Introduction

Recycling is a process whose goal is to turn waste into

new products to prevent the disuse of materials
potentially useful. Recycling is a key component in the
reduction of contemporary waste and is the third component of
the 4Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Replace, and Recycle).

We aim to promote care and respect among girls and boys.

the environment, since in the future they will be the main ones
responsible for our planet. It is necessary to make them understand that
Recovering materials can prevent the destruction of the environment
environment, encouraging the crafting of handmade items with materials
recycled.

The 4R rule (Reduce, Reuse, Replace) will be employed.

Recycle) to encourage children to take care of the environment
reducing the amount of waste, reusing containers and bags,
recycling materials to reuse them.

This will also contribute to the care of our community, it would allow
to unlock children's creativity potentials in an easy way,
practical and encouraging.
 OBJECTIVES

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

1.1. Design an entrepreneurial project through the creation of

crafts and products made from recycled materials
prepared by students of Salomón Ibarra School
Mayorga, municipality of Ciudad Sandino.

2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

2.1. Determine the importance of the use of recycling

as a source of income for the economy of the
community.
2.2. Offer products to the population of Ciudad Sandino
made from recycled materials.
2.3. Promote within our community the habit of recycling

through the creation of crafts and products that

raise awareness and contribute to the economy of families.
 I. JUSTIFICATION

The reason we have chosen this project is to raise awareness.

to make people aware not to pollute the environment
environment, since we have seen that in our community there is a lot of
Trash and people have not given it importance, therefore we have
decided to undertake this project to manufacture raw materials and
show people that trash can be recycled and for
To recycle, it must be sorted to reuse it and create crafts.
We want to implement this business to have a source.
of income and benefit other people through opportunities of
employment.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATION

I.1. DEFINITION

Recycling is a process whose goal is to convertwastein new

products or raw materials for later use.

Thanks to recycling, the disuse of potentially useful materials is prevented, it

reduce the consumption of new raw materials, as well as reducing energy use,
air pollution (through theincineration) and of the water (through
thelandfills), as well as reduce greenhouse gas emissions
greenhouse compared to plastic production.

Recycling is a key component in the reduction of contemporary waste.

and it is the third component of the 3Rs ('Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle').

Recyclable materials are many and include all paper and cardboard, glass,
ferrous and non-ferrous metals, some plastics, fabrics and textiles, woods and
electronic components. In other cases, recycling is not possible.
due to the technical difficulty or high cost of the process, it usually
reusing materials or products to produce other materials and they are allocated
for other purposes, such as energy exploitation.
ORIGIN AND HISTORY

Experts say that man has practically reused materials.

since it populated the face of the earth. 10,000 years B.C. with the first
settlements, after a nomadic life, primitive men produced
the first waste. Since the earliest civilizations, garbage represented a
problem that got complicated with the appearance and use of fire.

In prehistory, flint and other materials like skins were already being recycled to
to build tools and clothing. Apparently, nothing was thrown away and everything was reused.
When a flint was no longer useful for cutting, it was carved to serve as decoration...
even in some sites, toothpicks made with have been found
discarded tools for cutting hides.

The invention of paper contributed to the growth of solid waste. At the same time
time is a good example of recycling in the world. The documents or papyrus
Ancient Japanese are made with recycled paper. The Chinese too.
they made paper by crushing mulberry bark and mixing it with water. Before,
the Egyptians had used their famous papyrus or parchments that were obtained from
from lambskins. The fact is that they were all very difficult materials and
costly to manufacture, so they were reused as many times as necessary.

Another good example of recycling and the use of ancestral natural resources.
it is composting. Humans discovered that food scraps can
produce a natural fertilizer to make your crops more fertile and bring out their
crops more yield. And started to use and perfect this technique
until he made the most of it.
The wise agronomist and Roman farmer from Hispania, Lucius Columella, in his books
about field work, around the mid-1st century, he prepared a manual in which
described how to mix, store, and transport agricultural waste and distribute it
as fertilizer or manure for soil cultivation.

For many centuries, humans were not aware of how

It affected the production of solid waste on the environment of our planet.
The truth is that until the 19th century, human beings were too busy
reusing different materials such as clothing, metals, stones..., in the
what has been called by some a 'golden age of recycling', so that the impact
environmental outside really big. They produced a lot of trash
limited.
But in the end, the twentieth century arrived with its consumer habits, its containers of a
single use, plastic and the boom of throwaway.

At this point, it was necessary to propose and implement solutions. In the end,
it seems that human beings have become aware of the importance of
recycling.
Man, as he has become independent from biological processes of
the Biosphere has been increasing its capacity to transform the environment
introducing new and differentiated systems and elements as a result of that
transformative capacity acquired over millions of years of
evolution.
 I.2. TYPES OF RECYCLING

Recycling can be based on two main categories: industrial waste and

consumer waste.

Industrial waste. A large part of what is considered waste is

generated by industries. They place importance on recycling according to
the cost-effectiveness relationship that can be obtained from the process and some, such as the

packaging factories, they do it themselves, while others turn to

specialized companies in recycling. The materials that are most recycled in the
industries include cardboard, plastic, glass, wood, paper, and even
old tires. In contrast, metals are rarely recycled.

The following are common subtypes of recycling in this sector:

Plastic recycling. Plastic waste can be converted into

new products, whether or not they are the same as those from their origin.

Electronic recycling. It involves the transformation of waste.

electronics responsibly and carefully.

Chemical recycling. In the case of some polymers (set of

macromolecules formed by monomers) of materials, it is feasible to convert them
again into monomers (small molecules) through some substances
chemicals.

Physical recycling. Through this method, some melting is carried out.

plastics to create new objects with this material.
 Consumer products. General waste can be recycled through
three collection systems, implemented in some places: the centers in
those who produce the waste take it to its central location,
buyback centers and the "curbside collection", by which a truck
collects the waste for its subsequent transformation.

In summary, recycling consists of three basic steps:

1. Collection and processing.

2. Manufacturing.

3. Purchase of new products made from materials

recycled.

I.3. Advantages of recycling

Recycling is an excellent way to preserve the environment in light of

increase of waste in populated areas. The benefits of practicing the
recycling goes beyond achieving sustainable economic development, as they have
interference in biodiversity and energy is saved as well as many resources
natural resources necessary in the production of items made from materials
new. It also manages to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and
the amount of waste that is sent to landfills or incinerators is created
new jobs thanks to recycling companies and it contributes to
maintenance of a healthy environment for the benefit of future generations
futures.

In short

It requires 70 percent less energy to produce paper from

from recycling that is produced based on new raw materials.
 It is possible to recycle up to 60 percent of the waste that ends up in a
boat.

Plastic takes about 500 years to decompose.

Glass is 100 percent recyclable, and furthermore, it can be recycled more

I.4. THE FOUR Rs

Many of the things that end up in the trash could be reused as

for example, the wrapping paper. Don't throw it away, unwrap the gift carefully and
Use the paper for future gifts you have to make.

Many already know the behavioral guidelines that must be followed in

our day to day to help the environment in terms of recycling.
Much more nowadays, even though there are leaders from various
countries that still deny the existence of climate change, this is already a
reality and all of us can do something no matter how small to try
stop it.

In any case, we believe it is not unnecessary to remind them, because it is already known that

Many times we do something based on hearing it insistently.

Until not long ago, the rule consisted of 3 Rs, but over time, the
People were aware that the 'chair' was wobbly and that it was necessary to add one.
fourth error.

In this way, the current idea and rule of recycling has been established as: Reduce,
Reuse, Recycle, and Recover.
 I.4.1. Reduce

It involves avoiding the purchase of products that are not really necessary and that
they also carry with them elements that will soon become trash like
for example products with excessive packaging. It can be reduced not only in
terms of consumption of goods, also in energy optimizing, for example, the
use of washing machines or dishwashers. It simply involves reducing the problem
to reduce the impact on the environment.

I.4.2. Reuse

It involves giving a second use to those products that are no longer useful for the task.
whether you acquired it or repaired them so that they can continue to fulfill their
function. We must try to make the most out of the things we have and
when we can definitely no longer use them, give them to someone who can.
Give it a use. Many of the things that end up in the trash could be reused.
use it as, for example, wrapping paper. Don't throw it away, unwrap the gift
be careful and use the paper for future gifts you have to make.

I.4.3. Recycle

It means making a selective selection of the waste generated by us.

the same. They are then processed in specialized plants creating products for
other uses or lower quality ones. In this way, the use is avoided
uncontrolled use of natural resources, energy is saved and the volume is reduced
of waste.

I.4.4. Recover

It is related to industrial processes and consists of recovering materials or

elements that serve as raw materials. For example, plastics can be
recover through the pyrolysis process (by heating) or the materials
used in the manufacturing of cans.

I.5. BENEFITS OF RECYCLING

Whether understood as a process of reconstruction or transformation of products

from waste into new materials at an industrial level, as if it were recycling
Domestically, recycling helps to prolong the life and utility of resources. Therefore,
Therefore, the benefits of recycling will be for both humans and
the environment.
At the industrial level, the recycling process consists of three stages: collection,
classification and manufacturing, from the first moment it begins in our
houses or anywhere else (institutions, companies, etc.) up to the following
phases, in which the waste materials are grouped together to then proceed with the
process until they are turned into recycled products. Finally, they will return to
selling to consumers. Thus, time and again.
In our homes, we can also reuse countless objects to give them
a second life, although they must undergo a transformation, otherwise they
it would be about a reuse
The benefits are:

Preservation of natural resources.

Reduce pollution.
Energy saving.
Saving money.

Preserve natural resources

Undoubtedly, one of the most important advantages of recycling is preservation.
ofnatural resourcesFor example, recycling paper prevents a good amount of
unnecessary cuts and also the contamination of large amounts of water that
it involves the manufacturing of paper, and the same happens with the recycling of others

products made with our natural resources.

By recycling, products are reused, so there is no need to take them out again.
raw material from nature, but we can extend the shelf life of that
it has already been extracted.

Less pollution
Have you stopped to think about the amount of bags, plastics, wrappers, boxes and
waste that you create in your daily life? Every year, tens of tons of plastics.
they end up in the oceans, destroying marine habitat and the health of our
planet. Something as simple as recycling can prevent this from happening and that everyone

those plastic waste we create can have a second life and not
they end up floating on our shores. Undoubtedly, this is another one of the great
benefits of recycling.
Save energy
Another advantage of recycling is energy savings, which is another great one.
advantages of recycling and, as a consequence of this lower spending, it facilitates the
manufacturing process and emit less greenhouse gases. In many
sometimes consumers also win, since the products too
are cheaper. Manufacturing a product from scratch involves more processes than if
one is recycled from a preexisting one, which involves some energy costs that are
they can increase by up to 25%.

Save money
In our home, recycling organic or inorganic waste can have countless
for functional, decorative, or even artistic uses, so also
we save money, and at the same time, less is produced and contaminated. In recycling
Creative, being kind to the planet pays off. Using materials that are no longer...
we use it and by giving it another use we can save ourselves some purchases. Only
It's a matter of using a little imagination. To save you this work, from
Green Ecology you we propose challenges
how theornaments Christmas
recycledodecorate gardens with recycled materials.

I.6. THINGS YOU CAN RECYCLE

Plastic containers, milk cartons, bricks, and cans (which go in the container)
yellow)

Paper and cardboard packaging (that goes in the blue container).

Glass containers (that go in the green bin).

Battery pilasters.
Organic waste (food scraps).
Then there is everything else that we can recycle to reuse it at home
or, if we prefer, take it to a green point or recycling point.
 II. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Nowadays, the importance of recycling objects is growing significantly.

containers, through the proper classification of garbage and waste. Our
current society talks about it, it is about raising awareness of the importance it has
recycling for the life of the Earth and of man and campaigns have been created
advertising, media aimed at promoting recycling, as well as many others
possibilities for us to make this a daily practice.

A good percentage of the things we throw in the trash bins could have
a second chance. And we are not just referring to reusing plastic bottles,
glass containers or turning over a sheet of paper with notes. There's much more!

It's about not using them in the same way, but activating your creativity and looking for new ones.

resources and solutions. Write articleswith recycled materialsin the matter

first reusable for the creation of new objects.
 Conclusions

At the end of this project, we have concluded that:

Recycling helps us develop creative skills, to put

more effort to work,
To raise awareness at the moment of disposing knowing that it
You can do something more productive with these materials.
recyclables.
We help reduce environmental pollution in
our community.
In our homes, we can also reuse countless
objects to give them a second life, as they must undergo a
transformation, because otherwise it would be a
reuse.