Understanding Bench Vise Components
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ScribdTranslationsUnderstanding Bench Vise Components
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ScribdTranslationsINTRODUCTION
The use of the screw (also known as a screw rod) dates back to the beginnings of
mechanics, as a part for fastening components (wood screws or
metal) or as a mechanism to exert forces (jack, press, bench vise,
micrometer, etc.) Vices are essential for working with pieces
folding, sawing, hammering, filing, marking, assembling, disassembling, drilling
brush, etc.
Origin
In 1830, the first iron vise was manufactured in England.
cast iron. As is known, cast iron allows for the manufacture of objects of
any form. However, this procedure has the disadvantage
that in the interior of the cast piece pores can form, which
it results in a brittle structure of a resistance
insufficient which can lead to breakage in cases of heavy loads.
What are Vices or Bench Clamps?
Basically, a hammer is a tool of great robustness, of variable size, of a
weight that can vary widely between 200 g and 30 kg, and consists of:
Clamps: A pair of clamps serve to hold the piece tightly and prevent it from moving.
move.
Crank: Also called a screw spindle, it is the part of the screw that is manually rotated.
to open or close the clamp.
Support base: It serves to keep the part balanced on a stable surface. This
It can be fixed or rotating depending on the model of the vise.
Jaws or Mouths: They consist of two types: The fixed and the movable. The fixed mouth is located
static in the piece while the movable mouth moves inside it via an axis
coiled into a nut. This shaft is shaped at one of its ends by a
crank. It is at the mouths where the jaws are screwed on to give stability to the
piece, and these close when turning the crank clockwise If turned
In the opposite direction, the mouth opens to release the piece.
Safety rules for use of the
bench vise
We mainly distinguish 4 very basic safety rules, but that
we must apply it perfectly if we want to achieve optimal performance
our tool as well as working free of all risk:
1. Do not unscrew the vice screw all the way, as it could fall off and
to cause an accident.
2. You need to ensure that the clamps do not loosen as this could cause
a fall of the piece.
3. Never place your fingers between the jaws. If you want more information
about how to increase the protection of your hands, visitthis article about
work gloves.
4. Do not keep your jaws tight after finishing the work or strike the
spoon.
TYPES OF BENCH SCREWS
parallel bench vice
The bench vice or parallel vise is one of the most used types.
around the world, as their jaws will always remain
parallel in the opening that they place it, being able to hold pieces for
work in different sizes and shapes, without the need to do
too much pressure on her. This screw is made of iron
cast or molten steel, the latter being the most expensive if desired
acquire.
In the category of parallel walruses, we can achieve a great
variety of models depending on what they will be used for. Let's get to know
So the most common types of this kind of vice.
Parallel bench vice
This is one of the most used in the world of work.
blacksmithing, plumbing, carpentry, etc. It is used to be able to grip
large objects and of great weight. The base is firmly screwed in
a workbench. In this type, we can find three types.
Bench vice with fixed base
It is the most common and economical on the market and can be acquired for a
wide variety of brands and sizes.
Bench vice with rotating base
With this clamp, the base can be moved at an angle of 180º for
that the working conditions are optimal.
Bench vise with anvil
In this type, you will see that there is an anvil attached to the fixed mouth of
the vise, which is very useful for doing small jobs of
hammered in order to give the desired shape or flatten the piece.
Bench vice
These are rather light and practically portable walruses.
the tool can be placed on a workbench through
a clamp that is located at the bottom of the surface. Its
Muzzles are ribbed in order to firmly hold the
part that is going to be worked on. In some cases, you may be able to obtain models
that include a rotating base. This vice can be
used to hold lighter materials.
Pipe or tube bench vice
As its name suggests, this type of vice is
specifically designed for holding workpieces
round, like pipes. It can be used manually, they are
portable and truly durable. Its jaws are located
located in 'V', which allows the pieces to be arranged
especially to block them in the desired position. This
The model can be placed on a bench or table, but it can also
mounted on a shelf or tripod. Here you can work with pipes of
up to 8 inches in diameter that need to be cut or
twisted.
In this sense, we can then find two types of screws of
pipe banks which are: hinge clamps and clamps to
chain.
The first ones are made with an upper clamp that can be
a swing and a lower one that will always be fixed. These are
interchangeable and are generally made with cast steel very
resistant. The seconds of this category come with two jaws
fixed parts that can be interchangeable and manufactured in casting.
Flat bench vises
The interesting thing about this type of screw is that it is designed
mainly so that it can be screwed onto a drill, lathe or
workbench. The base of this can be rotating or fixed and you can
available in two sizes with the jaws designed for different
cases according to the opening. This vise can be used to hold
small pieces of wood or metal and to make holes.
Combined bench vise
As its name indicates, this type of screw is a fusion between
the parallel vice and the pipe vice or
pipes. It can have a fixed or rotating base that can be
screwed tightly to a bench or table and is used especially
to hold very heavy workpieces, to shape
metals, perforate it and perform the cutting or threading of a tube of up to
8 inches.
Bench vice or blacksmith's vice
It is made of the best forged steel, making it super durable.
Its name of smith's walrus comes from the time when the
workers were making and creating horseshoes for the horses in
the towns.
This type of vise is used to hold the workpiece.
and to be able to hit it with a heavy hammer. This makes this type of
Anvil sea ideal for forging and blacksmithing work.
It is secured in a sturdy bench or can also be fixed to
the wall with a solid and long leg that is secured to the floor, but
this always depends on the worker's needs.
The disadvantage of using this vise is that it cannot be used in
mechanical adjustment work since their jaws do not hold
parallel, which causes the workpieces to not be held
in the best way and can deform if tightened too much.
Differentiation of types according to their function
Depending on the use for which the vises are intended, we will find
the following uses:
They are the bench vices used in a wide variety of jobs.
manual mechanics.
Tool-machine fixation: A variant of the bench vise used for fixing
parts that are going to be used.
Carpenter: A type of bench vise used by the carpentry guild.
for the fixation of wooden pieces.
The pliers: They are screws with two jaws with a common pivot point in the shape of
scissors. They are usually used manually.
DIAGRAM
PROCESS
1. MANUFACTURE OF THE WOODEN MOLD AND CASTING PROCESS To make the model, it
First, according to the dimensions of the design, a piece of wood is made.
then when the model is ready, it moves to the molding stage, which is done in sand,
it consists of generating the 'negative' of the piece to be manufactured. Then the channels are added
feeding, through which the molten metal (Fe) will be introduced this operation is called
from 'casting'; after an appropriate time, approximately a day, the molten metal is
solidifies taking the shape of the cavity. Finally, we proceed to the demolding stage, the
which involves removing the cast piece, after the prior cutting of the channels
feeding, thus leaving the cast piece ready for the respective machining.
2. MACHINING OF THE CAST PIECE
2.1. MILLING Once the cast piece has been obtained, the surface is flattened and roughened.
from the fixed base, as well as from the movable clamp, using the machine-tool
milling machine with a 5/8 inch end mill and moving the piece in three axes of
movement, for uniform machining.
After this operation, we obtain the piece with a smoother surface as shown in
The following figure: A iron file is used to make some corrections.
on the surface, such as sharp edges. Filing of parts (after milling)
3. MANUFACTURE OF THE SCREW
3.1. TURNING For the manufacturing of the screw, a AISI 1045 steel bar of 20 was used.
mm in diameter, which was machined using the lathe machine tool, this consisted of
in the following operations. It is worth noting that during this operation, it was added on the
part (screw) coolant to prevent the internal structure of the part from
modify.
Lathe operations
1. The body of the screw is cylindrical, leaving the AISI 1045 steel bar at a diameter of 15.
mm.
2. Cylinder head (stop) For these operations, a cutting burin was used, which is
used to slice the thickness of the bar until it reaches its proper diameter.
3. The body of the screw is threaded, resulting in the finished piece using an HSS blade.
high-speed steel
4. The channels of the screw or slotting are formed to prevent the moving jaw from
separate from the screw.
Finished screw
Threaded Cylinder
Obtaining the small tops In the same way that the rolling was done, the
small pieces to later separate them with a knife for chopping
3.2. DRILLING Through this operation, we obtain through and blind holes.
respective for each of the corresponding parts of the piece.
The screw is drilled with a 10 mm diameter drill bit.
2. Then the end of the vice (jaw) is drilled to obtain a hole through which
The screw will pass, this hole was made by a 3/8 inch drill bit.
3. Like the base, the movable jaw is also drilled to be attached with the screw by
middle of a shoelace.
4. The following drilling operation is carried out on the platinum plates, two of
they will be part of the gags as well as the stop plate.
5. Finally, the holes were made in the mounting ears so that our screw could
bank focuses on a desired surface.
3.3. WELDING To join the stoppers with the handle, arc welding was performed.
electric using an AW 3-32 stainless steel rod.
3.4. GRINDING As seen in the figure, the piece has certain crusts or slag, the
Which ones were removed using the grinder.
3.5. THREADING To make the threads, a tap with its respective handle was used.
FINISH OF THE PIECE
3.6. RECTIFIED This machine-tool was used to perform machining for
abrasion to achieve greater dimensional accuracy and lower roughness than it left the
machining process, that is to say, a better finish of the piece.
3.7. PAINTING The last finishing operation that was performed on our vise.
we use hammered paint to protect it from atmospheric agents
MACHINE TOOLS USED
MILLING MACHINE
LATHE
VERTICAL DRILL
GRINDER
GRINDSTONE