Electrodynamics Terms Explained
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ScribdTranslationsElectrodynamics Terms Explained
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ScribdTranslationsGLOSSARY OF ELECTRODYNAMICS
Electric circuit:
It is an association of several electrical devices to one or several sources of
power (ddp) through electrical conductors (cables or wires). A circuit
simple can consist of an electrical device associated with a given voltage.
a generator through a power switch and a safety fuse,
that is to say, it consists of a single branch. This is a series circuit and there is a
current flows (theoretically from the positive terminal to the negative)
generator, really from negative to positive, for calculation purposes it
use the theoretical current.
If it consists of two or more branches, it is a mixed association. The joining of branches is
denominating which is nothing more than a point in the circuit where it occurs
division or union of electrical currents.
In this circuit, we can see that the third switch is located
open so the current flow to the third light bulb is
interrupted because it is not working (on). This is
a circuit in which the lamps (resistors) and switches are located
in parallel with the fuse that is in series with the generator. Now there exists
a current that goes from the generator to the parallel and divides at the nodes to
feeding each of the branches where there is an independent current in
each of them. The voltage drop across each of the resistors is the
same.
Generator:
Electrical device that allows the generation of electric charge in a way
that from it an intensity of current can be produced towards others
electrical devices connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed manner to it. The
The origin of electric generation can be chemical or physical (generator of
direct current and alternating current generator.
A voltage difference is produced between the terminals of a direct current generator.
which in turn generates it in the devices that connect or associate with
him. Another example is thermoelectric generators which are generators of
low power direct current without moving parts. They are used for
applications in uninhabited remote installations. They generate based on the
natural gas combustion, wellhead gas or liquefied gas. They are also used in
the oil and gas industry for cathodic protection, SCADA systems and
telecommunications.
A thermoelectric generator directly converts heat into electricity.
Heat induces the circulation of an electric current as it flows from the burner.
from gas through the thermoelectric module (thermopile). To generate electricity
through the thermoelectric effect, a thermoelectric module and a
temperature difference between both sides of it. Given that the
current flow also generates heat migration, hot sources
and cold must continuously supply and dissipate heat to maintain that
difference. In practice, the basic elements of generators
there are three thermoelectrics:
• Hot source: gas catalytic burner or heater in almost all
cases.
Energy conversion device: thermoelectric module or thermopile.
Cold source: finned aluminum heatsink, refrigerant tubes or radiators.
The basic schema uses the following principle:
In the bimetallic junction, electronic generation occurs due to the effect of the
thermal energy received.
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Electric current intensity:
It is the amount of charge per unit of time that flows through a branch of a
electric circuit. The amount of charge is considered as the number of
electrons that circulate through the charge of each electron.
i = q / t = ne-/ t
Its unit of measurement in the international system is the relationship between coulomb and
second, which is called ampere:
[A] = [c / s]
In the cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system, the unit is: ues/s, meaning the relationship
among the electrostatic units of charge with the second. 1c = 2.9979 x 109
ues.
It is a scalar physical quantity but has a sense of path in the respective.
The branch is from the point of higher voltage to that of lower voltage.
value of voltage.
Ohm:
GEORG SIMON
German physicist and mathematician. Discovered one of the fundamental laws of
electric current circuits, known as 'Ohm's Law'.
Georg Simon Ohm, German physicist and mathematician, was born on March 16th.
1789 in Erlangen, Bavaria. Both his father, a locksmith by trade,
a broad culture for the time acquired in a self-taught manner, like the
mother, they were responsible for transmitting knowledge to the children of
mathematics, physics, chemistry, and philosophy.
Around 1805, Georg Simon enrolled in the University of Erlangen, which he left.
after the third semester, as the dissolute life I led interfered with my studies.
For that reason, his parents sent him to Switzerland, where he began to work as
teacher at a school in Gottstadt near Nydan and continued studying mathematics.
In 1811, he returned to the University of Erlangen and upon completing his studies, the government of
Bavaria offered him a position as a teacher of mathematics and physics in a modest
Bamberg school, but as his aspirations were to become a professor
university student, decided that from that moment he would have to prove his worth.
any way to achieve government recognition.
Six years later, he received an offer to teach mathematics and physics at
a Jesuit high school in Cologne. In that institution, with better material conditions
that in the previous places where he had worked, he was able to count on a physics lab
well equipped. There he began to conduct his first experiments with electricity
after learning about the research conducted in 1820 by the Danish physicist
Ørsted.
As a result of his research, in 1827 Georg Simon Ohm discovered one of
the fundamental laws of electric current, which we now know asLaw of
OhmThis important law states that 'the current that flows through an electrical circuit
closed, it is directly proportional to the tension applied to it, and inversely
proportional to the resistance offered by the load that is connected to it.
the mathematical representation of this law is as follows:
REPRESENTATION OF THE GENERAL FORMULA OF OHM'S LAW FOR A
CLOSED ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
The representation on the left constitutes the formula
general mathematics of Ohm's Law, where 'I' is the
current intensity in amperes (A) that flows through a
closed electric circuit; (E) the tension or voltage in volts
(V) applied to the circuit itself and (R) the value in ohms ( )
from the resistance or load it has connected. The formula
from the right constitutes a more practical variant,
where 'V', just like in the previous formula, represents
the tension or voltage; 'I' the intensity of the current in
ampere (A) and the resistance in ohms (Ω) of the load
applied.
This law evidences the close relationship existing between the flow orintensity of the
currentthe current in amperes (A) flowing through a closed electrical circuit; thetension or
voltage(E), in volts (V), which is applied and the value of theresistance(R), in ohm ( )
of the load connected to that circuit.
But his groundbreaking discovery was not recognized by the physicists of the
time, nor did it help him realize his dream of obtaining the longed-for
appointment of university professor.
His bitterness at the little recognition received was reflected in a writing where
he presented the results of his research, titled 'Mathematical Theory of the Circuit'
galvanic." In the prologue, the following quote appears: "the circumstances in which I have
so far have certainly not been the most favorable for me
they discourage me from continuing my studies; the public's indifference dampens my spirits and
"I threaten to extinguish my love for science."
In March 1828, he decided to settle in Berlin and in 1833 he accepted a position as
professor in Nuremberg. In 1842 the Royal Society admitted him as a member to
recognize the merit of their research work and in 1845 the Academy
I also name Bávara as a member, with full rights.
Around 1849, George Simon Ohm began to serve as the curator of
physics cabinet of the Bavarian Academy and also to give lectures at the
University of Munich. In 1852, he finally achieved the realization of his lifelong dream.
life upon being appointed professor of physics at this last university.
Two years later, on July 6, 1854, this distinguished mathematician and physicist passed away in the
own city of Munich from her native Bavaria (now Germany). In honor of her
memory, twenty-seven years after his death, at the International Exhibition of
Electricity conducted in Paris in 1881 adopted the 'ohm' and its symbol ( ) (letter
Greek 'omega') as a unit of measurement of theelectrical resistance.
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Pouillet:
Claude - Servais - Mathias (1790 - 1868).
French physicist. Professor at the Polytechnic School and at the Sorbonne, he invented the
tangent compass, a magnetic pyrometer and a phelbiometer.
Claude - Servais - Mathias Pouillet
Source:Fisicanet
Resistor:
It is an electrical device in which a voltage drop is generated.
heat and/or luminescence. Its basic equation is given by Ohm's law which
generate the following calculation equation: V = iR; where: V is the voltage drop;
the intensity of current that flows through the resistor and R the resistance of the
resistor. This last electrical characteristic is the property that certain resistors present.
resistors do not allow electric current to pass easily through them.
The Joule's law is also fulfilled, which allows us to calculate the power.
dissipated in it, which transforms into a quantity of heat per unit of time
or in luminescence per unit of time, depending on the work done by the
resistor. The calculation of this power is given through the following equation:
P = iV; where P is the power dissipated, i is the current intensity, and V is the voltage drop.
of voltage in the resistor.
The resistance of a resistor is determined by its manufacturing.
you can read or recognize through a color code that is painted on it: