Adolfo López Mateos School

Group: 13 2nd semester

Team 5
Members:
Cantinca Chávez Nancy Berenice
Emeterio Gómez Sandra
Gonzales Martínez Britzi Jeraldin
Hernández Hinojoza Karla
Jordan Zaragoza Valeria Isabel
Mendoza Valerio Sheyla Viridiana
Negrete Corral Lizbeth

Professor: Morales Suarez Gelacio

Project (Bulletin)

School cycle 2018B

1
 Index
3
Generic and Mathematical Competencies………………………………………………….. 4
Definitions
Riddle
Mathematical problem, Enigma and numerical magic.............................. 6

Magic squares, puzzles, and riddles............................... 7

Problems
Riddles………………………………………………………………………………………..… 8
Math problems ................................................................. 9

Enigmas
Numerical Magic......................................................... 12

Magic square............................................................. 13

Puzzle…………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Riddles……………………………………………………………………………………... 17
Infographic
Personal Comments
Group Comment
Bibliographies…………………………………………………………………………………….. 28

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Introduction
There are different types of exercises that are used in mathematics, in which...
they pose problems that require using the right hemisphere of the brain (part
logic) and the left (creativity and imagination) to provide a response to the
proposals that are presented, in this project some examples of are presented
they, what they are and how they can be solved through a solution process or where
the 'magic' to know the answers is found, and with it we become aware
that for every problem there is a solution, although it may be difficult to find it, it is not
impossible.
They require patience and tolerance, mathematics is a very vast field with
various branches that relate concepts and solution methods, as is the case of:
Riddle
Mathematical problem
Enigma
Numerical magic
Magic squares
Puzzle
Riddles

That help stimulate and strengthen the hemispheres to give a positive response to
problems that arise in our lives or those of others.
The development of this thinking is key to the development of intelligence.
mathematics for the well-being especially of young children in their
development, as it provides important benefits for establishing relationships based on
mathematics according to logic in a schematic and technical way.

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 Algebra Project (Bulletin)

Purpose: Use the different types of algebraic expressions for resolution of

operations contextualizing with everyday life problems.

GENERAL SKILLS:

4. Listen, interpret, and convey relevant messages in different contexts through the
use of appropriate means, codes, and tools.
4.1 Express ideas and concepts through linguistic, mathematical representations or
graphics. 4.5 Manages information and communication technologies to obtain
information and express ideas.
5. Develop innovations and propose solutions to problems based on methods
Established. 5.2 Organizes information according to categories, hierarchies, and relationships.

Mathematics:
1. Build and interpret mathematical models through the application of procedures
arithmetic, algebraic, geometric, and variations, for understanding and analysis of
real, hypothetical or formal situations.
2. Formulate and solve mathematical problems, applying different approaches.

4
 Definitions

Riddle:
UnAcertijoes is a game and also a learning experience.
Riddles are statements or sentences that are difficult to understand.
They are considered hobbies or games that consist of finding
the solution to an enigma or finding the hidden meaning of
a sentence.

To solve the most common puzzles, one must make use

of imagination and deductive capacity.
The resolution must be given with the mere statement of the statement, so it does not
allows to ask questions.

It is a strategy that will allow the person to strengthen skills and be able to solve.
mathematical problems and everyday life and strengthens:

Improve your level of abstraction

Enhance the quality of your concentration while studying.
Optimize your attention and reasoning abilities

All riddles share a common characteristic: they represent a challenge that forces one to
who intends to solve them by putting their imagination into play and striving to think about
new paths and situations that allow him to effectively reach a solution, this
characteristic has turned them into an effective tool for stimulation and development
of intelligence.

They are related to the model of learning styles of the Cerebral Hemispheres.
The idea that each hemisphere is specialized in a different modality of
thought that has led to the concept of differential use of hemispheres, the response to
this problem will depend on the characteristics of each hemisphere, as well as the way of
think of each person since if the left hemisphere is dominant the person will be
analytical but if the dominant is the right hemisphere it will be more emotional.

This means that while the left hemisphere solves the puzzle in a
realistic and abstract logic the right hemisphere is analog, fanciful, qualitative.

The complementary functioning of both hemispheres is what gives the mind its
power and its flexibility.

Types of riddles:
Atypical facts:
The most common ones reflect situations in which an event has occurred or a
atypical result and we need to find out the cause.

With trickery and wordplay:

Some riddles are simple entertainment games that contain a small
a trap consisting of expressions with double meaning or wordplay. Its advantage
they are brief and do not require prior announcement so they can be raised in
any moment of a conversation.

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 Mathematical problem

A mathematical problem is a mystery about a certain mathematical entity that

it must be resolved from another entity of the same type that needs to be discovered.
solve aproblemfrom this class, certain steps must be completed that allow reaching
to the response and that serve as a demonstration of the
reasoning.
In other words, a mathematical problem poses
aquestionand set certain conditions, after which it must
find a number or another kind of mathematical entity that,
fulfilling the set conditions, made it possible the
resolution of the unknown.

Enigma

An enigma is something mysterious, what does not appear.

clear to understanding. The great enigmas or
mysteries ofhuman beingthey have to do with the
meaning of life and what exists after it, or
yes, if there is something that begins with death, or this
represents theconclusionof everything. From science,
from thephilosophyand from the religious faith, it has been
treaty of giving answers that still do not reveal these enigmas clearly.
Puzzles are often presented in the form of riddles, being very common.
the facts with words or with numbers, being called in this latter case, enigmas
mathematicians.

The mathematical precision with which the pyramids were built in Ancient Egypt, and the
force used to place the stone blocks of many tons is one of the
historical enigmas that have still not been solved.

Numerical magic

Numerical magic is a type of magic trick in which the

magicians ask the audience for a random number and then they
and a series of steps, which are generally operations
simple mathematics like addition, subtraction, and multiplication, for to
finally guess some data such as:

The age of the person

The year of birth
The original number chosen

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 Magic squares:

Magic squares are distributions of numbers.

in cells arranged in a square shape, of
so that the sum of any of the rows, of any
from the columns and from the two main diagonals gives
always the same result. The resulting number is
denominates "magic constant".

Types of magic squares:

If the magic square has three rows and three columns, that is, nine squares, and for the
Such nine numbers are called a magic square of order three.
If the magic square has four rows and four columns, that is, sixteen squares and
sixteen numbers, is called a magic square of order four.
If the magic square has five rows and five columns, that is, 25 boxes and
twenty-five squares and twenty-five numbers, is called a magic square of order
five

Puzzle

Scrambled heads is a game of skill and patience that consists of

in reassembling a figure or an image by combining in a way
correct certain specific pieces, each of which has
a part of that figure or image; the pieces can be flat and
in different ways, which give rise to a single image, or cubes that
they allow the creation of six different images.

Riddle

A riddle is a type ofriddlewith statement, generally

in the form ofrhyme.

They are aboutenigmassimple descriptions of a thing of

indirect way for someone to guess. In the statement, there
They include clues for their solution. Many riddles are directed at
to the child audience, with an educational component, to represent
traditions and basic concepts such as animals, fruits, or all kinds
of objects.
Riddles are presented in different formats of meter and composition, although they are
common the octosyllabic verses, the stanzas of two or four verses and the assonant rhymes and
consonants

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Riddles:

Riddle #1

Two friends met and chatted, one asked the other how long their career lasted.
University student, the friend replied... two years ago half the time that it lasted was missing.

Answer to the riddle:

4 years.
Solution steps:
x - 2 = x/2
2x - 4 = x
2x - x = 4
x=4

Riddle #2

Three farmers ask how many horses they have respectively and say:
If Juan has one horse less than Pedro, and in turn Pedro has one horse less than ...
Juan has half as many horses as Miguel.
Answer to the riddle:
- Juan = 2,Pedro = 3,Miguel = 4
Steps for the solution
J=P-1
To obtain expression d), M was isolated from expression c).
We substitute the value of P in a) and we have... J=(M-1)–1
Now the value of M in a)... J= (2J - 1)–1
The value of J is obtained... J+1=2j-1; 1+1=2J-J; 2=J
- Replace J in d); M=2(2); M=4
- Replace M in b); P=(4)-1; P=3

Riddle #3

There is a cake that weighs half of what it weighs plus 5kg, so what is its weight?
Answer to the riddle:
-10kg

Solution steps
The cake is whole and can only have 2 halves. If one is 5kg, the other is the same and
add 10kg.
Algebraically... x = (x/2) + 5; x = x/2 + 5/1

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The denominator of the second term is multiplied by 2 and also the numerator to not
lose equality.
x = x/2 + 10/2, We solve
2x = x + 10
2x - x = 10; x = 10kg

Mathematical problems

Mathematical problem #1

16x^2y + 9xy^2 - 13xy =

Apply the laws of exponents: a^{b+c}=a^ba^c

xy^2 = xyy, x^2y = xxy

= 16x^2y - 13xy + 9xy^2

Factor the common term xy

= xy (16x + 9y - 13)

Mathematical problem #2

30x^2 + 25x + 10x

Group similar terms:

30x^2 + 35x

Factor 5x from the expression:

5x ( 6x + 7 )

Mathematical problem #3
Factor: 56x^5 - 34y^4 According to the formula a3–b3(a–b)(a2+ ab + b2)

Now that we have the formula, substitute all the corresponding values, resulting in:

2 ( 28x^5 - 17y^4 )

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Enigmas

Enigma #1

Three brothers are dividing 1300 pesos. The oldest receives double what the middle one gets, and the middle one ...
four times that of the small one. How much does each one receive?

Approach:
2 (4x) (double that of the middle one)
Middle brother: 4x (4 times that of the little one)
younger brother: x

Equation:

8x + 4x + x = 1300 So:

Solution to the riddle: Older brother: 2 (4x) = 800

8x + 4x + x = 1300 Middle brother: 4x = 400

x = 1300/13 Younger brother: x = 100

13x = 1300

x = 100

Enigma #2

In a rectangular area, with a perimeter of 360 meters, the length is twice that of the width.
width. Calculate the value of the sides.

Approach:
Width: x
Length: 2x

Perimeter: L+L+L+L

Perimeter: x + x + 2x + 2x
Perímetro = 360
Equation:

6x = 360

x = 360/6

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x = 60

So:

Width: 60

Length: 2 (60) = 120

Enigma #3
What is the largest number of equidistant points that can be placed on a
ball?

Solution:

If we measure the distance over the ball, we mark straight lines that connect the points,
we will see the edges of a tetrahedron. Therefore;

Only four points can be placed if you want them to have the same distance.

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Numerical magic

Numerical Magic #1:

Think of any number.

Add 3
Multiply the result by 2
Subtract 8
Divide by 2
He asked me: How much do you get?
I replied to him.
It gives me 54
Yél told me immediately:
The number you picked was 55
In this example, the answer, thanks to algebra, is easy to understand for our
students. Upon translating the orders of the great wizard:

Think of a number

x x+3 2(x+3) (2x + 6) - 8 2x - 2x–1 it is clear that the

the starting number is one more than the ending number.

Numerical magic #2:

For this exercise, a calculator is needed to write the procedure of the

problem
Think of two numbers (one with one digit and the other with two digits)
After:

1- Write on the paper the number of a digit you thought of.

2- Multiply that number by 5
3- Add 5 to the result
4- Multiply the result by 10
Add 20 to the total
6- Multiply the result by 2
7- Subtract 8 from the answer
8- Add the result to the two-digit number you chose.

Finally, rectify in the calculator with the final result. Subtract 132, press =, and the
two numbers from your friend will appear on the screen. The first digit is the number of a
digit and the last two digits of the two-digit number.
If you only get a two-digit number, it's because the chosen 1-digit number was 0.

Numerical magic #3:

Think about the number of times a week you would like to go out to dinner.
Multiply it by 2 and add 5
Multiply it by 50

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 Depending on your birthday:
If your birthday has already passed, add 1755.
- If it hasn't happened yet, add 1754
Subtract the year of your birth including the 4 digits.
You got a 3-digit number:
The first is the number of times you thought at the beginning.
The second is your age!

Magic square:

Steps to solve a magic square

Calculate the magic constant. You can find it using a mathematical formula.
simple, where n = the number of rows or columns in the magic square. For example, in
a magic square of 3 x 3, n = 3. The magic constant = [n * (n2 + 1)] / 2. In our
example with the magic square of 3 x 3:

sum = [3 * (32 + 1)] / 2

sum = [3 * (9 + 1)] / 2
sum = (3 * 10) / 2
sum = 30 / 2
The magic constant for the 3 x 3 square is 30/2 or 15.
When adding the rows, columns, or diagonals, we must obtain this number.
2: Place the number 1 in the center box in the top row. You must always start.
in this place if the magic square has odd sides, regardless of what
large or small it may be. Reconsidering our example, in the 3 x 3 square,
we place the number 1 in cell 2; in a 15 x 15 square, we place the number 1
in box 8, etc.

3: Fill in the remaining boxes by moving one box up and then one
box to the right. You will always use the numbers sequentially (1, 2, 3, 4,
...moving one row up and then one column to the right. You will realize
Immediately, to be able to locate number 2, you will have to move beyond the row.
superior, outside the magic square. Nothing happens, although you will always be working.
with the previous sequence, there are three exceptions that also have rules that they follow
a predictable pattern:
If a move takes you to a 'square' above the top row of the square
magic, stay in that column, but place the number in the row below it
column.

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If the movement takes you to a 'square' outside the right limit of the magic square,
stay in the line of that box, but place the number in the farthest column
to the left of that row.
If the move takes you to a square that is already occupied, return to the last square that
fill in and place the number below.

Magic square #1:

Solve the 3x3 magic square whose sum is 15:

6 1

9 4

Solution:

6 1 8

7 5 3

2 9 4

Magic square #2:

Place nine consecutive numbers in a 3x3 square so that the sum of

the rows and the columns are 24.

10

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Solution:

12 8 4

5 10 9

7 6 11

Magic square #3:

Solve the 3x3 magic square, where the sum of only 3 chosen numbers is 18.

6 5

Solution:

6 7 5

5 6 7

7 5 7

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Puzzle:

Solution:

Puzzle #2

Solution:

16
Puzzle #3

Solution:

Riddles

Riddle #1
They ask a girl how old she is, and she answers: The day before yesterday I was 19, and now...
Next year I will turn 22. How is that possible?

Simple:

The question was asked on January 1st and the girl celebrates her birthday on December 31st, when
They ask him the question he was already 20 years old, he turns 21 in December, and next year; in the
the same month will have 22.

If six cats eat six mice in six minutes, how many cats are needed to...
eat a hundred mice in fifty minutes?

The devouring speed per cat is equal to:

Vd = 6 mice / 6 cats × 6 minutes = 1/6 (mouse / cat × minute) =

100 mice / x cats * 50 minutes =

x = 12

It takes 12 cats to eat 100 mice in 50 minutes.

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 Riddle #2

SiAna has twelve coins and wants to buy a candy that costs her two coins, but
When he goes to the store, his friend María asks him to borrow nine coins, and Carlos charges her.
two coins that Ana owed, when Ana arrives at the store she finds seven on the ground
coins. How many candies can be bought with the money you have in total?

Solution:

It is necessary to perform some basic operations with the given numbers.

12–9–2 + 7 = 8

He now has 8 coins and each candy costs two, so;

8÷2=4

Ana can buy four candies with the total money she has now.

Riddle #3

Sara buys a necklace at a jewelry store and pays 20 pesos, in the evening she resells it to a friend.
for 25 pesos, but since he had never used it, he buys it back from his friend for 30.
Sara uses the necklace for a while and finally resells it for 40 pesos. How much did she earn?
Is Sara finally with the necklace?

Sara earns a total of 15 pesos with the necklace.

(25-20)= 5

(40-30)= 10

10 + 5 = 15

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Personal Comments

What I learned:
Each of the concepts has different characteristics, despite this, in
they are often confused with each other but with the help of this project
I was able to understand a little better

The riddle consists of statements that are difficult to understand, which makes it something
challenging for the brain and at the same time entertaining like a game whose purpose is
put our mind to work and use elements like imagination and ability to
deduction.
On the other hand, the mathematical problem is a statement that requires some
solution with the help of procedures in an orderly manner.
The enigma is something that is not easy to understand since there is not much
knowledge about it.
In the case of numerical magic, it consists of asking an individual for a number.
randomly and then they provide a series of steps, which are generally operations
mathematics in order to guess the number that is asked at the beginning
Magic squares are those in which the objective is to place numbers in cells.
which form a square in such a way that when added they give the same number in
all sides.
Puzzles are a game in which an image and/or figure must be constructed.
making various pieces fit.
A riddle is a type of enigma that rhymes and refers to something, an animal,
person, etc.
With this, it is planned that young people and/or other individuals identify when some
of these occur throughout their life.

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 Karla Hernández Hinojosa
Learning that the activity leaves me

This activity was important because in a way it helps us relate various things.
situations in our daily life with mathematics. Just as they present us
a series of exercises or activities that help us solve them, but more than
nothing is a simpler way of learning since they are educational and its better
understanding.
Like puzzles, riddles, and enigmas are games or activities of
skill and patience to learn since they make use of imagination
deduction for its solution just like the magic square which is basically this
the use of reasoning to form the amount that is requested of us, but also
we have what is called number magic which is very educational since it only requires
the basic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
These activities and games are a good way to implement our knowledge.
although it basically just reminds us of what we have learned since we were children, but
thanks to these games it is easier for us to apply everything we have acquired like
these are the algebraic expressions from the simplest to the most complicated, thus
solve both everyday and mathematical problems.

Sandra Emeterio Gómez

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Algebra is not just a mechanical subject; it develops individuals.
thinking skills promote characteristics such as clarity, order,
sequencing, the relationship, logic, coherence; it is also applied in problem solving
problems of mathematics itself (trigonometry and calculus), from other areas
(physics and chemistry) and of life itself
Each of these topics we have seen has a great influence on our daily life.
for example: in a riddle it could be in a game (for example when you play
hanged) or in a learning (definition or a problem from daily life) is a
important invention because it gives rise to more sciences, also I think that the
Mathematics is used for everything and is very important for daily life.
carrying out activities to solve real-life problems and others
related to consumption and purchasing habits, developing and verifying
simple budgets, using numbers and percentages.
The concepts acquired to better understand the quantification of phenomena
that are used as procedures in other subjects, such as Geography and History
and in Natural Sciences.
Algebra is mainly useful for sharpening your mind even though it may seem that way.
you think it is of no use in your daily life, it is important because it helps you to
deduce and process all the information you receive during the day in such a way that
you can draw conclusions and solve problems
Algebra is not just a mechanical subject; it is a part of the
mathematics that is based on the unknown, is what shapes the mathematics of
the equations,
Developing thinking skills in people that promote
characteristics such as clarity, order, sequencing, relation, logic and
coherence; it is also applied in problem-solving in mathematics
just like in trigonometry, calculus, and geometry, they also apply in other areas
areas such as physics and chemistry.

22
 Lizbeth Negrete Corral
This collaborative work has been prepared with the intention of achieving a good
note in the subject of algebra and acquire new knowledge at the moment of the
investigation of each concept, focusing on the topics already seen of that
subject.
From my point of view, this project has helped us in the management and
understanding of numerous terms knowing how to handle them in one
appropriate manner. Each of these concepts has a relationship with each other, whether
in a simple or complex way. Both riddles and puzzles are
present in everyday life, these in turn have a support from which we are going
learning, that support is nothing more and nothing less than the reason to think,
thanks to thought we find the answers to our questions or
situation of some problem. Thanks to them we can work on our mind and go on.
talented to reason more quickly and effectively

Valeria Isabel Jordan Zaragoza

23
 Summary of algebra

The development of this project will help us gain a broader knowledge about
the concepts that are used in its content, as well as to employ
different types of algebraic expressions for solving operations
relating it to our everyday life.

Riddles will help us have a different method of addressing problems.

strategic way. That will make us think about different ways to solve
situations since resolving it requires the use of imagination
and of the ability of our minds to think different things. Likewise, it is a
entertainment method that will help us enhance skills and raise quality
of concentration at the moment of studying a specific topic. A way to
carrying out this riddle sequence is using math problems
perfectly framed that will help us achieve the result by presenting it as
unknown since a mathematical problem helps us pose questions about how
this situation will take place, one way to surprise our brain more is
using riddles since it helps us have mysterious situations that are
they can provide a solution using a numeric magic that is understood as tricks of
magic in what are generally mathematical operations without any kind of
complexity can be a sum, subtraction, multiplication or division.

All of these proposals will positively influence our lives since

they will help us to answer many questions of our daily life such as
they are riddles, magic squares, puzzles, etc.

Britzi Jeraldin González Martínez

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 Comments
The activity covered many different topics, which allowed us to reinforce our
knowledge through an entertaining way like riddles, puzzles
and numerical magic, I believe it was good to work on this as a team, it allowed us
learn more and reinforce what we had seen in class, also to remember
some of the knowledge we already had through the search for
information and the preparation of exercises. For each activity, a was sought
solution and it was presented in a way that was understandable for whoever it was for
resolve it, as I believe that illustrating it helps to keep it well established
the objective of each exercise. In conclusion, I think it is a good project that
reinforces many of the knowledge we have and serves as practice in
many senses, since most of the time with practice it is better understood, to
doing exercises and taking the subject in a fun and entertaining way, without
need for it to be boring.

Sheyla Viridiana Mendoza Valerio

25
Comentario
This activity was interesting, it helped us understand the activities better.
that stressed us out since we were little and it is very interesting and important to apply that
in everyday life since Mathematics is learned 95% by practicing,
practicing and practicing, the other 5% is dedicated to the formulas that we must
use to solve math problems and retain them by doing
mathematical exercises.

For many, it is difficult to understand or grasp mathematics, but everything would be easier.
easy if we practice them and pay full attention when they explain to us, it is
very important in our lives since we will continue to follow them in anything
occupying, it is a foundational subject to be able to do thousands of things, in anything
that someone is always going to need mathematics nobody will be saved from them and
it also helps us to strengthen our intelligence and have a career.

From a young age, we must learn mathematics to develop and

strengthening our intelligence and continuing to advance and learn new things without
that we have any difficulty in resolving them.
Learning mathematics teaches us to think in a logical way and to develop
skills for problem solving and decision making. Thanks to them
we are also able to have greater clarity of ideas and the use of language.
With mathematics, we acquire skills for life, and it is hard to think about
any area that doesn't have to do with them. Everything around us has a bit
of this science.

Nancy Berenice Cantinca Chávez

26
 Group Comment

While it is true that the development of mathematical knowledge is primarily due to

part, to the resolution of mathematical problems.
Mathematics shapes attitudes and values in students because
they guarantee solidity in their foundations, security in the procedures
and trust in the obtained results. All of this creates in children a
conscious and favorable disposition to undertake actions that lead to
the solution to the problems they face every day.

Once again, mathematics contribute to the formation of values in children.

determining their attitudes and behavior, and serving as patterns for
guide your life, as they are, a logical way of facing reality and
coherent, the pursuit of accuracy in results, an understanding and
clear expression through the use of symbols, ability
of abstraction, reasoning, and generalization and the perception of the
creativity as a value

There are many daily activities that are related to this.

science, for example, managing money, preparing a cooking recipe, calculating the
distance we have to travel to reach a place, among other things,
but the answer goes beyond.

It is difficult to find a completely comprehensive definition of the concept of

Mathematics. Currently, it is classified as one of the formal sciences.
(together with logic), given that, using logical reasoning as a tool,
the analysis of the relationships and properties between numbers and figures is focused
geometric.

27
 Bibliographies:

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