Overview of Single Point Injection Systems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsOverview of Single Point Injection Systems
Translated by
ScribdTranslationsSingle-point injection systems
This system emerged from the need to reduce the costs associated with the systems of
multi-point injection at that time (early 1990s) and due to the need for
remove the carburetor in low-cost utility cars to comply with regulations
increasingly restrictive anti-pollution measures. The single point system consists of a single injector
placed before the gas butterfly, where the gasoline is at pulses and at a pressure of
0.5 bar.
The three fundamental elements that make up the framework of an injection system.
a monopoint is the injector that replaces the injectors in the case of an injection
multi-point. As in the case of the carburetor, this injector is positioned before the
gas butterfly, this is another important difference with multipoint injection systems
where the injectors are after the throttle.
The fuel dosage provided by the injector is determined by the ECU.
Which, like in multi-point injection systems, receives information from different sensors.
First of all, you need information on the amount of air that enters the collector.
Admission for this uses a flow meter, it also needs other measures such as the
engine temperature, its rotation speed, the position of the throttle valve
gases, and the composition of the mixture through the Lambda sensor. With this data, the ECU
develop a injector opening time to provide the exact amount of
flammable.
The distinguishing element of this injection system is the 'central injection unit' or
also called 'butterfly body' that externally resembles a carburetor. In this
numerous devices are concentrated in the element such as of course 'the injector', also
we have the butterfly valve, the fuel pressure regulator, the idle regulator, the
air temperature sensor, throttle position sensor, even the flow meter of
air in some cases.
The pressure regulator is of the mechanical diaphragm type, forming part of the body of
injection where the injector is located. The pressure regulator is composed of a
container housing, a mobile device consisting of a metallic body and a membrane
driven by a calibrated spring.
When the fuel pressure exceeds the determined value, the mobile device is
moves and allows the opening of the valve that releases the excess fuel,
returning to the deposit through a tube.
A calibrated orifice, provided in the throttle body, connects the chamber of
regulation with the return tube, thus allowing to reduce the hydrostatic load on the
membrane when the engine is stopped. The operating pressure is 0.8 bar.
The stepper motor, also known as the idle throttle positioner, is used for
the regulation of the engine at idle. At idle, the stepper motor acts on a
air flow in parallel with the throttle, performing a horizontal displacement adjusting
the amount of air that goes directly to the intake ducts without passing through the valve of
butterfly. In other cases, the stepper motor acts directly on the throttle butterfly
opening it at a certain angle while idling when it theoretically should be closed.
The stepper motor receives electrical pulses from the ECU control unit that
allow for precise control of the shutter movement. The stepper motor
it moves in one direction or another depending on whether it is necessary to increase or
reduce the idle speed.
This mechanism also performs the function of regulating the start-up of the
air conditioning system, when the control unit receives the information that it has been turned on
the air conditioning system commands the stepper motor to increase the
idling regime at 100 rpm.
The engine
List of a series of brands and models of vehicles that use the system of
single-point injection
VEHICLE SYSTEM YEAR
Citroën ZX/BX 1.6 MMFD Monopoint G5 1991-92
Citroën XM 1.9 MMFD Monopoint G5 1990-92
Citroën AX 1.0 Bosch MA 3.0 Mono point 1991-94
Citroën AX 1.4 BoscMA3.0 Monopoint 1991-94
Citroën AX 1.1i Bosch Monopoint A2.2 1993-94
Citroën AX/ZX 1.4i Bosch Monopoint A2.2 1991-94
Citroën Saxo 1.0 Bosch Monopoint MA31996-
Citroën Saxo 1.1 BoscMonopoint MA3.1 1996-
Fiat Regata 100S i.e. Fiat SPI 1986-90
Opel Corsa-A 1.2i/1.4i GM Multec SPI 1991-93
Opel Corsa-B 1.2i/1.4i GM Multec SPI 1993-94
Opel Astra/Astra-F 1.4i GM Multec SPI 1991-94
Opel Astra F 1.6 Multec-Central 1993-97
Opel Vectra B 1.6 GM Multec Central 1995-
Peugeot 205/309/405 1.6 MMFD Monopoint G5 1990-92
Peugeot 605 2.0 MMFD Monopoint G5 1990-92
Peugeot 106 1.1 MMFD G6 Monopoint 1993-
Peugeot 205 1.1 MMFD G6 Monopoint 1993-
Peugeot 205 1.6 MMFD G6 Monopoint 1992-94
Peugeot 306 1.1 MMFD G6 Monopoint 1993-
Peugeot 105 1.6 MMFD G6 Monopoint 1993-
Renault Clio 1.2/1.4 Bosch Monopoint SPI 1991-92
Renault 19 1.4 Bosch Monopoint SPI 1990-92
Renault Clio 1.2/1.4 AC Delco Monopoint 1994-
Renault Express 1.4 AC Delco Monopoint 1994-
Renault 19 1.4 AC Delco Single Point 1994
Renault Laguna 1.8i Bosch Monopoint 1994
Renault 19 1.8i Bosch Monopoint SPI 1992-94
Renault Clio 1.8i Bosch Single Point Injection 1992-94
Renault Clio 1.4 AC Delco Monopoint 1994-97
Renaul Extra/Express1.4 AC Delco Monopoint 1995-
Rover 820E/SE Rover SPI 1986-90
Rover Metro 1.4 16V Rover MEMS SPi 1990-92
Rover 214/414 Rover MEMS SPi 1989-92
Volkswagen Golf 1.8/catalytic converter Bosch Mono-Jetronic 1987-90
Volkswagen Jetta 1.8/cat Bosch Mono-Jetronic 1987-90
Volkswagen Passat 1.8/catalytic converter Bosch Mono-Jetronic 1988-90
Electronic Injection.
L-jetronic and associated systems
The L-Jetronic is a gasoline intermittent injection system that injects gasoline into the
intake collector at regular intervals, in quantities calculated and determined by the
control unit (ECU). The dosing system does not require any type of drive.
mechanical or electrical.
Digijet System
The Digijet system used by the Volkswagen group is similar to the L-Jetronic system with the
difference that the ECU calculates digitally the necessary amount of fuel. The ECU
it also controls idle stabilization and over-rev cut-off.
Digifant System
The Digifant system used by the Volkswagen group is an improvement of the Digijet system.
It is similar to the Motronic and incorporates some VAG parts. The ECU controls the injection of
gasoline, the ignition, the idle stabilization, and the Lambda sensor (oxygen sensor). This
the system does not have a cold start injector.
Motronic
The Motronic system combines the gasoline injection of the L-Jetronic with a system of
electronic ignition in order to form a complete engine regulation system
integrated. The main difference with the L-Jetronic lies in the digital processing of the
signals.
VEHICLE SYSTEM YEAR
Alfa 33 1.5/1.7 i.e. Bosc LE3.1/2-Jetronic 1990-92
Citroen BX 1.9 GTi Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1986-90
Citroen CX 2.5 Ri/TRi/GTi Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1983-90
Fiat Uno Turbo i.e. Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1985-90
Jaguar XJ6 1.6/Sovereign Lucas LH 1986-90
Lancia Thema 2000 i.e. Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1985-90
Lancia Thema 2000 i.e. Turbo Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1985-90
Lancia Thema Turbo 16V Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1988-92
Lancia Thema V6 Bosch LE2.2-Jetronic 1988-92
Opel Corsa GSI Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1988-90
Opel Kadett E 1.8i Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1986-90
Opel Ascona C 1.8i Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1986-88
Opel Vectra 1.8i Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1988-90
Opel Omega 1.8i Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1986-88
Opel Senator 2.5i/3.0i Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1988-90
Peugeot 205 GTi CTi 1.6/1.9 Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1984-91
Peugeot 309 SRi/GTi 1.6/1.9 Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1986-91
Peugeot 405 Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1988-90
Peugeot 505 GTi Bosch LE3-Jetronic 1983-90
Peugeot 205/309 1.6/1.9 Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1984-92
Peugeot 605 2.0 Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1989-92
Saab 900 Turbo 16V Bosch LH-Jetronic 1984-91
Saab 9000i 16V/Turbo Bosch LH-Jetronic 1985-91
Seat Ibiza 1.5i/cat Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1988-90
Seat Malaga 1.5i/catalytic converter Bosch LE2-Jetronic 1988-90
Volvo 740 GLT 2.3 16V catalytic converter Bosch LH-Jetronic 2.4 1988-90
Catalyzed
Schematic of an L-jetronic system
Components of the L-jetronic system: 1.- Air flow meter; 2.- ECU; 3.- Electric pump
gasoline
Filter
electromagnetic
9.- Throttle position sensor; 10.- Fuel pressure regulator.