Diving Physics Calculations Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsDiving Physics Calculations Guide
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsSTATE OF ALAGOAS
STATE SECRETARY OF PUBLIC SECURITY
MILITARY FIRE BRIGADE
Superintendency of Education and Research
MILITARY FIRE ACADEMY
NCO Training Course
MEMORIAL OF CALCULATION – DIVING PHYSICS
1. Cylinder with 12 liters of air and charged to 300 Atm, used at 20m...? (Calculation of
Autonomy.
a. Define air consumption at the surface
This consumption will be predetermined, varying between 20L/min to 25L/min, we will call
by the acronymC
b. Determine the air consumption at diving depth
To define this value, it is necessary to multiply the air consumption of the surface (item a)
by the total pressure of the diving depth
In the specific case of the issue, we will refer to Autonomy of Ae as the depth
At a depth of 20 meters, the total pressure will be 3 atm (for every 10 meters of water column).
pressure increases to 1atm) therefore: Cdive depth= CsurfacexPtotal →
Cdiving depth= 25x3 →
Cdiving depth75 liters per minute
c. Calculate the amount of air, in liters, in the cylinder (we will call it Q)
It will be obtained by the product of the pressure in the cylinder by the volume of the container.
Q = PcylinderxVcontainer
Q = 300x12
Q = 3600L
d. Determine the dive autonomy
Finally, to determine the autonomy, simply divide the quantity (Q) of air by
consumption at dive depth
A = Q/Cdiving depth
A = 3600/75
48 min
A balloon with 6 liters of air at the surface (sea level) will occupy how many liters at 20?
meters of depth? (Boyle-Mariotte's Law)
a. Problem data
Vinitial= 6L
Vfinal= ?
Hwater column= 20m → Pfinal= 3atm
Pstarts= 1 atm
b. Calculations
Pinitialx VinitialPfinalx Vfinal
1 x 6 = 3 x Vfinal
Vfinal= 2
Vfinal= 2L
3. After charging a cylinder with 200 Bar, its temperature is 37ºC. After being cooled,
The temperature dropped to 27ºC. What is its new pressure? (Charles' Law / Gay-Lussac)
a. Problem data
Pinitial= 200 bar
Tinitial37ºC→310K
Tfinal27ºC equals 300K
Pfinal= ?
b. Calculations
Pinitial/ Tinitial= Pfinal/ Tfinal
200 / 310 = Pfinal/ 300
Pfinal= (200 x 300) / 310
Pfinal193.55 bar
4. A steel cylinder with a volume of 10 liters was charged with a pressure of 150
At the moment, the temperature has risen to 127ºC. What volume of air will be released into the atmosphere?
When the temperature is 27ºC? (General Gas Law)
a. Dados do problema
Vinitial10 liters
Pinitial= 150 atm
Tinitial127º C → 400 K
Vfinal= ?
Pfinal= 1atm (pressure at sea level, since the volume of air is released for
atmosphere
Tfinal27ºC → 300K
b. Calculation
(Pinitialx Vinitial) / Tinitial= (Pfinalx Vfinal) / Tfinal
(150 x 10) / 400 = (1 x Vfinal) / 300
1500 / 4 = Vfinal/ 3
Vfinal(1500 x 3) / 4
Vfinal= 1125 L
5. What will be the partial pressure of inhaled O?2e N220 meters deep, using
compressed air? (Dalton's Law)
a. Define partial pressure of gases at the surface (sea level)
According to Dalton's law, the total pressure of gases in a given container is
equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases that make up this container
Knowing that on the Earth's surface aPtotal= 1atm, and knowing that it is composed
basically 79% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, the partial pressure of each
two gases will correspond to their mole fraction, that is, it will be given by the product of the
total pressure by the percentage in decimal:
PPN2= 1 Atm x 79 % = 1 Atm x 0.79 0.79 Atm
PPO2= 1 Atm x 21 % = 1 Atm x 0.21 0.21 Atm
b. Define the partial pressure of the gas at the desired depth
In the specific case in dispute, the desired depth is 20m, which has total pressure.
Atm. Logo, to find the partial pressure of each gas (nitrogen and oxygen) to
At a depth of 20m, it is enough to multiply the partial pressure of each gas at the surface by the
total pressure at the desired depth. Thus we have:
PPN2= 3 Atm x 79 % = 3 Atm x 0.79 = 2.37 Atm
PPO2 = 3 Atm x 21 % = 3 Atm x 0.21 0.63 Atm
To confirm if the found answer is correct, simply sum the pressures.
partials and check if the result corresponds to total pressure
6. Doubts
Any questions, contact by phone (82) 99637-4335 – WhatsApp of the 1st lieutenant
Percia