1) What is the importance of a correct coding of the data and

financial transactions in an accounting system?

It is of great importance because it allows us to have unification in the system and makes it easier for us.
the knowledge of each transaction, allowing us to know all the accounting movements
from the company. These also contain all the accounts that would be deemed necessary for
time to install an accounting system.

What is the relationship between the automation or mechanization of operations and the
coding methods?

The relationship that exists between them is that they are very important for the orientation of your
performance, prevent misunderstandings, minimize wasted time, guide decision-making, and
optimize efficiency.

These systems contain in a very detailed manner various records that consist of
identify by different code to facilitate access.

3) Explain: What practical utility do coding methods have for

the realization of bank reconciliations in a company?
These systems can be used by a data code type or by groups because
they allow the use in different account groups such as the formation of the reconciliation
banking, as it facilitates the review and analysis of each transaction from the bank ledger and the status
You will be able to access the information faster.

4) Investigate a company, what are the most common identifications for

reference the documents that are used for information processing
accountable?

Alphanumeric
Mnemonic.
Verification digit
Consonants
Phonetic
Of bars
5) What are the objectives for which the methods were created?
coding?

The first objective is to study the different existing coding systems.

applicable to accounting and financial operations.

The second objective is to connect the application of coding methods.

with accounting theory, through the proper classification of operations
reflected in what represents the backbone of the accounting system: the code
of accounts.

What characteristics should a coding system possess? Cite some.

examples in which not all the characteristics are met.

Code precision: it must accept only one correct coding for each
element.

Scalability: The structure of the code must accept a greater number of elements.
in case it is needed.

Significant: The code must establish some characteristic

Operatvidad: It implies that the codes must be processed by a computer in

if necessary.

7) What are the most used methods for encoding data? Give an example of it.
application for each of them.

Sequential: they consist of the consecutive assignment of a number to a list of

elements from a predetermined number.

Ex.: code name of the element

accounts receivable Eduardo Díaz

02. accounts receivable Raúl Castro

By blocks: the codes are assigned sequentially but in consecutive blocks.

Example:

01 television 12' 01 to 06

02 television 16' televisions

 By group: sequential coding that subdivides successive classifications.

For example: element code name

02-000-000-000 Liability

02-001-000-000 Current liabilities

Alphabetic numerical: it is when an alphabetic code is assigned along with a code.

numeric that takes into account the characteristics of the element to be encoded

For example: when it represents the car plates. XEH 301

Mnemonic: combination of numbers and letters to identify by various

characteristics of each of the elements.

Ex.: element name code

NT670151 Neumático tubular size 670*15 white band

With a verification digit: they consist of adding a number or letter to a sequence.

of characters based on a predefined algorithm.

The consonants: it consists of eliminating all the vowels after the first letter.
from the word.

8) What is an accounting code? Why is it important for an accounting code to be?

properly designed, what implications does inadequate classification have?
from the accounts?

These are the ones that detail each and every one of the accounts, their nature and the concepts for
which are debited or credited.

It is important because that is where all the company's information will come from.

It can lead to confusion in the accounts and if not recorded correctly.

9) What characteristics must an accounting code meet?

Code precision: It is the one that must accept only one correct coding for each
element.

Expandability: This is where the code structure must accept a greater amount.
of elements in case they are needed.
 Concise: It is the one where codes that are not relevant at the time should not be added.
to identify an element.

Meaningful: this code must establish a characteristic that differentiates it

identify the elements.

Operability: It refers to the ability for the codes to be processed by a

computer, if necessary.

10) Make a summary and explain what the steps should be to develop a code.
accountable.

For the preparation of the accounting code of a company, the accountant must follow
a series of minimum steps in order to assemble the account structures. In
In some cases, the assignment of numbers is done automatically by the software.
mechanized accounting.

Accounting code: These are used in mechanized accounting systems.

composed of digits and levels.

The digits: They are what represent the number of positions used by the code.
accountant.

The levels: These are the number of groupings specified among all the
digits, in order to differentiate each of the classifications required by the states
financed, according to accounting standards and needs
company information.

11) Refer to your accounting knowledge and define what is considered as: Asset,
Pasivo, Patrimonio, Cuentas de Orden, Ingresos Operacionales, Costos de Ventas,
Operating Expenses, Other Income and Expenditures, Closing Accounts.

Assets: These are goods, rights, or other economic resources that a company possesses.

Liabilities: These are the obligations or debts that companies have.

Assets: These are the goods, rights, and obligations that a

individual or company and employs them to achieve their objectives.

Order Accounts: These are the ones destined for income or expenses on which
there is no assurance of its compliance, which is used to open a movement record
of values, when this does not affect or modify the financial statements of the entity, but it is
necessary to acknowledge your contingent rights or responsibilities, establish
reminders in accounting form.

Operational Revenues: are those revenues resulting from the main economic activity
from a company.

Sales Cost: This is the expense or cost of producing all the items sold.
during an accounting period.

Operating Expense: These refer to the money disbursed by a company.

a organization in the development of its activities. Operating expenses are in charge of
to keep an active in its existing condition or to change it to return to
adequate working conditions.

Other Income: These are all the incomes that do not originate from minutes and invoices.
issued by the office, for example the collection of compensation.

Expenses: These are what is referred to as the outflow of money from a company.

Closing Accounts: This is the process that consists of canceling the profit and loss accounts.
(composed of the accounts of income, expenses, cost of sales, and production costs) and
transfer these figures to the respective balance sheet accounts (assets, liabilities, and equity).

12) Define the following terms:

Available Current Assets: This is the money that a company has to

available at any time.

Current Receivables: It includes the values that

they will turn into money in the short term and credits that do not generate
not directly yields, but entered the business or established themselves
by virtue of commercial transactions.

Current Realizable Assets: These are all those debts that clients owe.
and the debtors of the company maintain with it.

Current Prepaid Assets: They refer to the disbursements that in

companies make advance payments for services that will be received in the
future or what is consumed as time goes by. The
asset used in business operations which, when consumed, will have
to turn it into an expense.
 Fixed Asset: It is a resource or asset of the company that cannot be converted.
in money

Intangible Asset: This is an asset that has no physical form, it is not something
material and therefore cannot be seen or touched, these come from the
Knowledge, skills, and attitudes of individuals and companies.

13) Accounts and documents receivable, can they be classified as realizable in a

Accounting code? Explain your answer.

Yes, because they maintain a relationship in the life of the service provided or debt.
pending both with clients and suppliers.

14) The equity accounts are made up of: Share capital or less the accounts
of the surplus. Investigate: which accounts can be identified as
surplus?

Earned surplus: It is the part of the surplus that includes the profits.
arising from the ordinary operations of the company and decreases with the
losses caused by this same concept.

Paid surplus: It is created by the recording of the benefits obtained in

the transactions of the company with its shareholders, whether they are from
from premiums collected or discounts granted in the placement of sale of their
own actions, the non-compliance of shareholders with the contract of
subscription, the results from stock operations in
treasury, etc.

15) What is the relationship between the objectives of accounting and the methods of
coding?

The relationship between the two is that they provide information both
economic, financial, and social in order to reduce possible errors.

16) Do you consider that using coding methods is a way of

systematize the operations? Explain your answers.

Yes, because they can be expressed in more detail through code and diagrams.

Completion of problems 9-03 and 9-04 on pages 153 and 154 of the textbook.
basic and upload it to the UAPA platform.
PROBLEM 9-03
Codification of current accounts for a bank.
The following is a partial list of the current accounts of the National Bank SACA.

ACCOUNT NO NAME
12-13458-? Alicia García
Carlos
15-28932-? Hernández
02-21248-? Rosa Contreras
13-14893-? Herman Carpio
Marisol from
10-83451-? Urbina

DIFFERENCE OR CHARACTER OF
RESTAURANT VERIFICATION
1 A
2 B
3 X
4 Z
 5 W
6 O
7 H
8 V
9 C
10 D
11 F

The weighting factor is 4895693 and module 11 is used.

a) Calculate the corresponding verification character according to the table
previous

PROBLEM 9-04
Preparation of an accounting code
Below is a general outline of the necessary accounts defined by the
accountant of Chemical Industries, C.A., for the new accounting code that will be in
operation starting next month, pending the tests that will be carried out in the
accounting system.