2
1 −
1 2
. 2 < : (, )= 2 √ℎ 2 1 − −2̅ Senh
+ √ 1- 2 2
2

10. CASE I: 20
a>0 0: , ( =) ( 1 ℎ√ 2 + √ ℎ)( 3 √ 4 ℎ√ ) + ℎ
a<0 , ( = ) ( 1 ℎ √ +
2 √ ℎ )( 3 √ 4 √ ) +
a>0 < 0: ,( =) ( 1 √ 2+ √ )( 3 √ 4 ℎ √ ) + ℎ
a<0 < 0: (, )= ( 1 √ 2+ √ )( 3 √ 4 √ ) +

CASE II: 2= 0
( , ) =( 1+ 2 )( 3+ 4 )

CASE III: 2< 0

a>0 > , ( =) ( 1 √ +2 √ )( 3 √ 4 √ ) +
a<0 > , ( =) ( 1 √ +2 √ )( 3 √ 4 ℎ √ ) + ℎ
a>0 < 0: ,( =) ( 1 ℎ√ 2 + √ )(ℎ 3 √ 4 √ ) +
a<0 < 0: (, )= ( 1 ℎ√ 2 + √ )(ℎ 3 √ 4 √ℎ ) + ℎ

ANSWERS: II. SEPARATION OF VARIABLES WITH BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

∞
3nπ 3nπ
u , ( = ∑) [ + ]; 0<x<4
4 4 4 4
=1
∞
108 1 (2n - 1)π 2(2n - 1)π
2. u ( , )= ∑ ;0<x<3
4 (2n - 1)4 3 3
=1
∞
4 1
3. u ( , )= ∑ Sen (2n- 1 x Sen
) (2n - 1)t ; 0 < x < π
( 2n - 1 ) 2
=1
∞
24 ( -1 +1
) (2n - 1)
4. u ( , )= ∑ √ 2(2n - 1)t ; 0 < x < 2π
(2n - 1)2 2
=1

Prof. Alejandro Hernández Espino - Technological University of Panama