UNIROVUMA

EXERCISE SHEET I
Descriptive Statistics

1. Differentiate descriptive statistics from inferential statistics.

2. What is the difference between population and sample?

3. Which of the following statements characterizes Descriptive Statistics or Statistical Inference?

The average age of students in the Accounting and Auditing course is 23 years.
b) The average salary of the 10 highest paid employees at the WXZ company is 75565.85 MT.
c) The International Labour Organization estimates that 180 million people are
unemployed worldwide.
A recent study showed that more than 80% of USTM students spend their weekends
weeks away from your home.

4. A manager puts forward the hypothesis that the average monthly salary of workers in a company
security is less than 4000.00 mt. To test this hypothesis, 500 cases were selected.
workers of this company and determined the salary of each one.
a) Describe the population
b) Describe the variable of interest.
c) Describe the sample.

5I. dentify and classify the variable

Student notes Number of Students Student's name Grade of the 1st test
0 to 5 12 Alberto 12.4
5 to 10 35 John 17.5
10 to 20 20 Path 8.5
Total 67 Delcia 11

6. Say what type of variable (quantitative or qualitative) is being analyzed in each of the
following cases:
a) Number of registrations in social security;
b) Average weight of newborns;
c) Altitude above sea level

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 d) A survey conducted with 1000 people indicates that 400 of them are subscribers to a
online computer service;
Each camel cigarette contains 16.13 mg of tar;

7. Consider the following variables: a) Eye color, b) age, c) ethnic group, d) size of
family member
temperature
student from a school, n) area of a circle, o) quantity of books in a library, p) salary of the
employees of a company, q) Diameter of a sphere, r) volume of water contained in a
swimming pool.
i. Classify all variables as qualitative (attributes) or quantitative.
ii. Categorize the quantitative variables as discrete or continuous.
iii. Categorize as qualitative variables as nominal or ordinal.

8. Consider the variable 'age'. Show how this variable can be nominal and indicate the categories.
9. Assuming you want to conduct a study on each of the indicated topics, state, justifying, which ones.
would use a sample:

a) Quality control of the education provided by Mozambican private schools;

b) Utilization of 2nd year Physics students;
c) Market analysis for the launch of a new brand of toothpaste;
d) Health status of the eggs in a storage facility;
e) Audience levels of television channels in a country.

10. Classify each of the following variables, justify your answer.

Age

11. A sociologist wants to know the opinion of employed women about the government's policy on
regarding daycares. She has a list of all the women who pay dues to one of the unions. She
send a questionnaire to 100 of these women, chosen at random. Of these, 68 respond and
they return the questionnaire.

what is the population in this case

b) Do you think the sample is representative?
c) What is the variable under study and classify it.

12. Consider the following statement: "a group of 1450 households was randomly
chosen in all the provinces of Mozambique to study the problem of hunger. For this study
the daily expenditure in meticais of each household was recorded, showing an average value of 17.00 MT, which is
lower than 52.50 MT for all households in the country, with a variance of 3.50 MT and 2.00
MT, respectively.
What is the population in this case?
b) What is the variable under study and classify it.
c) Do you think the sample is representative? Justify.

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 13. In a class of a certain course, 52 students are enrolled. The survey of the
heights (cm) revealed the following data:

161 153 151 148 172 160 157 170 158 163 155 155 148 157 162 175 168 153
165 149 156 156 160 158 167 152 155 156 161 152 160 162 152 168 157 155
163 165 168 165 160 159 157 160 152 154 158 172 151 157 161 159

Put the data in order;

b) Present the data in classes; Calculate relative and cumulative frequencies;
c) Present the table of absolute frequency distribution
d) Present the histogram of frequency distributions;
e) Apresente a i) ogiva. ii) O diagrama Box-plot e o gráfico de caule-folha.
iii) establish the comparison between the histogram, the distribution curve and the graph of
stem-leaf.
Calculate (i) the mean (ii) median (iii) mode (iv) the standard deviation of the students' heights.
dispersao
h) Sketch the distribution curve.

14. The table on the side shows a frequency distribution of salaries, in USD, of workers from
a factory.
Salary (USD) No of
a) Determine the average and standard deviation of the salary
workers
of the workers. 140-160 12
b) What is the percentage of workers from 160-180 24
factory with salaries not less than 200 USD? 180-200 36
200-220 27
c) Build the histogram and the polygon of
frequency of workers' salaries. 220-240 15
240-260 6

14. Given the heights of 140 students, the sample distribution below was obtained:

Heights 145-150 150-155 155-160 160-165 165-170 170-175 175-180 180-185

(cm)
Number of 2 10 25 38 27 21 10 7
students

Calculate:
The arithmetic mean;
Q1 (e Q3 ) e) The mean absolute deviation; f) The sample variance;
d) The quarters
The sample standard deviation;

15. The following table shows the monthly school dropout results for girls in a
determined province

Months Feb March April May Jun Jul August Set. Out.

Number of 28 40 90 88 60 76 124 200 60

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 students

The variable in question and its classification.

b) Total number of evasions
c) The percentage of girls who dropped out of school from May to September
d) Build the bar chart of the data

40 children from a class were asked what shoe sizes they wear. The answers were
registered in the following table:

Shoe size Fi fi Fac

28 2 0.050 2
29 0.125
31 0.400 23
32
33 3 0.075

a) Complete the table in order to obtain the frequencies associated with the problem.
b) Calculate the mode, the average, and the median

The chart below describes the results of the 12th grade Mathematics exams at school X.

a) Find the mode and the median

b) Evaluate the degree of dispersion of the data

The chart below describes the results of the mathematics exams at school X.

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 a) Find the histogram and the polygon of absolute frequencies.
b) Classify the data regarding dispersion and skewness

16. Consider the statement: 'a random sample of 200 female university students'
has an average height of 162.3 cm, which is taller than the average of 161.5 cm of all
Mozambican adult women. Considering the statement,
Indicate the population
b) What is the variable under study? Classify it.
c) What is the statistical unit?
d) Do you think the sample is representative?

[Link] a study conducted at a school, data were collected regarding the following variables:
Age D) Math grade (E)
time spent daily on study
number of siblings. Classify each of the variables.